PED DB: Case Studies – PED-EU-NET

Filters:

Name	Project	Type	Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED	ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED	InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Munich, Harthof district		PED Case Study	Compare
Lublin	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran	CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116	CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Findhorn, the Park	InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study	Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED	ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities	PED Case Study	Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study	Compare
Aalborg East		PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Trenčín	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf	LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis	NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Zaragoza, Actur	NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand	BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city	ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Case Study	Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus	LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Kera	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation	PED Relevant Case Study	Uncompare
Freiburg, Waldsee	PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district	PED Case Study	Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal		PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe		PED Case Study	Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad	ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge		PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district		PED Case Study	Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark		PED Case Study	Compare
Évora, Portugal	POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework	PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Groningen, PED South	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Lab	Compare
Groningen, PED North	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Lab	Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT		PED Lab	Uncompare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district	STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future	PED Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Salzburg, Gneis district	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Uncompare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods	PED Case Study	Compare
Tartu, City centre area	SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe	PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab	Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district	GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab		PED Lab	Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Case Study	Compare
Kifissia, Energy community	SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS	PED Relevant Case Study	Compare

Title	Groningen, PED North	Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT «×»	City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block «×»	Salzburg, Gneis district «×»	Trenčín «×»	Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio «×»	Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city «×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab	Groningen, PED North	Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT	City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block	Salzburg, Gneis district	Trenčín	Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio	Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/09/netherlands.JPG, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/09/netherlands2.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/2.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/12.png	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.4_Lippulaiva_Source-Citycon.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.3_Lippulaiva_Source-Citycon.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.2_Lippulaiva-blocks-with-different-building-types-highlighted_Source-Citycon.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.1_Espoonlahti-Lippulaiva-blocks-highlighted_Satellite-image.png	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.2_Aerial-view_©Gneis-Salzburg-SIR.jpg, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2022/08/Fig.1_Visualisation_©Gneis-Salzburg-SIR.jpg	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/Picture1.png	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/05/Picture1.png	https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/ExPEDite-Leaflet-2024-05_LOWRES-1.pdf, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/DJI_0147-resized.png, https://pedeu.net/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-d6faa0a14b046858c1437faa1e19090d/2024/07/DJI_0146-resized.png
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case study	no	no	yes	yes	yes	no	yes
PED relevant case study	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
PED Lab.	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutrality	yes	no	no	yes	yes	yes	yes
Annual energy surplus	yes	no	no	yes	yes	yes	no
Energy community	yes	no	no	yes	yes	yes	yes
Circularity	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
Air quality and urban comfort	no	yes	no	yes	no	no	no
Electrification	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
Net-zero energy cost	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Net-zero emission	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	no
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)	no	yes	no	no	yes	no	yes
Maximise self-sufficiency	no	no	yes	no	no	yes	yes
Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
Other (A1P004)
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab	Implementation Phase	Implementation Phase	In operation	Completed	Planning Phase	Planning Phase	Planning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date	12/18	11/19	06/18	01/20	06/19		01/24
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date	12/23	12/23	03/22	01/24	11/23		12/26
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future,		SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS,	Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods,	MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future,	PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation,	ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins,
