| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tartu, Estonia | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aveiro, Portugal | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Győr Geothermal District Heating Project | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| SmartEnCity, Lecce | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| STARDUST, Trento | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| mySMARTlife, Helsinki | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sinfonia, Bolzano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hunziker Areal, Zürich | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sharing Cities, Milano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Otaniemi, Espoo | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zukunftsquartier, Vienna | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Barrio La Pinada, Paterna | PED Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Võru +CityxChange | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Furuset project, Oslo | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Laser Valley – Land of Lights | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Ydalir project | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fornebu, Bærum | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fleuraye west, Carquefou | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Energy Åland | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Groningen, PED North | Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | Ankara, Çamlık District | Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Groningen, PED North | Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | Ankara, Çamlık District | Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
|
| |||
| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||
| PED case study | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| PED relevant case study | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| PED Lab. | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| Energy community | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | no | no | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Electrification | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | yes | no |
| Net-zero emission | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | yes | no | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| Other | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Other (A1P004) | Net-zero emission; Annual energy surplus | ||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Implementation Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | |||||
| A1P006: Start date | 12/18 | 01/24 | 2022 | 10/22 | |
| A1P007: End Date | |||||
| A1P007: End date | 12/23 | 12/26 | 09/25 | ||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||
| A1P009: Data availability | |||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | |||||
| A1P010: Sources | |||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
| ||||
| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | |||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 6.535121 | 24.08168339 | 14.09296 | 32.795369 | 12.318458 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 53.234846 | 56.95245956 | 50.13715 | 39.881812 | 51.326492 |
| A1P012: Country | |||||
| A1P012: Country | Netherlands | Latvia | Czech Republic | Turkey | Germany |
| A1P013: City | |||||
| A1P013: City | Groningen | Riga | Kladno | Ankara | Leipzig |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Cfa | Cfb | Cfb | Dsb | Dfb |
| A1P015: District boundary | |||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Functional |
| Other | V1* (ca 8 buildings) | Geographic | |||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Mixed | Public | Mixed | Private | |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 7 | 15 | 8 | 257 | 2 |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | |||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 1.01 | 170000 | 22600 | 17000 | |
| A1P020: Total ground area | |||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 17.132 | 119264 | 50800 | 30000 | |
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 7500000 | ||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||
| A1P022: Other | |||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | Sustainable and replicable business models regarding renewable energy systems | ||||
| A1P024: More comments: | |||||
| A1P024: More comments: | The urban morphology of Çamlık District differs in several ways, compared with the typical urban fabric in Türkiye, along with the capital city of Ankara. The houses on the site are composed of three-story attached single-housing units with multiple rows, creating a total of 257 housing units in total. Low-rise buildings coupled with suitably oriented rooftop surfaces brings about significant advantages in the site. Dense greenery in the site also results in reduced cooling energy demand in the buildings. | ||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | |||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | |||||
| A1P026: Name | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Judith Stiekema | David Škorňa | Prof. Dr. İpek Gürsel DİNO | Simon Baum |
| A1P027: Organization | Municipality of Groningen | OASC | Město Kladno | Middle East Technical University | CENERO Energy GmbH |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | Other | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Other |
| A1P028: Other | not for profit private organisation | CENERO Energy GmbH | |||
| A1P029: Email | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | judith@oascities.org | david.skorna@mestokladno.cz | ipekg@metu.edu.tr | sib@cenero.de |
| Contact person for other special topics | |||||
| A1P030: Name | Michal Kuzmič | Assoc. Prof. Onur Taylan | Simon Baum | ||
| A1P031: Email | michal.kuzmic@cvut.cz | otaylan@metu.edu.tr | sib@cenero.de | ||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P001: Fields of application | |||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
|
|
|
|
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| A2P001: Other | |||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices. | Trnsys, PV modelling tools, CAD | The energy consumption and efficiency of the energy model of Çamlık Site, created using EnergyPlus software, have been evaluated under the scenarios specified below. At each stage, a new system was incorporated to explore the potential of the area becoming a PED. In this context, four scenarios were created to compare different energy scenarios for the Ankara pilot area and to observe the impact of the included systems on energy efficiency: V_base; V_ER; V_ER,HP; V_ER,HP,PV. The basic scenario (V_base) was created using the current state without any improvement to the building envelope. This scenario was developed to determine the annual energy needs of the entire site without any intervention and serves as a reference point for the other developed models. The second scenario (V_ER) was created to improve the building envelopes of all residential units in the area, altering the U-values according to Türkiye's current building standards (TS-825). The third scenario (V_ER,HP) primarily includes a heat pump model that can use electrical energy to produce higher thermal energy and is added on top of the improvements in the second scenario. Finally, the V_ER,HP,PV scenario combines building envelope improvements, the heat pump, and the solar PV system. | |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | No | Yes | |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | No | No | |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus. | Not yet included. | Mobility is not included in the calculations. | |
