| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Uncompare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Uncompare |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Groningen, PED North | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Tartu, City centre area | Salzburg, Gneis district | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Graz, Reininghausgründe | Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | Groningen, PED South | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Groningen, PED North | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Tartu, City centre area | Salzburg, Gneis district | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Graz, Reininghausgründe | Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | Groningen, PED South | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||||||
| PED case study | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes |
| PED relevant case study | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| PED Lab. | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| Annual energy surplus | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| Energy community | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Electrification | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| Net-zero emission | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Other (A1P004) | |||||||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | Completed | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | Completed | Implementation Phase | In operation |
| A1P006: Start Date | |||||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 12/18 | 11/19 | 02/16 | 01/20 | 2019 | 01/18 | 12/18 | 06/18 | |
| A1P007: End Date | |||||||||
| A1P007: End date | 12/23 | 12/23 | 07/22 | 01/24 | 2025 | 06/23 | 12/23 | 03/22 | |
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | |||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | |||||||||
| A1P010: Sources | |||||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | |||||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 6.535121 | -2.508 | 26.722737 | 13.041216 | 15.3969 | 15.407440 | 10.5333 | 6.590655 | 24.6543 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 53.234846 | 41.603 | 58.380713 | 47.771019 | 48.2752 | 47.0607 | 59.9100 | 53.204087 | 60.1491 |
| A1P012: Country | |||||||||
| A1P012: Country | Netherlands | Spain | Estonia | Austria | Austria | Austria | Norway | Netherlands | Finland |
| A1P013: City | |||||||||
| A1P013: City | Groningen | Lubia - Soria | Tartu | Salzburg | Schönbühel an der Donau | Graz | Bærum | Groningen | Espoo |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Cfa | Cfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Cfa | Dfb |
| A1P015: District boundary | |||||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Functional | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Other | Functional | Geographic |
| Other | Building | ||||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Mixed | Public | Private | Mixed | Private | Mixed | Public | Mixed | Private |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Single Owner |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 7 | 6 | 18 | 17 | 0 | 100 | 1 | 4 | 9 |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | |||||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 1.01 | 35217 | 199762 | 477 | 7.86 | 112000 | |||
| A1P020: Total ground area | |||||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 17.132 | 6400000 | 793144 | 2450 | 1000000 | 45.093 | 165000 | ||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 6500000 | ||||||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 4000000 | ||||||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 8000000 | ||||||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 308875 | ||||||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||
| A1P022: Other | |||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | Boosting social cooperation and social aid | Social housing | |||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | |||||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads. | The “Reininghausgründe” are a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. In the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. It will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well. Some key-energy aspects: • characteristic 1: For the heat supply in the innovative Reininghaus energy model, low-temperature waste heat from a nearby steel plant is harnessed through the use of heat pumps. • characteristic 2: The district heating system operates at low temperatures. • characteristic 3: Generated heat that is not used immediately is stored in the power tower and supplied on demand. Other important aspects of the project are the following: • characteristic 1: Most houses are low-energy houses, some of the certified with the “Klima Aktiv” label • characteristic 2: There are extremely few parking possibilities for residents and visitors; this will foster the use of public transport and bikes • characteristic 3: All the necessary infrastructure for the “daily need” can be reached within walking distance The area of the project is going to be very “green” when finished. Featuring a big district parc, lots of other green spaces are in planning. | The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs | ||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 25 | ||||||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | |||||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Dr. Raquel Ramos | Jaanus Tamm | Abel Magyari | Ghazal Etminan | Katharina Schwarz | John Einar Thommesen | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Elina Ekelund |
| A1P027: Organization | Municipality of Groningen | Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT) | Tartu City Government | ABUD | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | StadtLABOR, Innovationen für urbane Lebensqualität GmbH | SINTEF Community | Municipality of Groningen | Citycon Oyj |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | SME / Industry | Municipality / Public Bodies | Municipality / Public Bodies | SME / Industry |
| A1P028: Other | |||||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | raquel.ramos@ciemat.es | Jaanus.tamm@tartu.ee | magyari.abel@abud.hu | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | katharina.schwarz@stadtlaborgraz.at | john.thommesen@sintef.no | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com |
| Contact person for other special topics | |||||||||
| A1P030: Name | Dr. Oscar Seco | Kaspar Alev | Strassl Ingeborg | Hans Schnitzer | John Einar Thommesen | Elina Ekelund | |||