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability	Monitoring data available within the districts, Open data city platform – different dashboards, GIS open datasets	General statistical datasets	General statistical datasets	Monitoring data available within the districts	GIS open datasets	Open data city platform – different dashboards	Monitoring data available within the districts, Meteorological open data, General statistical datasets, GIS open datasets
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab	TNO, Hanze, RUG, Ped noord book	http://www.ceder.es/redes-inteligentes, O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. Conversion of a network section with loads, storage systems and renewable generation sources into a smart microgrid. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5012. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115012, O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. A Methodology for the Conversion of a Network Section with Generation Sources, Storage and Loads into an Electrical Microgrid Based on Raspberry Pi and Home Assistant. ICSC-Cities 2020, CCIS 1359 proceedings. Springer. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69136-3_1	M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf, Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf, www.lippulaiva.fi	https://www.synikia.eu/neighbourhoods/demo-neighbourhood-austria/	https://makingcity.eu/trencin/		https://expedite-project.eu/
A1P011: Geographic coordinates
X Coordinate (longitude):	6.535121	-2.508	24.6543	13.041216	18.046870515442922	15.394495	24.08168339
Y Coordinate (latitude):	53.234846	41.603	60.1491	47.771019	48.899251380340274	60.486609	56.95245956
A1P012: Country
A1P012: Country	Netherlands	Spain	Finland	Austria	Slovakia	Sweden	Latvia
A1P013: City
A1P013: City	Groningen	Lubia - Soria	Espoo	Salzburg	Trencin	Borlänge	Riga
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).	Cfa	Cfb	Dfb	Dfb	Cfb	Dsb	Cfb
A1P015: District boundary
A1P015: District boundary	Functional	Geographic	Geographic	Geographic	Functional	Geographic	Geographic
Other
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:	Mixed	Public	Private	Mixed	Mixed	Mixed	Public
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:	Multiple Owners	Single Owner	Single Owner	Single Owner	Multiple Owners	Single Owner	Multiple Owners
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED	7	6	9	17	10	10	15
A1P019: Conditioned space
A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]	1.01		112000	199762	2000	3700	170000
A1P020: Total ground area
A1P020: Total ground area [m²]	17.132	6400000	165000		75000	9945	119264
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
A1P022: Financial schemes
A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate	yes	no	yes	no	yes	no	no
A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding	no	no	no	no	yes	no	no
A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding	yes	no	no	no	yes	no	no
A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other	no	no	no	no	yes	no	no
A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU	yes	no	yes	yes	no	no	yes
A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]			308875				7500000
A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022: Other
A1P023: Economic Targets
A1P023: Economic Targets	Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production	Boosting local and sustainable production, Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products	Job creation, Positive externalities, Boosting local businesses	Positive externalities, Other	Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production	Positive externalities, Boosting local businesses, Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products	Boosting local businesses, Boosting local and sustainable production
A1P023: Other				Boosting social cooperation and social aid
A1P024: More comments:
A1P024: More comments:		The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads.	The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]					0
Contact person for general enquiries
A1P026: Name	Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops	Dr. Raquel Ramos	Elina Ekelund	Abel Magyari	Vladimír Škola	Jingchun Shen	Judith Stiekema
A1P027: Organization	Municipality of Groningen	Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT)	Citycon Oyj	ABUD	City of Trencin	Högskolan Dalarna	OASC
A1P028: Affiliation	Municipality / Public Bodies	Research Center / University	SME / Industry	Research Center / University	Other	Research Center / University	Other
A1P028: Other					Project Manager		not for profit private organisation
A1P029: Email	Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl	raquel.ramos@ciemat.es	Elina.ekelund@citycon.com	magyari.abel@abud.hu	vladimir.skola@trencin.sk	jih@du.se	judith@oascities.org
Contact person for other special topics
A1P030: Name		Dr. Oscar Seco	Elina Ekelund	Strassl Ingeborg	Vladimír Škola	Xingxing Zhang
A1P031: Email		oscar.seco@ciemat.es	Elina.ekelund@citycon.com	inge.strassl@salzburg.gv.at	vladimir.skola@trencin.sk	xza@du.se
Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
A2P001: Fields of application
A2P001: Fields of application	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.), Waste management	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, Digital technologies, Indoor air quality	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Digital technologies	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Construction materials	Energy efficiency, Energy flexibility, Energy production, E-mobility, Digital technologies
A2P001: Other
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields	Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams	Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour.	Energy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric	- Dynamic district, and building scale energy modelling - Microclimate modelling - Klimaaktiv certification system - Energy community - Flexibility with shared heating and electricity systems		Load calculation and system optimisation: City Energy Analyst Identification of stranded assets for asset owners and investors to understand the carbon risks: CRREM	A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices.
