PED DB: Case Studies – PED-EU-NET

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Name	Project	Type	Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED	ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED	InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Munich, Harthof district		PED Case Study	Compare
Lublin	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran	CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116	CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Findhorn, the Park	InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED	ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study	Compare
Aalborg East		PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Uncompare
Ankara, Çamlık District	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Trenčín	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf	LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis	NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Uden, Loopkantstraat	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Zaragoza, Actur	NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand	BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city	ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins	PED Case Study	Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study	Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus	LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Kera	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee	PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district	PED Case Study	Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal		PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe		PED Case Study	Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad	ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge		PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district		PED Case Study	Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark		PED Case Study	Compare
Évora, Portugal	POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework	PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Groningen, PED South	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Lab	Compare
Groningen, PED North	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Lab	Uncompare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT		PED Lab	Uncompare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district	STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Compare
Tartu, City centre area	SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe	PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district	GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions	PED Relevant Case Study	Uncompare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab		PED Lab	Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Compare
Kifissia, Energy community	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare

Title	Groningen, PED North	Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark «×»	Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED «×»	Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district «×»	Oslo, Verksbyen «×»	Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing «×»	Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT «×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab	Groningen, PED North	Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark	Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED	Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district	Oslo, Verksbyen	Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing	Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/09/netherlands.JPG, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/09/netherlands2.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/Picture.png	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/08/111.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/08/11.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/10/Fig.5_-CAAB-photo.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/10/Fig.4_Roveri-photo.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/10/Fig.3_Pilastro-photo.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/10/Fig.2_Area-identification.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/10/Fig.1_Aereal-view.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/Panorama.bilde_.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/Picture2.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/Picture3.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.1_Maia-Municipality-mapping.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/2.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/12.png
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case study	no	no	yes	no	yes	no	no
PED relevant case study	no	yes	no	yes	no	no	no
PED Lab.	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes	yes
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutrality	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	no
Annual energy surplus	yes	no	yes	no	yes	no	no
Energy community	yes	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
Circularity	yes	no	yes	no	no	no	no
Air quality and urban comfort	no	no	no	no	yes	no	yes
Electrification	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
Net-zero energy cost	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Net-zero emission	yes	no	yes	no	yes	no	yes
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
Maximise self-sufficiency	no	yes	no	no	no	yes	no
Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Other (A1P004)
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab	Implementation Phase	Planning Phase	Implementation Phase	Planning Phase	Implementation Phase	Planning Phase	Implementation Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date	12/18	11/22	11/19	09/19	07/18	10/21	11/19
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date	12/23	11/25	10/25	10/23	08/24	10/24	12/23
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future,		ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities,	GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions,	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods,	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS,
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability	Monitoring data available within the districts, Open data city platform – different dashboards, GIS open datasets	Monitoring data available within the districts, GIS open datasets	Monitoring data available within the districts	Open data city platform – different dashboards, Meteorological open data, General statistical datasets, GIS open datasets		Monitoring data available within the districts, Open data city platform – different dashboards, Meteorological open data, General statistical datasets, GIS open datasets	General statistical datasets
A1P009: Other			https://smartcity-atelier.eu/about/lighthouse-cities/amsterdam/
