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NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Uncompare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Uncompare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Uncompare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Uncompare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district
«×»
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center
«×»
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district
«×»
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT
«×»
Salzburg, Gneis district
«×»
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark
«×»
Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark
«×»
Oulu, Kaukovainio
«×»
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthBologna, Pilastro-Roveri districtEspoo, Leppävaara district, Sello centerLeipzig, Baumwollspinnerei districtLubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMATSalzburg, Gneis districtVienna, Am KempelenparkAalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, DenmarkOulu, KaukovainioIzmir, District of Karşıyaka
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynonoyesyesnoyesyesnoyesyes
PED relevant case studynoyesnononononoyesnono
PED Lab.yesnononoyesnonoyesnono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesyesyesnoyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesnonononoyesyesnonoyes
Energy communityyesyesnononoyesnononono
Circularityyesnononononononoyesno
Air quality and urban comfortnononoyesyesyesnononoyes
Electrificationnononoyesnonononoyesno
Net-zero energy costnononononononononoyes
Net-zero emissionyesnononoyesnonononono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonononoyesnonononono
Maximise self-sufficiencynonoyesnonononoyesnoyes
Othernononoyesnononononono
Other (A1P004)Net-zero emission; Annual energy surplus
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhasePlanning PhaseImplementation PhaseImplementation PhaseImplementation PhaseCompletedPlanning PhasePlanning PhaseIn operationPlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1809/1909/1911/1901/2007/1611/2210/22
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2310/2310/2212/2301/2402/2511/2510/25
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • General statistical datasets
  • General statistical datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
A1P009: OtherOther
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
  • Boeri, A., Boulanger, S., Turci, G., Pagliula, S. (2021) Strategie e tecnologie abilitanti per PED misti: efficienza tra smart cities e industria 4.0. TECHNE, 22, 180-190,
  • Barroco Fontes Cunha F., Carani C., Nucci C.A., Castro C., Santana Silva M., Andrade Torres E. (2021) Transitioning to a low carbon society through energy communities: Lessons learned from Brazil and Italy, ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE, 2021, 75, 1-19.,
  • GRETA Project, Pilastro-Roveri case study. Available at: https://projectgreta.eu/case-study/renewable-energy-district/
  • M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf,
  • Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf
    • http://www.ceder.es/redes-inteligentes,
    • O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. Conversion of a network section with loads, storage systems and renewable generation sources into a smart microgrid. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5012. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115012,
    • O. Izquierdo-Monge, Paula Peña-Carro et al. A Methodology for the Conversion of a Network Section with Generation Sources, Storage and Loads into an Electrical Microgrid Based on Raspberry Pi and Home Assistant. ICSC-Cities 2020, CCIS 1359 proceedings. Springer. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69136-3_1
    A1P011: Geographic coordinates
    X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512111.39732324.810112.318458-2.50813.04121616.39529210.00725.51759508409350727.110049
    Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484644.50710660.217951.32649241.60347.77101948.17359857.04102864.9928809817313238.496054
    A1P012: Country
    A1P012: CountryNetherlandsItalyFinlandGermanySpainAustriaAustriaDenmarkFinlandTurkey
    A1P013: City
    A1P013: CityGroningenBolognaEspooLeipzigLubia - SoriaSalzburgViennaAalborgOuluİzmir
    A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
    A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaCfaDfbDfbCfbDfbCwbDfbDfcCsa
    A1P015: District boundary
    A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicGeographicFunctionalGeographicGeographicGeographicVirtualGeographic
    OtherGeographicRegional (close to virtual)
    A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
    A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedMixedPublicMixedPrivatePublicMixedPrivate
    A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
    A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerSingle OwnerSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple Owners
    A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
    A1P018: Number of buildings in PED71962526176621
    A1P019: Conditioned space
    A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.012679561700019976219700102795
    A1P020: Total ground area
    A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.132780000053000300006400000313080006000032600
    A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
    A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0051000003
    A1P022: Financial schemes
    A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnononononononoyesno
    A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenononononononononono
    A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnonononononononono
    A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnononononononononono
    A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesyesnononononononono
    A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnoyesnononononononono
    A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesyesnonononononoyesno
    A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernononononononononono
    A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesyesyesnonoyesnonoyesyes
    A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]6290001193355
    A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononoyesnonoyesnoyes
    A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnoyesnonoyesnonononono
    A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernononononononononono
    A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022: Other
    A1P023: Economic Targets
    A1P023: Economic Targets
    • Boosting local businesses,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Job creation,
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local businesses
    • Job creation,
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local businesses
    • Boosting local and sustainable production,
    • Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
    • Positive externalities,
    • Other
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local businesses,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    A1P023: OtherSustainable and replicable business models regarding renewable energy systemsBoosting social cooperation and social aidDeveloping and demonstrating new solutions
    A1P024: More comments:
    A1P024: More comments:The Pilastro-Roveri area is a large peri-urban district in the northeast of the city of Bologna (about 650 hectares). In particular, the northern area is mainly characterised by the residential sector of Rione Pilastro, a significant complex of social housing built in the 1960s in response to the housing emergency due to migrations from southern Italy and nowadays satisfying more global migrations. The southern area is instead characterised by the presence of the production district called Roveri. The area appears relevant for the research as it has several evolution potentials towards a climate-neutral district. In particular some key factors are interesting: - the presence of one of the largest photovoltaic parks in Europe on the roofs of CAAB, characterised by a production of 11,350,000 Kw/h of primary energy; - the presence of companies attentive to the issues of climate change and energy, able to act as facilitators for the area. This is the case of FIVE, a leader in the production of electric bicycles, whose plant is the first nZEB (nearly Zero Energy Building) productive building in the city; - the high presence of industrial buildings of different sizes needing a reduction in energy consumption; - the presence of obsolete, sometimes in decay, and of general highly energy-intensive buildings in the Pilastro area, accompanied by spread phenomena of energy poverty; - the presence of spaces that could be converted (e.g. unused warehouses, unexploited green areas, etc.); - the presence of an active community, characterised by numerous associations, but also by social challenges linked to multiple vulnerabilities; - the presence of local actors interested in the development of the area (including the Municipality, the University, Confindustria, ENEA, Confartigianato, etc.). Two main research projects are actually ongoing in the area, applying solutions towards energy improvement and transition strategies to guide the area towards climate neutrality: - GECO - Green Energy Community, funded by EIT Climate-KIC and active since 2019, aims to trigger a virtuous path of energy sharing between companies and citizens through the creation of an energy community. - GRETA - Green Energy Transition Actions, funded by the H2020 programme, aims to understand drivers and barriers on the involvement of citizens in the energy transition processes, by formulating Community Transition Pathways and Energy Citizenship Contracts. [from: Boeri, A., Boulanger, S., Turci, G., Pagliula, S. (2021) Strategie e tecnologie abilitanti per PED misti: efficienza tra smart cities e industria 4.0. TECHNE, 22, 180-190]The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads.
    A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
    A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]5
    Contact person for general enquiries
    A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsProf. Danila LongoJaano JuhmenSimon BaumDr. Raquel RamosAbel MagyariGerhard HoferKristian OlesenSamuli RinneOzlem Senyol
    A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenUniversity of Bologna - Architecture DepartmentSIEMENS - Data Center ForumCENERO Energy GmbHCentre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT)ABUDe7 energy innovation & engineeringAalborg UniversityCity of OuluKarsiyaka Municipality
    A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversitySME / IndustryOtherResearch Center / UniversityResearch Center / UniversitySME / IndustryResearch Center / UniversityMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public Bodies
    A1P028: OtherCENERO Energy GmbH
    A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlJaano.juhmen@siemens.comsib@cenero.deraquel.ramos@ciemat.esmagyari.abel@abud.hugerhard.hofer@e-sieben.atKristian@plan.aau.dksamuli.rinne@ouka.fiozlemkocaer2@gmail.com
    Contact person for other special topics
    A1P030: NameSimon BaumDr. Oscar SecoStrassl IngeborgAlex Søgaard MorenoSamuli RinneHasan Burak Cavka
    A1P031: Emailsib@cenero.deoscar.seco@ciemat.esinge.strassl@salzburg.gv.atasm@aalborg.dksamuli.rinne@ouka.fihasancavka@iyte.edu.tr
    Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
    A2P001: Fields of application
    A2P001: Fields of application
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
    • Waste management
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Digital technologies,
    • Waste management
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • Digital technologies,
    • Indoor air quality
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy production,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
    • Digital technologies,
    • Waste management
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
    • Digital technologies
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Digital technologies,
    • Water use,
    • Indoor air quality
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.)