A2P003: Application of ISO52000
A2P003: Application of ISO52000	No	No	Yes	Yes		No	No
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance	No	Yes	Yes	No		Yes	Yes
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance	No	No	No	No		No	Yes
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation	Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.		Mobility is not included in the energy model.				The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus.
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]	2.3		5.5			0.6777	8000
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]	0.33		5.8			0.03656	5000
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]						0
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]						0
A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P011: PV	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]			0.54	0.7770664
A2P011: Wind	no	yes	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Hydro	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_el	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: PVT_el	no	no	no	no	no	yes	yes
A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]						0.01818
A2P011: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P012: Geothermal	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]			5
A2P012: Solar Thermal	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_heat	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]	0.1
A2P012: Waste heat+HP	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: PVT_th	yes	no	no	no	no	yes	no
A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]						0.0825
A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Other	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes	Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers						Conventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES.
A2P014: Annual energy use
A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]			11.3	0.819016		0.318
A2P015: Annual energy delivered
A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]			5.76			0.2055
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]			0	-1		0
A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P017: Gas	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]			0
A2P017: Coal	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]			0
A2P017: Oil	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]			0
A2P017: Other	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]						0
A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P018: PV	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Wind	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Hydro	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_peat_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: PVT_el	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Other	no	no	yes	no	no	yes	no
A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]			5.26			0.187
A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P019: Geothermal	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Solar Thermal	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_heat	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Waste heat+HP	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: PVT_th	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Other	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]						0
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary	0	0	1.0532319391635	0	0	0.53839572192513	0
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]			0			6.93
A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
A2P022: Safety & Security						none
A2P022: Health				CO2) levels, Predicted Mean Vote,Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied, Temperature, Relative Humidity, Illuminance, Daylight factor, Sound pressure levels		thermal comfort diagram
A2P022: Education						none
A2P022: Mobility						none
A2P022: Energy			On-site energy ratio	Non-renewable primary energy balance, Renewable energy ratio, Grid Purchase factor, Load cover factor/Self-generation, Supply cover factor/Self-consumption, Net energy/Net power, Peak delivered/exported power, Connection capacity credit, Total greenhouse gas emissions		normalized CO2/GHG & Energy intensity
A2P022: Water
A2P022: Economic development				Investment costs, Share of investments covered by grants, Maintenance-related costs, Requirement-related costs, Operation-related costs, Other costs, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Economic Value Added, Payback Period, nZEB Cost Comparison		cost of excess emissions
A2P022: Housing and Community				Access to services, Affordability of energy, Affordability of housing, Democratic legitimacy, Living conditions, Social cohesion, Personal safety, Energy consciousness
A2P022: Waste
A2P022: Other
A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
A2P023: Photovoltaics	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P023: Solar thermal collectors	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes	no
A2P023: Wind Turbines	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Geothermal energy system	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	no
A2P023: Waste heat recovery	yes	yes	yes	no	no	yes	no
A2P023: Waste to energy	yes	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Polygeneration	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Co-generation	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Heat Pump	yes	yes	no	no	no	yes	no
A2P023: Hydrogen	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Hydropower plant	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Biomass	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Biogas	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P023: Other
A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)	yes	yes	yes	no	no	yes	yes
A2P024: Energy management system	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	no	yes
A2P024: Demand-side management	yes	yes	no	yes	no	no	yes
A2P024: Smart electricity grid	no	yes	yes	yes	no	no	yes
A2P024: Thermal Storage	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	yes	yes
A2P024: Electric Storage	yes	yes	yes	no	yes	no	yes
A2P024: District Heating and Cooling	yes	yes	no	no	yes	yes	yes
A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems	yes	yes	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P024: P2P – buildings	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
A2P024: Other
A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
A2P025: Deep Retrofitting	no	yes	no	no	yes	yes	no
A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings	yes	no	no	no	yes	no	no
A2P025: High-performance new buildings	yes	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)	yes	no	yes	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Urban data platforms	yes	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens	no	no	no	no	no	no	yes
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)	no	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
A2P025: Smart irrigation	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Smart surveillance	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P025: Other
A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P026: e-Mobility	yes	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
A2P026: Car-free area	no	yes	no	no	no	no	no
A2P026: Other			Local transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes				Shared mobility: a mobility point will be implemented and ensure the flexible use of different mobility services.	SUMP AVAILABLE
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		No	No
A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes	Energy Performance Certificate	In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling	Energy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version)	Energy Performance Certificate
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates		No	Yes	Yes		No	No
A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes			LEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD)	Klimaaktiv certificate, Greenpass certificate
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy	Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), New development strategies, National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality	Smart cities strategies, New development strategies, Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)	Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.), New development strategies, Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract), National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality			Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)	Smart cities strategies, Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC), Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract), National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy		- Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation.	Relevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels.			The study aligns closely with the decarbonisation and energy reduction pathways of residential multi family buildings with 1.5°C global warming target in Sweden. This study will also contribute to the achievement of the carbon neturality of whole Borlänge city by 2030.