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab	TNO, Hanze, RUG, Ped noord book	https://greenhubdenmark.dk/en/flexposts/		Boeri, A., Boulanger, S., Turci, G., Pagliula, S. (2021) Strategie e tecnologie abilitanti per PED misti: efficienza tra smart cities e industria 4.0. TECHNE, 22, 180-190, Barroco Fontes Cunha F., Carani C., Nucci C.A., Castro C., Santana Silva M., Andrade Torres E. (2021) Transitioning to a low carbon society through energy communities: Lessons learned from Brazil and Italy, ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE, 2021, 75, 1-19., GRETA Project, Pilastro-Roveri case study. Available at: https://projectgreta.eu/case-study/renewable-energy-district/	https://www.synikia.eu/no/		http://www.ceder.es/redes-inteligentes, O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. Conversion of a network section with loads, storage systems and renewable generation sources into a smart microgrid. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5012. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115012, O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. A Methodology for the Conversion of a Network Section with Generation Sources, Storage and Loads into an Electrical Microgrid Based on Raspberry Pi and Home Assistant. ICSC-Cities 2020, CCIS 1359 proceedings. Springer. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69136-3_1
A1P011: Geographic coordinates
X Coordinate (longitude):	6.535121	10.007	4.9041	11.397323	10.986173354432992	-8.373557	-2.508
Y Coordinate (latitude):	53.234846	57.041028	52.3676	44.507106	59.22429716642046	41.135804	41.603
A1P012: Country
A1P012: Country	Netherlands	Denmark	Netherlands	Italy	Norway	Portugal	Spain
A1P013: City
A1P013: City	Groningen	Aalborg	Amsterdam	Bologna	Fredrikstad	Maia	Lubia - Soria
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).	Cfa	Dfb	Cfb	Cfa	Cfb	Csb	Cfb
A1P015: District boundary
A1P015: District boundary	Functional	Virtual	Functional	Geographic	Geographic	Virtual	Geographic
Other
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:	Mixed	Public	Mixed	Mixed	Private	Public	Public
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:	Multiple Owners	Multiple Owners	Multiple Owners	Multiple Owners	Single Owner	Multiple Owners	Single Owner
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED	7		60	1962	2	22	6
A1P019: Conditioned space
A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]	1.01		28500		3550
A1P020: Total ground area
A1P020: Total ground area [m²]	17.132	31308000		7800000			6400000
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
A1P022: Financial schemes
A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate	yes	no	yes	no	yes	no	no
A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other	yes	no	no	no	no	yes	no
A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding	yes	no	no	yes	no	yes	no
A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding	no	no	no	yes	no	yes	no
A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding	yes	no	no	yes	no	no	no
A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU	yes	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National	no	yes	no	no	no	no	yes
A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional	no	no	no	yes	no	no	yes
A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022: Other
A1P023: Economic Targets
A1P023: Economic Targets	Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production	Positive externalities, Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production	Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production, Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products	Job creation, Positive externalities, Boosting local businesses		Positive externalities, Boosting local and sustainable production	Boosting local and sustainable production, Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
A1P023: Other
A1P024: More comments:
A1P024: More comments:				The Pilastro-Roveri area is a large peri-urban district in the northeast of the city of Bologna (about 650 hectares). In particular, the northern area is mainly characterised by the residential sector of Rione Pilastro, a significant complex of social housing built in the 1960s in response to the housing emergency due to migrations from southern Italy and nowadays satisfying more global migrations. The southern area is instead characterised by the presence of the production district called Roveri. The area appears relevant for the research as it has several evolution potentials towards a climate-neutral district. In particular some key factors are interesting: - the presence of one of the largest photovoltaic parks in Europe on the roofs of CAAB, characterised by a production of 11,350,000 Kw/h of primary energy; - the presence of companies attentive to the issues of climate change and energy, able to act as facilitators for the area. This is the case of FIVE, a leader in the production of electric bicycles, whose plant is the first nZEB (nearly Zero Energy Building) productive building in the city; - the high presence of industrial buildings of different sizes needing a reduction in energy consumption; - the presence of obsolete, sometimes in decay, and of general highly energy-intensive buildings in the Pilastro area, accompanied by spread phenomena of energy poverty; - the presence of spaces that could be converted (e.g. unused warehouses, unexploited green areas, etc.); - the presence of an active community, characterised by numerous associations, but also by social challenges linked to multiple vulnerabilities; - the presence of local actors interested in the development of the area (including the Municipality, the University, Confindustria, ENEA, Confartigianato, etc.). Two main research projects are actually ongoing in the area, applying solutions towards energy improvement and transition strategies to guide the area towards climate neutrality: - GECO - Green Energy Community, funded by EIT Climate-KIC and active since 2019, aims to trigger a virtuous path of energy sharing between companies and citizens through the creation of an energy community. - GRETA - Green Energy Transition Actions, funded by the H2020 programme, aims to understand drivers and barriers on the involvement of citizens in the energy transition processes, by formulating Community Transition Pathways and Energy Citizenship Contracts. [from: Boeri, A., Boulanger, S., Turci, G., Pagliula, S. (2021) Strategie e tecnologie abilitanti per PED misti: efficienza tra smart cities e industria 4.0. TECHNE, 22, 180-190]	The total development consists of more than 1500 dwellings, a kindergarten, a school, and commercial buildings. Two of the residential blocks are included as demonstration projects in syn.ikia. The two blocks have 20 dwellings in each and are 6 stories high.		The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads.