    A2P001: Other
    A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
    A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax incentives (110%, façade bonus, eco-bonus, sismabonus, renovation bonus, etc.); - several activities - such as Workshops, Webinars, Roundtables, Urban Trekking, etc…- are encouraged in the area to deepen knowledge and raise awareness on energy issues among urban stakeholders (householders, occupants, workers, etc..); - reduction in energy consumption also through every day energy saving actions. The spread of energy poverty phenomena in the area is considered urgent both for the medium-low-income population living in Pilastro and for small and medium-sized enterprises placed in Roveri; - Project for a One-stop-shop to guide residents and enterprises towards more conscious energy behaviours (planned in Bologna SECAP). Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a waste to energy plant connected to the district heating system; - presence of a large PV plant in the CAAB area - 11,350,000 Kw/h Energy flexibility: - testing energy community and collective self-consumption feasibility in Pilastro area through an active citizens involvement process; - testing energy community feasibility among SMEs in Roveri industrial area; - testing the potential of complementary energy consumption profiles between residential area (Pilastro) and industrial area (Roveri). Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviors; - Blog Pilastro as a tool to inform about the main activities and events ongoing in the area; E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services recovery (in fact during Covid-19 in the area Mobike service was suspended) and implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2); - Microclimatic simulationEnergy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour.- Dynamic district, and building scale energy modelling - Microclimate modelling - Klimaaktiv certification system - Energy community - Flexibility with shared heating and electricity systemsStakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenariosDifferent kinds of waste heat streams are utilized by heat pumps. These are district heating return water (actually this is an indirect way to cool down the flue gas in the scrubber), ventilation exhaust air and sewage water. As a normal case, in ventilation also air-to-air heat exchanges are used. PV power is harvested also, in vertical and more horizontal panels. Buildings are well insulated to decrease the needed amount of heating energy in the first place.Methods involve studying the feasibility of digital PED references for the case cities about their energy, environmental, and economic performance by EnergyPlus tool. In case of insufficient energy data and the need of high resolution data, ‘Gaussian mixture model and expectation-maximization algorithm’ and ‘time-series decomposition-recombination’ method will be used to supplement data to EnergyPlus. The feasibility results will be returned to stakeholders for iterative discussion, and the iterative results will be used to update digital references. Replication plans are developed based on such a cooperation process for strategies to implement PEDs. If a PED is demonstrated during the project period, the measured data will be used to verify the feasibility model to optimize previous results (WP7– R3 & R4). In the MAKING-CITY project, the overall PED design method is developed, which will be further optimised in this project. In addition, PED-ACT will use the methods and knowledge, including how to choose a suitable PED in a city, energy balance calculation, and technologies available for PED. The RUGGEDISED project outputs the governance model into the replication plan in PED-ACT. Its ‘smart city open-data decision platform’ will illustrate an excellent example for the database in PED-ACT. The IEA EBC Annex 83 and Cost Action 19126 create the basis for data collection, developing existing PED databases, characterization of PED, and review of regulations of PED, as well as development of simulation tools. The UBEM project further enables a detailed high-resolution energy balance calculation of PED.
    A2P003: Application of ISO52000
    A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoYesNoYesNoNoYes
    A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
    A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoYesNoNoNoYes
    A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
    A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
    A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
    A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.Large combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic.Not included. However, there is a charging place for a shared EV in one building.Mobility is not included in the calculations.