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Electrification of Cooking Methods, Biogas	Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps, Biogas, Hydrogen		Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
A3P003: Other					SECAP developed in 2023
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities		- Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested.	- Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district.		SELF SUSTAINABILITY, SELF EFFICIENCY	In our project, we carried out a comprehensive exploration of strategies to achieve positive energy districts in a Swedish residential portfolio. The focus on urban energy transitions necessitates a holistic approach that integrates building retrofit, solar technology exploration, and heating supply optimisation. Exploration of Local Solar Sources: The analysis reveals varying solar irradiance resources throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of strategic placement. Integration of combined photovoltaic and thermal panels into building envelopes demonstrates the potential to cover a significant portion of the energy demand even in Sweden. Heating Supply Optimisation with Solar Technologies: Despite the surplus energy production from on-site solar technology, challenges arise due to temporal energy asymmetry. The introduction of heat pumps emerges as a feasible solution to balance energy gaps, utilising both rejected and free heat. Optimisation scenarios, utilising a combination of geothermal heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and PVT, showcase remarkable reductions in emissions and primary energy consumption. Urban Form and Energy Infrastructure Design: We realised the importance of returning to urban form and energy infrastructure design to optimise future residential portfolio potential. Building layout design, influenced by zoning regulations and innovative typologies, plays a crucial role in achieving district level energy efficiency. Future challenges, including demographic shifts, e-mobility, and climate change, necessitate a more holistic approach to energy infrastructure design, addressing not only heating and electricity demands but also cooling requirements.
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour	In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.	- Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems.	For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners.		BASED ON SECAP DEVELOPED IN 2023	While our investigation primarily centres on technical optimisation within Positive Energy District (PED) development, it is essential to acknowledge the broader scope encompassing social and governance dimensions. Specifically, understanding stakeholders' willingness to embrace technical recommendations upon project completion is important. Several potential influencing factors merit exploration, including economic considerations, technical optimisation-associated embodied carbon balance, the general public's technical perceptions, and operational feasibility. Evaluating these aspects holistically not only enhances the efficacy of PED initiatives but also fosters greater acceptance and participation within the communities they serve.
