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NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Uncompare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Ankara, Çamlık District
«×»
Tartu, City centre area
«×»
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres
«×»
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal
«×»
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthAnkara, Çamlık DistrictTartu, City centre areaDistrict Heating Pozo Barredo, MieresInnsbruck, Campagne-ArealRiga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesnononoyes
PED relevant case studynoyesyesyesyesno
PED Lab.yesnoyesnonono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesyesnononono
Energy communityyesyesnononoyes
Circularityyesnoyesnonono
Air quality and urban comfortnononononono
Electrificationnoyesyesnonono
Net-zero energy costnoyesnononono
Net-zero emissionyesyesyesnoyesno
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nononononoyes
Maximise self-sufficiencynoyesyesnonoyes
Othernononoyesnono
Other (A1P004)Energy efficient; Carbon-free
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhasePlanning PhaseImplementation PhaseCompletedCompletedPlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1810/2202/1612/1704/1601/24
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2309/2507/2204/1904/2212/26
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
A1P011: Geographic coordinates
X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512132.79536926.722737-5.77497111.42434673814025624.08168339
Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484639.88181258.38071343.24314247.27147078672910456.95245956
A1P012: Country
A1P012: CountryNetherlandsTurkeyEstoniaSpainAustriaLatvia
A1P013: City
A1P013: CityGroningenAnkaraTartuMieresInnsbruckRiga
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaDsbDfbCsbDfbCfb
A1P015: District boundary
A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicFunctionalGeographicGeographic
Other
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedPrivatePrivatePrivateMixedPublic
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple Owners
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED725718415
A1P019: Conditioned space
A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.01226003521722277170000
A1P020: Total ground area
A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.1325080079314411351119264
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area000021
A1P022: Financial schemes
A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnoyesnonono
A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]6500000
A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenononononono
A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnonononono
A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonoyesnonono
A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]4000000
A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnoyesnonono
A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]8000000
A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnononononono
A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnonoyesnono
A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]25000000
A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernononononono
A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesyesnononoyes
A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]7500000
A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnoyesnonoyesno
A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnononononono
A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernononononono
A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022: Other
A1P023: Economic Targets
A1P023: Economic Targets
  • Boosting local businesses,
  • Boosting local and sustainable production
  • Boosting local and sustainable production
  • Positive externalities
  • Job creation,
  • Other
  • Boosting local businesses,
  • Boosting local and sustainable production
A1P023: OtherCreate affordable appartments for the citizens
A1P024: More comments:
A1P024: More comments:The urban morphology of Çamlık District differs in several ways, compared with the typical urban fabric in Türkiye, along with the capital city of Ankara. The houses on the site are composed of three-story attached single-housing units with multiple rows, creating a total of 257 housing units in total. Low-rise buildings coupled with suitably oriented rooftop surfaces brings about significant advantages in the site. Dense greenery in the site also results in reduced cooling energy demand in the buildings.Owners are two local social housing companies. The complete district will consist 4 building blocks, from which only the first one with 4 building is ready built and occupied. At the end, it would be a district of ca. 1100 flats in 16 buildings with 78000 m2
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]25
Contact person for general enquiries
A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsProf. Dr. İpek Gürsel DİNOJaanus TammChristoph GollnerGeorgios DermentzisJudith Stiekema
A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenMiddle East Technical UniversityTartu City GovernmentFFGUniversity of InnsbruckOASC
A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityMunicipality / Public BodiesOtherResearch Center / UniversityOther
A1P028: Othernot for profit private organisation
A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlipekg@metu.edu.trJaanus.tamm@tartu.eechristoph.gollner@ffg.atGeorgios.Dermentzis@uibk.ac.atjudith@oascities.org
Contact person for other special topics
A1P030: NameAssoc. Prof. Onur TaylanKaspar Alev
A1P031: Emailotaylan@metu.edu.trKaspar.alev@tartu.ee
Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYes
A2P001: Fields of application
A2P001: Fields of application
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Waste management
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy production,
  • Construction materials
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Digital technologies,
  • Indoor air quality
  • Energy efficiency
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy production,
  • Indoor air quality
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Digital technologies
A2P001: Other
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsThe energy consumption and efficiency of the energy model of Çamlık Site, created using EnergyPlus software, have been evaluated under the scenarios specified below. At each stage, a new system was incorporated to explore the potential of the area becoming a PED. In this context, four scenarios were created to compare different energy scenarios for the Ankara pilot area and to observe the impact of the included systems on energy efficiency: V_base; V_ER; V_ER,HP; V_ER,HP,PV. The basic scenario (V_base) was created using the current state without any improvement to the building envelope. This scenario was developed to determine the annual energy needs of the entire site without any intervention and serves as a reference point for the other developed models. The second scenario (V_ER) was created to improve the building envelopes of all residential units in the area, altering the U-values according to Türkiye's current building standards (TS-825). The third scenario (V_ER,HP) primarily includes a heat pump model that can use electrical energy to produce higher thermal energy and is added on top of the improvements in the second scenario. Finally, the V_ER,HP,PV scenario combines building envelope improvements, the heat pump, and the solar PV system.Energy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP)The buildings are designed based on Passive House standards and dynamic building and system simulations are performed to optimise the HVAC systems, that are a ground-water heat pump for space heating and district heating for domestic hot water preparation. Photovoltaic systems are installed in the available roof spaces, however, more renewable sources are required due to very large number of apartments (very high density) to reach PED, and thus, simulation studies are performed.A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices.
A2P003: Application of ISO52000
A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoYesNoNoNo
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesYesYesYes
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoNoYes