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
Contact person for general enquiries
A1P026: Name	Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops	Kristian Olesen	Omar Shafqat	Prof. Danila Longo	Tonje Healey Trulsrud	Adelina Rodrigues	Dr. Raquel Ramos
A1P027: Organization	Municipality of Groningen	Aalborg University	Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences	University of Bologna - Architecture Department	Norwegian University of Science and technology (NTNU)	Maia Municipality (CM Maia) – Energy and Mobility division	Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT)
A1P028: Affiliation	Municipality / Public Bodies	Research Center / University	Research Center / University	Research Center / University	Research Center / University	Municipality / Public Bodies	Research Center / University
A1P028: Other
A1P029: Email	Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl	Kristian@plan.aau.dk	o.shafqat@hva.nl		tonje.h.trulsrud@ntnu.no	dscm.adelina@cm-maia.pt	raquel.ramos@ciemat.es
Contact person for other special topics
A1P030: Name		Alex Søgaard Moreno	Omar Shafqat			Carolina Gonçalves (AdEPorto)	Dr. Oscar Seco
A1P031: Email		asm@aalborg.dk	o.shafqat@hva.nl			carolinagoncalves@adeporto.eu	oscar.seco@ciemat.es
Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
A2P001: Fields of application
A2P001: Fields of application	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.), Waste management	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.), Digital technologies	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Digital technologies, Water use, Waste management, Construction materials	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Digital technologies, Waste management	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.), Digital technologies, Indoor air quality	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.), Digital technologies	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, Digital technologies, Indoor air quality
A2P001: Other
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields	Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams	Stakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenarios	City vision, Innovation Ateliers	Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax incentives (110%, façade bonus, eco-bonus, sismabonus, renovation bonus, etc.); - several activities - such as Workshops, Webinars, Roundtables, Urban Trekking, etc…- are encouraged in the area to deepen knowledge and raise awareness on energy issues among urban stakeholders (householders, occupants, workers, etc..); - reduction in energy consumption also through every day energy saving actions. The spread of energy poverty phenomena in the area is considered urgent both for the medium-low-income population living in Pilastro and for small and medium-sized enterprises placed in Roveri; - Project for a One-stop-shop to guide residents and enterprises towards more conscious energy behaviours (planned in Bologna SECAP). Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a waste to energy plant connected to the district heating system; - presence of a large PV plant in the CAAB area - 11,350,000 Kw/h Energy flexibility: - testing energy community and collective self-consumption feasibility in Pilastro area through an active citizens involvement process; - testing energy community feasibility among SMEs in Roveri industrial area; - testing the potential of complementary energy consumption profiles between residential area (Pilastro) and industrial area (Roveri). Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviors; - Blog Pilastro as a tool to inform about the main activities and events ongoing in the area; E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services recovery (in fact during Covid-19 in the area Mobike service was suspended) and implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2); - Microclimatic simulation	Energy efficiency: energy-efficient buildings that comply with the Norwegian Passive House standard. Energy Flexibility: sharing of PV energy between the dwellings Energy production: BIPV on the roof and facades, and a ground source heat pump for thermal energy. E-mobility: EV charging Urban comfort: a large green park in the neighbourhood with a small lake and recreational areas Digital technologies: Smart Home Systems for lighting, heating and ventilation Indoor air quality: balanced ventilation	Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic systems for renewable on-site energy production; - installation of a BIPV demonstrator for the City Hall building. Energy flexibility: - implementation of an energy community through an active citizens involvement process. Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviours. [PCP] Through https://balcaodigital.e-redes.pt/consumptions/history “Espaço Municipal” (https://www.espacomunicipal.pt/pt/) might access history of consumption up to midnight of the previous day. E-mobility: - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban comfort and air quality: - Monitoring units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) [PCP] Currently we are monitoring CO, O3, NO2, SO2, noise, PM2.5 and PM10 at a point 267 m east from the four buildings southeast of Sobreiro area:	Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour.