A3P006: Economic strategies
A3P006: Economic strategies	Innovative business models, Blockchain	Demand management Living Lab	Innovative business models	Innovative business models, Local trading		Open data business models, Life Cycle Cost, Circular economy models, Local trading	Open data business models, Innovative business models, Demand management Living Lab
A3P006: Other
A3P007: Social models
A3P007: Social models	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies, Citizen Social Research, Prevention of energy poverty, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance	Digital Inclusion, Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)	Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Behavioural Change / End-users engagement, Social incentives, Quality of Life, Strategies towards social mix, Affordability, Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance		Strategies towards (local) community-building, Behavioural Change / End-users engagement, Social incentives, Affordability, Digital Inclusion	Strategies towards (local) community-building, Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
A3P007: Other
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies	Strategic urban planning, District Energy plans, City Vision 2050, SECAP Updates	District Energy plans, Building / district Certification	Building / district Certification	Building / district Certification		Strategic urban planning, Digital twinning and visual 3D models, District Energy plans, Building / district Certification	Digital twinning and visual 3D models
A3P008: Other
A3P009: Environmental strategies
A3P009: Environmental strategies	Energy Neutral	Energy Neutral, Low Emission Zone, Pollutants Reduction, Greening strategies	Other	Energy Neutral, Low Emission Zone		Low Emission Zone, Net zero carbon footprint, Life Cycle approach, Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS)	Energy Neutral
A3P009: Other			Carbon free in terms of energy
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects	At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity	- European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013.	- Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition			Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production.		GOOD MIX OF PUBLIC PRIVATE BUILDINGS	The Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Sweden presents a compelling case study for its classification as a PED-related research, given its alignment with sustainable behaviours and overarching PED development principles as follows: Inclusivity and Social Equity: The residential portfolio situated in Rymdgatan caters primarily to a low-income community. By focusing on this demographic, the project addresses critical aspects of social equity within sustainable urban development. Ensuring access to energy-efficient housing and amenities for economically disadvantaged populations not only fosters social cohesion but also mitigates energy poverty, a pressing concern in many urban contexts. Multifamily Residential Building: The inclusion of multifamily residential buildings within the portfolio underscores a commitment to density and efficient land use, both essential components of sustainable urban design. Such developments promote resource optimisation by consolidating housing units, thereby reducing per capita energy consumption and infrastructure demands. Moreover, multifamily dwellings often facilitate community engagement and shared resource management, fostering a culture of sustainability among residents. Low Carbon Retrofitting and Transition: The overarching initiative to transition the entire Jakobsgårdarna district. The included Rymdgatan portfolio, towards low carbon retrofitting, represents a significant example of decarbonization and climate resilience. By integrating energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions into existing infrastructure, the project not only reduces carbon emissions but also serves as a blueprint for revitalising old urban environments sustainably. This holistic approach to retrofitting demonstrates a systemic commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term sustainability. Climate Adaptation and Renewable Energy Integration: Despite Sweden's climatic challenges, including lower solar resources during winter months, the Rymdgatan project leverages its geographical context to optimize renewable energy utilization. Sweden's greater solar resource availability during summer and geothermal potentials complement the design's emphasis on seasonal energy planning, where surplus energy generated during peak periods can be stored or redistributed efficiently. By embracing climate-responsive design strategies, the project demonstrates resilience in the face of climate variability while harnessing renewable energy potential effectively.	ExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs.
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development			- Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders		Replication of unique PED know how	Borlänge city has committed to become the carbon-neutral city by 2030.	Expected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions.
B1P003: Environment of the case study area
B2P003: Environment of the case study area		Rural	Urban area	Suburban area	Urban area	Urban area	Urban area
B1P004: Type of district
B2P004: Type of district			New construction	New construction	New construction, Renovation	Renovation
B1P005: Case Study Context
B1P005: Case Study Context			Re-use / Transformation Area, New Development	New Development	Retrofitting Area	Re-use / Transformation Area, Retrofitting Area
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P006: Year of construction			2022	2024		1990
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential						100
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential						100
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential						6
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential						6
B1P011: Population density before intervention
B1P011: Population density before intervention	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
B1P012: Population density after intervention
B1P012: Population density after intervention	0	0	0	0	0	0.010658622423328	0
B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
B1P013: Residential	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]						4360
B1P013: Office	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Industry and Utility	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Commercial	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Institutional	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Natural areas	no	no	yes	yes	no	no	no
B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Recreational	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Dismissed areas	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Other	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]						706
B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
B1P014: Residential	no	no	yes	yes	no	yes	no
B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]						4360
B1P014: Office	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Industry and Utility	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Commercial	no	no	yes	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Institutional	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Natural areas	no	no	no	yes	no	no	no
B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Recreational	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Dismissed areas	no	no	no	no	no	no	no
B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Other	no	no	no	no	no	yes	no
B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]						706
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition	Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
B2P002: Installation life time
B2P002: Installation life time	The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.	CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation.