    A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
    A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.31.652182.13.862
    A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
    A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.331480.21.226
    A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
    A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
    A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
    A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
    A2P011: PVnoyesnoyesyesyesnonoyesyes
    A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.77706640.11.028
    A2P011: Windnonononoyesnonoyesnono
    A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Hydrononononoyesnonononono
    A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Biomass_elnonononoyesnonononono
    A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnononononononononono
    A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: PVT_elnononononononononono
    A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Othernononononononoyesnono
    A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
    A2P012: Geothermalyesnononoyesyesnononono
    A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Solar Thermalyesyesnonoyesnonononono
    A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Biomass_heatyesyesnonoyesnonononono
    A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
    A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnononoyesnonoyesyesno
    A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]3002.2
    A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononononono
    A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: PVT_thyesnonononononononono
    A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononoyesnonononono
    A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Othernononononononononono
    A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
    A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centersVery little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid.Heat is produced from DH return, refrigeration and exhaust air. The mentioned 2200 MWh/a includes HP el. consumption (about 1/6 of that)
    A2P014: Annual energy use
    A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]2.4210.8190166202.35.088
    A2P015: Annual energy delivered
    A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]399
    A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
    A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]-10
    A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
    A2P017: Gasnononononononononoyes
    A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Coalnononononononononono
    A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Oilnononononononononono
    A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Othernononononononoyesnono
    A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]300
    A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
    A2P018: PVnonononononononoyesyes
    A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]0.707
    A2P018: Windnonononononononoyesno
    A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Hydrononononononononoyesno
    A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononononoyesno
    A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononononoyesno
    A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: PVT_elnononononononononono
    A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Othernononononononononono
    A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
    A2P019: Geothermalnononononononononono
    A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Solar Thermalnononononononononono
    A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononononoyesno
    A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.7
    A2P019: Waste heat+HPnononononononononono
    A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononononono
    A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: PVT_thnononononononononono
    A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnononononononononono
    A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Othernononononononononono
    A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
    A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary000000003.28571428571431.4540311173975
    A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
    A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]0
    A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
    A2P022: Safety & Security
    A2P022: HealthCO2) levels, Predicted Mean Vote,Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied, Temperature, Relative Humidity, Illuminance, Daylight factor, Sound pressure levelsEncouraging a healthy lifestyle
    A2P022: Education
    A2P022: MobilityModal Split, Fuel mix in mobility, Energy use for transportation, Access to public transport, Public infrastructure promoting low-carbon mobility, Number of public EV charging stations, Energy delivered for EV charging
    A2P022: EnergyapplyNon-renewable primary energy balance, Renewable energy ratio, Grid Purchase factor, Load cover factor/Self-generation, Supply cover factor/Self-consumption, Net energy/Net power, Peak delivered/exported power, Connection capacity credit, Total greenhouse gas emissionsFinal energy consumption, Primary energy consumption, Energy imported to PED, Energy exported from PED, RES production, PED energy balance, Energy savings in the PED, GHG emissions, Reduction of emissions, Final energy consumption per capita, Primary energy consumption per capita, Primary energy sources (shares), Buildings connected to DH-network or renewable energy grid, GHG emissions per capita, System flexibility for energy players, RES storage usage, Peak load reduction
    A2P022: Water
    A2P022: Economic developmentInvestment costs, Share of investments covered by grants, Maintenance-related costs, Requirement-related costs, Operation-related costs, Other costs, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Economic Value Added, Payback Period, nZEB Cost ComparisonTotal investments, Payback time, Economic value of savings