A2P003: Application of ISO52000
A2P003: Application of ISO52000	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance	No	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation	Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.	Large combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic.
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]	2.3	218			0.16
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]	0.33	148			0.053
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P011: PV	no	no	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]					0.18
A2P011: Wind	no	yes	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Hydro	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_el	no	no	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: PVT_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Other	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P012: Geothermal	yes	no	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Solar Thermal	yes	no	no	yes	no	yes	yes
A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_heat	yes	no	yes	yes	no	no	yes
A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]	0.1
A2P012: Waste heat+HP	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]		300
A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: PVT_th	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes	Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers	Very little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid.
A2P014: Annual energy use
A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]		620
A2P015: Annual energy delivered
A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]		399
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]						0
A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P017: Gas	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Coal	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Oil	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Other	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]		300
A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P018: PV	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Wind	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Hydro	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_el	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_peat_el	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: PVT_el	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P019: Geothermal	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Solar Thermal	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_heat	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Waste heat+HP	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: PVT_th	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]			250		-6.035
A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
A2P022: Safety & Security					Personal Safety
A2P022: Health					Healthy community + Indoor Evironmental Quality (indoor air quality, thermal comfort, lighting and visual comfort)
A2P022: Education
A2P022: Mobility					Sustainable mobility
A2P022: Energy					Energy and environmental performance (non-renewable primary energy balance, renewable energy ratio, grid purchase factor, load cover factor/self-generation, supply cover factor/ self-consumption, net energy/net power. peak delivered(peak exported power, connection capacity credit, total greenhouse gas emissions
A2P022: Water
A2P022: Economic development					Economic Performance: capital costs, operational costs, overall performance
A2P022: Housing and Community					demopraphic composiiton, diverse community, social cohesion access to amenities, access to services, afordability of energy, affordability of shousing, living conditions, universal design, energy consciousness
A2P022: Waste
A2P022: Other					Smartness and Flexibility
A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
A2P023: Photovoltaics	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P023: Solar thermal collectors	yes	yes	no	yes	no	yes	yes
A2P023: Wind Turbines	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Geothermal energy system	yes	no	yes	yes	yes	no	yes
A2P023: Waste heat recovery	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Waste to energy	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P023: Polygeneration	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Co-generation	no	no	no	yes	no	no	yes
A2P023: Heat Pump	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P023: Hydrogen	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Hydropower plant	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Biomass	no	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P023: Biogas	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Other
A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)	yes	no	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P024: Energy management system	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	yes	yes
A2P024: Demand-side management	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	no	yes
A2P024: Smart electricity grid	no	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P024: Thermal Storage	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P024: Electric Storage	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	yes
A2P024: District Heating and Cooling	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	no	yes
A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	yes	yes
A2P024: P2P – buildings	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P024: Other
A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
A2P025: Deep Retrofitting	no	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	yes
A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings	yes	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P025: High-performance new buildings	yes	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no
A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)	yes	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P025: Urban data platforms	yes	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)	no	no	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P025: Smart irrigation	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal	no	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P025: Smart surveillance	no	yes	no	yes	no	no	no
A2P025: Other
A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)	no	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P026: e-Mobility	yes	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P026: Car-free area	no	no	yes	no	no	no	yes
A2P026: Other
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates	Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes	Energy Performance Certificate			Energy Performance Certificate for each dwelling	NS3700 Norwegian Passive House	The Municipal Buildings have an energy certificate, according to the Portuguese legislation.	In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates		No		No		No	No
A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy	Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), New development strategies, National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality	Smart cities strategies, Urban Renewal Strategies, New development strategies, National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality	Smart cities strategies, Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), New development strategies, Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract), National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality	Urban Renewal Strategies, Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract), National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality		Urban Renewal Strategies, Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)	Smart cities strategies, New development strategies, Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy		Reduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030		City level targets Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PUMS) - 2019 \| Targets: - by 2030 440,000 daily trips will no longer be made by car but on foot, by bike or by public transport; - by 2030 12% of vehicles will be electric; Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) - 2021 \| Targets: - by 2025 deep renovation of 3% per year of residential homes (insulation of building envelopes and adoption of heat pump heating system); - by 2030 reduction of electricity consumption at least of 20% compared to 2018; - by 2030 100% coverage of electricity consumption for municipal buildings; - by 2030 increase public green areas by at least 10% Urban General Plan (PUG) - 2021 \| Targets: - by 2030 net zero land consumption; National level targets Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan - 2020 \| Targets: - by 2030 reduction of 43% for primary energy consumption, with respect to the reference 2007 scenario. - by 2030 increase of 30% of energy production from renewable sources; - by 2025 energy generation for electricity independent from the use of coal;			- Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation.