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.Mobility is not included in the calculations.The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus.
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.33.4469.10.398000
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.330.5280.6555000
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P011: PVnoyesyesnoyesno
A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]3.42400.42
A2P011: Windnononononoyes
A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Hydronononononono
A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_elnononononono
A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnononononono
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: PVT_elnononononoyes
A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Othernononononono
A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P012: Geothermalyesnonononono
A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnoyesnonono
A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.5
A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnonononoyes
A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnonononono
A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnononononono
A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: PVT_thyesnonononono
A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnononononono
A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Othernononononono
A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centersConventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES.
A2P014: Annual energy use
A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]3.9760.96
A2P015: Annual energy delivered
A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]-2
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P017: Gasnoyesnononoyes
A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Coalnononononono
A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Oilnononononono
A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Othernononononono
A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P018: PVnononononono
A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Windnononononono
A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Hydronononononono
A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_elnononononono
A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnononononono
A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: PVT_elnononononono
A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Othernononononono
A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P019: Geothermalnononononono
A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Solar Thermalnononononono
A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_heatnononononono
A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Waste heat+HPnononononono
A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnononononono
A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: PVT_thnononononono
A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnononononono
A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Othernononononono
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary000000
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]980
A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
A2P022: Safety & Security
A2P022: Healthindoor air quility (indoor CO2 concentration) - measured on the extract air of the mechanical ventilation system. Relative humidity to avoid mold.
A2P022: Education
A2P022: Mobility
A2P022: EnergySpace heating demand, thermal energy delivered by district heating, electricity of the heat pump, thermal losses of the pipes, and PV production.
A2P022: Water
A2P022: Economic development
A2P022: Housing and Community
A2P022: Waste
A2P022: Other
A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesyesyesnoyesno
A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnonononono
A2P023: Wind Turbinesnononononono
A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesnonoyesnono
A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnonononono
A2P023: Waste to energyyesnonononono
A2P023: Polygenerationnononononono
A2P023: Co-generationnononononono
A2P023: Heat Pumpyesyesnonoyesno
A2P023: Hydrogennononononono
A2P023: Hydropower plantnononononono
A2P023: Biomassnonoyesnonono
A2P023: Biogasnonoyesnonono
A2P023: Other
A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesnoyesnonoyes
A2P024: Energy management systemyesnoyesnonoyes
A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnonononoyes
A2P024: Smart electricity gridnononononoyes
A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnononoyesyes
A2P024: Electric Storageyesnonononoyes
A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnoyesyesyesyes
A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnonononoyes
A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonononoyesno
A2P024: Other
A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnoyesyesnonono
A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnonononono
A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesnononoyesno
A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnoyesnonono
A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnoyesnonoyes
A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnonoyesnonoyes
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesnonoyesyes
A2P025: Smart irrigationnononononono
A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnononononono
A2P025: Smart surveillancenonoyesnonono
A2P025: Other
A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nonoyesnonono
A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nonoyesnonono
A2P026: e-Mobilityyesnoyesnonono
A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnononononono
A2P026: Car-free areanononononono
A2P026: Other
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesNoYesYesNo
A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateTwo buildings are certified "Passive House new build"
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNo
A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
  • New development strategies,
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.)
  • Urban Renewal Strategies
  • Smart cities strategies
  • Smart cities strategies,
  • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
  • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
  • Biogas
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
  • Biogas,
  • Hydrogen
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
  • Other
A3P003: OtherDistrict heating based mainly on heat pumps and renewable sources
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesAccording to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary with heat pumps. Rooftop photovoltaic panels also have the potential for renewable energy generation. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity through this scenario.The priority was to eliminate the CO2 emissions by optimizing the building envelope and the heating systems.
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.
A3P006: Economic strategies
A3P006: Economic strategies
  • Innovative business models,
  • Blockchain
  • Innovative business models,
  • PPP models,
  • Life Cycle Cost,
  • Existing incentives
  • Innovative business models
  • Open data business models,
  • Innovative business models,
  • Demand management Living Lab
A3P006: Other
A3P007: Social models
A3P007: Social models
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Citizen Social Research,
  • Prevention of energy poverty,
  • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Affordability
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
  • Citizen Social Research,
  • Policy Forums,
  • Social incentives,
  • Quality of Life,
  • Prevention of energy poverty,
  • Digital Inclusion,
  • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
  • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Social incentives,
  • Affordability,
  • Prevention of energy poverty,
  • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
A3P007: Other
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
  • Strategic urban planning,
  • District Energy plans,
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
  • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
  • District Energy plans
  • Strategic urban planning,
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
  • Digital twinning and visual 3D models
A3P008: Other
A3P009: Environmental strategies