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 8000 | 1.4 | 3.446 | 1.65 |
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.33 | 5000 | 0.3 | 0.528 | |
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||
| A2P011: PV | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 1.1 | 3.4240 | |||
| A2P011: Wind | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | ||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 1.7 | ||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | Conventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES. | Waste heat from cooling the ice rink. | ||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 2.1 | 3.976 | 2.421 | ||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | -104 | ||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | |||||
| A2P022: Health | |||||
| A2P022: Education | |||||
| A2P022: Mobility | |||||
| A2P022: Energy | Energy demand (heating and hot water), Energy demand (cooling), Cooling demand, Distributin losses, PV production, RES production, OER, Primafry Non-renewable energy balance, AMR, HMR, CO2 balance | apply | |||
| A2P022: Water | |||||
| A2P022: Economic development | Investment cost, Caputal cost, Operation cost, payback period, NPV, cummulated cash flow, savings, Life cycle, ROI, SROI | ||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | |||||
| A2P022: Waste | |||||
| A2P022: Other | |||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | |||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | |||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | |||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Other | |||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | Test-Concept for bidirectional charging. | ||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate | National standards apply. | |||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | No | No | No | ||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | |||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | Carbon neutrality 2050 | ||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | |||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | According to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary with heat pumps. Rooftop photovoltaic panels also have the potential for renewable energy generation. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity through this scenario. | ||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | ||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | operational savings through efficiency measures | ||||
| A3P007: Social models | |||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | |||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | |||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | Energy Positive, Low Emission Zone | Positive Energy Balance for the demo site | |||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | ||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | ExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs. | Onsite Energy Ratio > 1 | Çamlık District, unlike many other districts in Ankara, has a specific urban morphology that draws near the other pilot zones considered by the partners of PED-ACT. The site has three-storey single housing units, along with a fair amount of greenery around. Furthermore, the roof areas enable large amounts of PV installment, which results in higher amounts of local renewable energy potential. Therefore, the district is a good fit for PED development. | ||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | Expected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions. | Strategic, economic | PED-ACT project. | ||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Urban area | Urban area | Suburban area | ||
| B1P004: Type of district | |||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 1986 | ||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||
| B1P013: Residential | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 50800 | ||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Commercial | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Recreational | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||
| B1P014: Residential | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 50800 | ||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Commercial | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Recreational | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | ||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | |||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | ||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | |||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | ||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | ||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | ||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | ||||
| B2P006: Other | |||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | |||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | ||||
| B2P008: Other | |||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | ||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | |||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||
| B2P019: Available tools | |||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | |||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | Collaboration with the local partners | ||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | ||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | Fragmented financial support; lack of experimental budget for complex projects, etc. | ||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | Different priorities; overall problematic system od decentralization powers; non-fuctioning model of local development funding, etc. | ||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | |||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | - Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Water Scarcity: 1 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1 | ||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | Inadequate regulation towards energy transition | ||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | |||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | |||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | |||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | |||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | |||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other | |||||
| C1P012: Other (if any) | |||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