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Electrification of Cooking Methods, Biogas	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Biogas	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Electrification of Cooking Methods, Biogas, Hydrogen	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Electrification of Cooking Methods		Other	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Biogas, Hydrogen
A3P003: Other						At a national level there are some studies regarding the decarbonization of the gas grid, but no concrete strategies so far.
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities		Decarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city.		Bologna needs to reach the climate neutrality proceeding by ‘part’ of the city. Pilastro-Roveri is a promising district due to the following reasons: - some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour, spaces liveability and comfort; - Pilastro is a residential area with the presence of a high percentage of vulnerable inhabitants affected by energy poverty phenomenon. This situation needs to be prioritized; - Pilastro is characterized by the presence of large underused green spaces that can represent a valuable resource for social cohesion and for heat island phenomenon mitigation; - Roveri is an industrial area where some small-medium enterprises are investing in order to improve their facilities and to efficiency their production cycle; - Roveri and Pilastro areas present complementary energy consumption curves throughout the day/week with a high potential for energy sharing and flexibility.			- Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested.
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour	In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.	- Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings.		Bologna SECAP, as well as the participation to the 100 Climate-Neutral Cities, promotes the PED model as an enabling tool to foster city energy transition process. In Pilastro-Roveri district two main sustainable behaviours approaches can be identified: - bottom-up approach - some citizens are joining forces to create groups of energy self-consumption, in view of energy communities’ implementation and, at the same time, some companies have already undertaken some efficiency intervention on the production system by leveraging highly energy-efficient technologies; - top-down approach - GECO and GRETA are international ongoing projects on the area that promote innovation and energy transition with important fundings from the European Union, but with a particular focus on citizen engagement and participatory approach. Simultaneously, new and updated planning tools such as PUG, SECAP and SUMP identify in this part of Bologna city a key area to enable an ecological transition process holding together all relevant stakeholders - citizens, small-medium enterprises and Institutions. These two thrusts (bottom-up and top-down) need to be optimized in view of a participatory pathway towards the grounding of a Positive Energy District in Pilastro-Roveri.			- Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems.