| A1P031: Email | oscar.seco@ciemat.es | Kaspar.alev@tartu.ee | inge.strassl@salzburg.gv.at | hans.schnitzer@stadtlaborgraz.at | john.thommesen@sintef.no | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | |||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | |||||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | Urban Management; Air Quality | ||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour. | Energy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP) | - Dynamic district, and building scale energy modelling - Microclimate modelling - Klimaaktiv certification system - Energy community - Flexibility with shared heating and electricity systems | Energy modeling | Energy efficiency: o Several activities: Workshops, Webinars to deepen the knowledge and raise awareness renewable energies o for example rooftop Photovoltaics green & blue infrastructures o Parks, Rooftop Gardens, Quarter Parks, Water elements included in the parks rooftop farming o To produce vegetables in the quarter stormwater management mobility o less parking and less cars in the district. Solutions for boosting public transport with sponsored public transport tickets; building of better bike and pedestrian infrastructure social aspects o district management was established in the district local supply of goods of daily need o Schools within 15 minutes walking distance Supermarkets and other shops within the district | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | Energy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric | |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | - Number of cars per household - Fraction of electric cars - Number of public transport tickets (week/ annual tickets) | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | Mobility is not included in the energy model. | |||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 9.1 | 0.066 | 1.86 | 5.5 | ||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.33 | 0.012 | 1.45 | 5.8 | |||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||
| A2P011: PV | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.7770664 | 0.54 | |||||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | yes | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 5 | ||||||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.5 | ||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | ||||||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | Groundwater (used for heat pumps) | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | ||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 0.819016 | 0.079 | 11.3 | ||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 0.0011 | 5.76 | |||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | -1 | 0 | |||||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 5.26 | ||||||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0532319391635 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 980 | 4 | 0.036 | 0 | |||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | |||||||||
| A2P022: Health | CO2) levels, Predicted Mean Vote,Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied, Temperature, Relative Humidity, Illuminance, Daylight factor, Sound pressure levels | ||||||||
| A2P022: Education | |||||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | x | ||||||||
| A2P022: Energy | Non-renewable primary energy balance, Renewable energy ratio, Grid Purchase factor, Load cover factor/Self-generation, Supply cover factor/Self-consumption, Net energy/Net power, Peak delivered/exported power, Connection capacity credit, Total greenhouse gas emissions | x | On-site energy ratio | ||||||
| A2P022: Water | x | ||||||||
| A2P022: Economic development | Investment costs, Share of investments covered by grants, Maintenance-related costs, Requirement-related costs, Operation-related costs, Other costs, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Economic Value Added, Payback Period, nZEB Cost Comparison | x | |||||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | Access to services, Affordability of energy, Affordability of housing, Democratic legitimacy, Living conditions, Social cohesion, Personal safety, Energy consciousness | Specify the associated KPIs | x | ||||||
| A2P022: Waste | |||||||||
| A2P022: Other | |||||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | |||||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | |||||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | |||||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Other | Local transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries | ||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | Shared mobility: a mobility point will be implemented and ensure the flexible use of different mobility services. | - Multimodal mobility nodes - Support of public transport tickets - Mobility consulting - District management | |||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate | In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling | Energy Performance Certificate | Energieausweis mandatory if buildings/ flats/ apartments are sold | Energy Performance Certificate | Energy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version) | |||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | ||||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Klimaaktiv certificate, Greenpass certificate | Klimaaktiv standard Voluntary! Certification can be for buildings and/or quarters. The different quarters are built in different standards. Ranging from bronze/silver/gold | LEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD) | ||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | - Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation. | City level targets Klimaschutzplan Graz - 2022 | Targets: - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Social justice and high quality of life - High innovation levels Mobilitätsplan Graz 2040 – under development | Targets: - Modal Split 80:20 until 2040 80% Public transport, bike, walking | 20% cars Kommunales Energiekonzept (2017) | Targets: - Increase of district heating Energiemasterplan Graz (2018) | Targets: - Energy efficiency of urban dwellings and infrastructures - District heating and solar energy - Energy efficiency of private dwellings - Climate conscious mobility National level targets Klimaschutzplan Österreich -draft, expected by 2024 | Targets: - Decarbonisation (reduction of GHG, renewable energies, - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Energy efficiency - Security of energy supply | Relevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels. | ||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | |||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | - Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested. | Reininghaus needs green spaces and places Sector coupling of water, waste water, electricity ICT and demand side management Mobility - Reininghaus needs better infrastructure for bikes and pedestrians - Public transportation should be more affordable and Sharing should be implemented in the district Infrastructure should cover daily needs within walking distance Infrastructure for local jobs and shared offices | Nursing home for people with special needs | - Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district. | |||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | - Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems. | - citizen participation and promotion of functioning neighbourhoods (e.g., through city district management) As of today, solutions for the energy transition in the residential sector have focused on the construction of energy-efficient buildings and on the energy-efficient refurbishment of existing buildings. Measures to influence user behaviour and to directly address residents and neighbourhoods as actors of the energy transition play a minor role and are also not formalized. At the same time, moving into a new apartment offers a ‘window of opportunity’ to establish new everyday practices and behaviour. In already inhabited housing developments, well-functioning neighbourhoods or existing, ‘sustainability pioneers’ are key to motivating people to adopt more resource-efficient lifestyles. In order to prepare such agents of change towards more climate protection and sustainability in the context of housing, Austria launched the BAREWO project. The aim is to develop a kit of formats, methods, and interventions for resource-efficient housing. This toolkit will be tested in six testbeds, among which quarter 12 (Q12) of Graz- Reininghaus, as soon as first residents move in (approx. 