A3P009: Environmental strategies
  • Energy Neutral
  • Energy Neutral,
  • Low Emission Zone
  • Net zero carbon footprint,
  • Carbon-free,
  • Pollutants Reduction,
  • Greening strategies,
  • Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS),
  • Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
  • Carbon-free
  • Energy Neutral,
  • Low Emission Zone
  • Energy Neutral
A3P009: OtherEnergy Positive, Low Emission Zone
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionÇamlık District, unlike many other districts in Ankara, has a specific urban morphology that draws near the other pilot zones considered by the partners of PED-ACT. The site has three-storey single housing units, along with a fair amount of greenery around. Furthermore, the roof areas enable large amounts of PV installment, which results in higher amounts of local renewable energy potential. Therefore, the district is a good fit for PED development.Extremely low building energy demand, the electric energy of the heat pump used for space heating is significantly lower compared to thermal energy for the domestic hot water preparation.ExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs.
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentPED-ACT project.Since it is an urban area, with high building and apartment density, the need for CO2 reduction is quite relevant and thus, in new built, the minimization of CO2 emissions is crucial.Expected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions.
B1P003: Environment of the case study area
B2P003: Environment of the case study areaSuburban areaUrban areaSuburban areaUrban areaUrban area
B1P004: Type of district
B2P004: Type of district
  • Renovation
  • Renovation
  • Renovation
  • New construction
B1P005: Case Study Context
B1P005: Case Study Context
  • Retrofitting Area
  • Retrofitting Area
  • Retrofitting Area
  • Re-use / Transformation Area,
  • New Development
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P006: Year of construction19862022
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential4500
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential780
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P011: Population density before intervention
B1P011: Population density before intervention000000
B1P012: Population density after intervention
B1P012: Population density after intervention00000.0687164126508680
B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
B1P013: Residentialnoyesyesnonono
B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]50800
B1P013: Officenononononono
B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Industry and Utilitynononononono
B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Commercialnonoyesnonono
B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Institutionalnononoyesnono
B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Natural areasnonoyesnonono
B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Recreationalnonoyesnonono
B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Dismissed areasnononononono
B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Othernononoyesnono
B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
B1P014: Residentialnoyesyesnoyesno
B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]50800
B1P014: Officenononononono
B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Industry and Utilitynononononono
B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Commercialnonoyesnoyesno
B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Institutionalnononoyesyesno
B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Natural areasnonoyesnonono
B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Recreationalnonoyesnoyesno
B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Dismissed areasnononononono
B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Othernononoyesnono
B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
B2P002: Installation life time
B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
B2P003: Scale of action
B2P003: ScaleDistrictDistrictDistrict
B2P004: Operator of the installation
B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNo
B2P006: Other
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
  • Civic
  • Strategic
B2P007: Other
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityMunicipality
B2P008: Other
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
  • Academia,
  • Private,
  • Industrial,
  • Other
  • Academia,
  • Private,
  • Industrial,
  • Citizens, public, NGO
B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
  • Buildings,
  • Demand-side management,
  • Energy storage,
  • Energy networks,
  • Waste management,
  • Lighting,
  • E-mobility,
  • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
  • Social interactions,
  • Business models
  • Buildings,
  • Prosumers,
  • Renewable generation,
  • Energy networks,
  • Lighting,
  • E-mobility,
  • Green areas,
  • User interaction/participation,
  • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
B2P011: Other
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
  • Tools for prototyping and modelling
  • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
  • Pivoting and risk-mitigating measures
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P014: Monitoring measures
B2P014: Monitoring measures
  • Execution plan,
  • Available data,
  • Type of measured data,
  • Equipment,
  • Level of access
  • Available data,
  • Life Cycle Analysis
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
  • Energy,
  • Social,
  • Economical / Financial
  • Energy,
  • Sustainability,
  • Social,
  • Economical / Financial
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P017: Capacities
B2P017: Capacities
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P019: Available tools
B2P019: Available tools
  • Energy modelling,
  • Social models,
  • Business and financial models
  • Social models
B2P019: Available tools
B2P020: External accessibility
B2P020: External accessibility
C1P001: Unlocking Factors
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
C1P002: Driving Factors
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
C1P003: Administrative barriers
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
C1P004: Policy barriers
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
C1P006: Environmental barriers
C1P006: Environmental barriers- Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Water Scarcity: 1 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1Urban area very high buildings (and apartment) density and thus, less available space for renewable sources.
C1P007: Technical barriers
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
C1P010: Financial barriers
C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
C1P011: Market barriers
C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
C1P012: Stakeholders involved
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading
  • Planning/leading
C1P012: Research & Innovation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Financial/Funding
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Business process management
  • Planning/leading
  • Planning/leading
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Urban Services providers
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Construction/implementation
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Real Estate developers
  • Construction/implementation
  • None
  • Planning/leading
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: Design/Construction companies
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading
  • Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: Other
C1P012: Other (if any)
Summary

Authors (framework concept)

Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

Contributors (to the content)

Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

Implemented by

Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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COST

COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

PED-EU-NET

The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

Action Details

Grant Holder
Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

Start of Action: 10 September 2020
End of Action: 09 September 2024
CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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