A3P006: Economic strategies
A3P006: Economic strategies	Innovative business models, Blockchain	Life Cycle Cost, Circular economy models	Innovative business models, Life Cycle Cost, Circular economy models, Demand management Living Lab, Local trading, Existing incentives	Innovative business models, PPP models, Circular economy models, Demand management Living Lab, Existing incentives		Innovative business models, PPP models, Existing incentives	Demand management Living Lab
A3P006: Other
A3P007: Social models
A3P007: Social models	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Citizen Social Research, Prevention of energy poverty, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Policy Forums, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Behavioural Change / End-users engagement, Citizen Social Research, Social incentives, Quality of Life, Digital Inclusion, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance, Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Behavioural Change / End-users engagement, Citizen Social Research, Policy Forums, Affordability, Prevention of energy poverty, Digital Inclusion, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance, Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)		Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Prevention of energy poverty, Digital Inclusion, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance, Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)	Digital Inclusion, Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
A3P007: Other
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies	Strategic urban planning, District Energy plans, City Vision 2050, SECAP Updates	Strategic urban planning, District Energy plans	Strategic urban planning, Digital twinning and visual 3D models, District Energy plans, City Vision 2050, SECAP Updates, Building / district Certification	Strategic urban planning, Digital twinning and visual 3D models, City Vision 2050, SECAP Updates, Building / district Certification		City Vision 2050, SECAP Updates, Building / district Certification	District Energy plans, Building / district Certification
A3P008: Other
A3P009: Environmental strategies
A3P009: Environmental strategies	Energy Neutral	Energy Neutral, Net zero carbon footprint	Energy Neutral, Life Cycle approach	Energy Neutral, Low Emission Zone, Net zero carbon footprint, Life Cycle approach, Pollutants Reduction, Greening strategies		Energy Neutral, Net zero carbon footprint, Pollutants Reduction	Energy Neutral, Low Emission Zone, Pollutants Reduction, Greening strategies
A3P009: Other
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects	At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity	Current energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their own	Regulatory sandbox	PEDs in Italy are meant as strategies towards climate-neutrality: at national/regional/local level a specific legislation on PEDs development is not yet available. However, the European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (‘Renewable energy’ directive - 2018/2001/EU and ‘Common rules for the internal electricity market’ directive- 2019/944/EU). Italy, starting from 2020, has transposed the Directives at national level (‘Milleproroghe’ decree then made effective by ‘Promotion of Renewable sources’ decree 199/2021). At regional level Emilia Romagna in May 2022 developed a law encouraging EC model diffusion (LR 5/2022 ‘Promotion and support of renewable energy communities and renewable energy self-consumers acting collectively’). Energy Community, according to Lindholm et al. 2021, can be considered as ‘a first implementation step towards PEDs.’			- European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013.
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition		The large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat.	Functional PED	Pilastro-Roveri district can be considered as a PED-relevant area. Even though at the moment the area doesn’t meet annual energy positive balance, it addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability.	The case study follows the concept of syn.ikia with sustainable plus energy neighbourhoods (SPEN) and aims to reach a plus energy balance based on EPB uses on an annual basis.
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development		The area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences.	Brown field development of a former industrial neighbourhood into a low-carbon, smart Positive Energy District with mixed uses.	Pilastro-Roveri district is not actually meant to become a PEDs. However, it can be considered as a PED-relevant case-study since a participatory transition pathway towards a more sustainable, efficient and resilient district is gaining ground, involving the main urban stakeholders. At the same time, the most recent city plan and policies (such as the city SECAPs - updated in 2021) are promoting PED model as a key strategy to guide Bologna towards climate neutrality by 2030.	The developers call their concept for Future Living, where the neighbourhood consist of highly energy-efficient buildings, is supplied with renewable energy onsite and includes green areas for well-being.
B1P003: Environment of the case study area
B2P003: Environment of the case study area		Suburban area	Urban area	Urban area	Suburban area		Rural
B1P004: Type of district
B2P004: Type of district		Renovation	New construction	Renovation	New construction
B1P005: Case Study Context
B1P005: Case Study Context		Retrofitting Area	New Development	Retrofitting Area	New Development
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential		16.931
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P011: Population density before intervention
B1P011: Population density before intervention	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B1P012: Population density after intervention
B1P012: Population density after intervention	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
B1P013: Residential	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Office	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Industry and Utility	no	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no
B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]					whole site was used for idustry and excavation
B1P013: Commercial	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Institutional	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Natural areas	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Recreational	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Dismissed areas	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
B1P014: Residential	no	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no
B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Office	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Industry and Utility	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Commercial	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Institutional	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Natural areas	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Recreational	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Dismissed areas	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition	Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.	An ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area.
B2P002: Installation life time
B2P002: Installation life time	The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.	No new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies.				Permanent installation	CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation.
B2P003: Scale of action
B2P003: Scale	District	District				Virtual	District
B2P004: Operator of the installation
B2P004: Operator of the installation	The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.	Kristian Olesen				CM Maia, IPMAIA, NEW, AdEP.	CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials	Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials	Replication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED.