2024). Austrian TRANS-PED partner StadtLABOR, which is also a partner in the BAREWO project, will support Q12 in this process. In parallel, a monitoring system will be developed to make the (climate) effects of the kit measurable. In addition, a guideline for property managers will be developed, which will serve as an orientation for them on how their residents can be coached in matters of climate protection and sustainability in everyday (residential) life. From the very beginning, (communication) measures are implemented and relevant stakeholders are involved in the project (project advisory board) to ensure the multiplicability, financing and broad application of the toolkit. If successful, the toolkit could also be scaled up to other quarters in Reininghaus. | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners. | ||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | |||||||||
| A3P007: Social models | |||||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | |||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | |||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | PEB | Carbon free in terms of energy | |||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | - European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013. | Mobility contracts: A mobility contract is concluded between the City of Graz and the property developers in the course of development plans and serves to reduce the motor vehicle traffic to be expected as a result of the construction project. Push & pull measures are agreed: With a lower car parking space key, which is significantly lower than today's usual requirements, offers and information for easier use of public transport, walking and cycling, as well as car sharing and e-mobility are simultaneously created by the property developers, leading to a win-win-win situation for all parties involved. Basic principles - Possibility of combining effective "push & pull" measures => control option (e.g. reduction of car parking spaces, but optimisation of accessibility to public transport and walking and cycling networks, public transport tickets, mobility information, ... etc.) - Changing mobility behaviour in favour of sustainable forms of transport from the moment the flat is handed over ("upheaval" in personal mobility behaviour when changing the residential location) - Reduction in construction and maintenance costs (underground car parks, public road infrastructure) - Easier realisation of larger construction projects in the inner city area with lower generation of vehicle demand Städtebauliche Verträge in Graz / Urban development contracts in Graz Qualitative urban (neighbourhood) development with added value for all stakeholders: urban development contracts are modern instruments in the development of cities and neighbourhoods. As one of the pioneers in this field, the City of Graz also increasingly favours this form of quality assurance. Urban development contracts are a contractual form of regulation between the City of Graz and landowners, which enables flexible control of urban (sub)development in the interests of the common interests while at the same time relieving the public authorities. The contracts make property-related stipulations in accordance with urban planning requirements (e.g. urban development concept, development concept, framework plan, zoning plan) and the specialist planning requirements in particular infrastructure, development, design and mobility. This is intended to infrastructure, services of general interest, building land quality and settlement development required for the (parts of the) city. | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | - Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021 | ||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | Reininghaus addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability. | PEB | Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production. | ||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | The Reininghausgründe is a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. On the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. The quarter will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the historical city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well. | - Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders | |||||||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Rural | Urban area | Suburban area | Rurban | Urban area | Urban area | Urban area | ||
| B1P004: Type of district | |||||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 2024 | 2025 | 2022 | ||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 4500 | 0 | |||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 10000 | ||||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | 0 | ||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||||||
| B1P013: Residential | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||||||
| B1P014: Residential | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | |||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | |||||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation. | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | ||||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | |||||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | District | District | District | |||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | ||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | |||||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | No | No | No | |||||
| B2P006: Other | |||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | |||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | Research center/University | Municipality | Municipality | |||||
| B2P008: Other | |||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | |||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system. | ||||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | |||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | - Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product. | ||||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions. | ||||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements. | ||||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | |||||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | 3 - Moderately important | ||||||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | |||||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other |
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| C1P012: Other (if any) | |||||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