B2P003: Scale of action
B2P003: Scale	District	District
B2P004: Operator of the installation
B2P004: Operator of the installation	The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.	CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials	Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?	No	No
B2P006: Other
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab	Civic	Strategic
B2P007: Other
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab	Municipality	Research center/University
B2P008: Other
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab	Academia, Private, Industrial, Other	Academia, Industrial
B2P009: Other	research companies, monitoring company, ict company
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities		The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system.
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab	Buildings, Demand-side management, Energy storage, Energy networks, Waste management, Lighting, E-mobility, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Social interactions, Business models	Buildings, Demand-side management, Prosumers, Renewable generation, Energy storage, Energy networks, Efficiency measures, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Ambient measures, Social interactions
B2P011: Other
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab	Tools for prototyping and modelling	Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure, Tools for prototyping and modelling
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P014: Monitoring measures
B2P014: Monitoring measures	Execution plan, Available data, Type of measured data, Equipment, Level of access	Equipment
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
B2P015: Key Performance indicators	Energy, Social, Economical / Financial	Energy, Environmental, Economical / Financial
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P017: Capacities
B2P017: Capacities		- Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product.
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders		CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions.
B2P019: Available tools
B2P019: Available tools	Energy modelling, Social models, Business and financial models	Energy modelling
B2P019: Available tools
B2P020: External accessibility
B2P020: External accessibility		CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements.
C1P001: Unlocking Factors
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts	4 - Important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)	5 - Very important	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)	4 - Important	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
C1P002: Driving Factors
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	5 - Very important
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P002: Economic growth need	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)	Earthquakes due to gas extraction
C1P003: Administrative barriers
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of public participation	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
C1P004: Policy barriers
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies	4 - Important	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P005: Regulatory instability	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Non-effective regulations	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
C1P006: Environmental barriers
C1P006: Environmental barriers		3 - Moderately important				2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Technical barriers
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P007: Deficient planning	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	4 - Important
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability	4 - Important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
C1P008: Inertia	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Rebound effect	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation	4 - Important	4 - Important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
C1P010: Financial barriers
C1P010: Hidden costs	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	2 - Slightly important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	4 - Important
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Economic crisis	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models	3 - Moderately important	2 - Slightly important	4 - Important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives	2 - Slightly important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
C1P011: Market barriers
C1P011: Split incentives	5 - Very important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	3 - Moderately important
C1P011: Energy price distortion	4 - Important	5 - Very important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	4 - Important	5 - Very important
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)	4 - Important	2 - Slightly important	3 - Moderately important	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important	5 - Very important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	1 - Unimportant	3 - Moderately important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
C1P012: Stakeholders involved
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading
C1P012: Research & Innovation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management	Design/demand aggregation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation			Planning/leading	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Financial/Funding	Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation	None	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			None	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data	Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management	Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management			None	Planning/leading, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Business process management	Planning/leading	Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			None	Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Urban Services providers	Design/demand aggregation, Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading	None			None	Planning/leading, Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Real Estate developers	Construction/implementation	None	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management			Design/demand aggregation	Construction/implementation
C1P012: Design/Construction companies	Construction/implementation	Construction/implementation	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			None	Construction/implementation
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens	None	Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management			Monitoring/operation/management	Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation	None	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation			Monitoring/operation/management	Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management	Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management	Planning/leading, Design/demand aggregation, Construction/implementation, Monitoring/operation/management			None	Construction/implementation
C1P012: Other
C1P012: Other (if any)
Summary

Authors (framework concept)

Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

Contributors (to the content)

Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

Implemented by

Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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Action Details