B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?	No	No				No	No
B2P006: Other
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab	Civic	Civic				Strategic	Strategic
B2P007: Other
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab	Municipality	Research center/University				Municipality	Research center/University
B2P008: Other
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab	Academia, Private, Industrial, Other	Academia, Private				Academia, Private, Industrial, Citizens, public, NGO, Other	Academia, Industrial
B2P009: Other	research companies, monitoring company, ict company					Energy Agency
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities							The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system.
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab	Buildings, Demand-side management, Energy storage, Energy networks, Waste management, Lighting, E-mobility, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Social interactions, Business models					Buildings, Demand-side management, Prosumers, Renewable generation, Energy storage, Efficiency measures, Lighting, E-mobility, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Ambient measures, Social interactions	Buildings, Demand-side management, Prosumers, Renewable generation, Energy storage, Energy networks, Efficiency measures, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Ambient measures, Social interactions
B2P011: Other
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab	Tools for prototyping and modelling					Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure, Tools, spaces, events for testing and validation	Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure, Tools for prototyping and modelling
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people						Depends on the building: _Tecmaia is open to the public but the buildings are for the exclusive use of companies allocated at the industrial site; _The municipal buildings have public access; _The residential buildings have an exclusive use for the residents.
B2P014: Monitoring measures
B2P014: Monitoring measures	Execution plan, Available data, Type of measured data, Equipment, Level of access					Execution plan, Available data, Type of measured data	Equipment
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
B2P015: Key Performance indicators	Energy, Social, Economical / Financial					Energy, Environmental, Social, Economical / Financial	Energy, Environmental, Economical / Financial
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P016: Execution of operations						Current PED status (WP5 SPARCS): Conceptualization and methodology definition of the (virtual) PED for Maia Municipality with real monitoring and assessment in order to replicate and scale up to a city-level PED. The financial investments were already targeted.
B2P017: Capacities
B2P017: Capacities						_Energy production and storage, _Monitoring; _Digitization.	- Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product.
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders						The relationship with stakeholders (municipal companies, industry, citizens, etc) has been fundamental for the definition of the PED. In this sense, some sessions were organized to gather different points of view in order to trace the best path for the PED. Also, the participation of Maia Municipality in EU projects, as EHHUR and OMEGA-X, makes possible the share of knowledge between different partners.	CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions.
B2P019: Available tools
B2P019: Available tools	Energy modelling, Social models, Business and financial models					Energy modelling, Social models, Business and financial models, Fundraising and accessing resources, Matching actors	Energy modelling
B2P019: Available tools
B2P020: External accessibility
B2P020: External accessibility							CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements.
C1P001: Unlocking Factors
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits	5 - Very important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)	4 - Important	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
C1P002: Driving Factors
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment	4 - Important	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P002: Economic growth need	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)	Earthquakes due to gas extraction
C1P003: Administrative barriers
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P003: Lack of public participation	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
C1P004: Policy barriers
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P005: Regulatory instability	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Non-effective regulations	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
C1P006: Environmental barriers
C1P006: Environmental barriers							3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Technical barriers
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Deficient planning	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
C1P008: Inertia	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P008: Rebound effect	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
C1P010: Financial barriers
C1P010: Hidden costs	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P010: Economic crisis	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
C1P011: Market barriers
C1P011: Split incentives	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P011: Energy price distortion	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
C1P012: Stakeholders involved
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation		Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation		Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Research & Innovation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management		Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation	Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management		Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Financial/Funding	Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			None
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data	Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management		Construction/implementation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management			Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Business process management	Planning/leading			None			Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Urban Services providers	Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management			Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation			Planning/leading
C1P012: Real Estate developers	Construction/implementation			None	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management		None
C1P012: Design/Construction companies	Construction/implementation			Construction/implementation	Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation		Construction/implementation
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens	None		Design/demand aggregation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management			Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation			Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation			None
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management		Construction/implementation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management			Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Other					Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation
C1P012: Other (if any)
Summary

Authors (framework concept)

Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

Contributors (to the content)

Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

Implemented by

Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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Action Details