    A2P022: Housing and CommunityAccess to services, Affordability of energy, Affordability of housing, Democratic legitimacy, Living conditions, Social cohesion, Personal safety, Energy consciousnessDevelopment of housing prices, Housing cost overburden rate, Citizen engagement/empowerment to climate conscious actions, Inhabitants in dense areas, Energy poverty
    A2P022: WasteRecycling rate
    A2P022: OtherSmart Cities strategies, Quality of open data
    A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
    A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesyesnonoyesyesnoyesyesyes
    A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesyesnonoyesnonoyesnono
    A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononoyesnonononono
    A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesyesnonoyesyesnononono
    A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnononoyesnonoyesyesno
    A2P023: Waste to energyyesyesnononononoyesnono
    A2P023: Polygenerationnonononoyesnonononono
    A2P023: Co-generationnoyesnonoyesnononoyesno
    A2P023: Heat Pumpyesyesnonoyesnonoyesyesyes
    A2P023: Hydrogennonononoyesnonononono
    A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononoyesnonononono
    A2P023: Biomassnonononoyesnonoyesyesno
    A2P023: Biogasnononononononononono
    A2P023: Other
    A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
    A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesyesnonoyesnononoyesno
    A2P024: Energy management systemyesnononoyesyesnoyesyesno
    A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnononoyesyesnoyesnono
    A2P024: Smart electricity gridnonononoyesyesnoyesnono
    A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnononoyesnonoyesyesno
    A2P024: Electric Storageyesyesnonoyesnonoyesnono
    A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesyesnonoyesnonoyesyesno
    A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnononoyesnonoyesnono
    A2P024: P2P – buildingsnononononoyesnononono
    A2P024: Other
    A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
    A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnoyesnonoyesnonoyesyesyes
    A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnonononononononono
    A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesyesnononoyesnonoyesno
    A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesyesnononononononono
    A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnononononononoyesno
    A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnoyesnononononononono
    A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesnonoyesyesnonoyesyes
    A2P025: Smart irrigationnononononononononono
    A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnoyesnononononononono
    A2P025: Smart surveillancenoyesnononononoyesnono
    A2P025: Other
    A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
    A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)noyesnonononononoyesno
    A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)noyesnononoyesnonoyesno
    A2P026: e-Mobilityyesyesnononoyesnonoyesno
    A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnoyesnonononononoyesno
    A2P026: Car-free areanonononoyesnonononono
    A2P026: Other
    A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
    A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notesTest-Concept for bidirectional charging.Shared mobility: a mobility point will be implemented and ensure the flexible use of different mobility services.
    A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
    A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesYesYesYesYesNo
    A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateEnergy Performance Certificate for each dwellingIn Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwellingEnergy Performance CertificateThe obligatory buildijng energy classification
    A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
    A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoYesNoNoNo
    A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesKlimaaktiv certificate, Greenpass certificate
    A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
    A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • New development strategies,
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Urban Renewal Strategies,
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Smart cities strategies,
    • New development strategies,
    • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
    • Smart cities strategies,
    • Urban Renewal Strategies,
    • New development strategies,
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Smart cities strategies,
    • Urban Renewal Strategies,
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • New development strategies,
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
    A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyCity level targets Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PUMS) - 2019 | Targets: - by 2030 440,000 daily trips will no longer be made by car but on foot, by bike or by public transport; - by 2030 12% of vehicles will be electric; Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) - 2021 | Targets: - by 2025 deep renovation of 3% per year of residential homes (insulation of building envelopes and adoption of heat pump heating system); - by 2030 reduction of electricity consumption at least of 20% compared to 2018; - by 2030 100% coverage of electricity consumption for municipal buildings; - by 2030 increase public green areas by at least 10% Urban General Plan (PUG) - 2021 | Targets: - by 2030 net zero land consumption; National level targets Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan - 2020 | Targets: - by 2030 reduction of 43% for primary energy consumption, with respect to the reference 2007 scenario. - by 2030 increase of 30% of energy production from renewable sources; - by 2025 energy generation for electricity independent from the use of coal;- Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation.Reduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030Carbon neutrality by 2035Karşıyaka Municipality is the first local government in Turkey to sign the Covenant of Mayors in 2011. During this period, the greenhouse gas inventory of the district was carried out three times and reduction targets were set for 2020 and 2030. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan prepared as of the end of 2021, Karşıyaka Municipality has targeted a 40% reduction in its emissions for 2030 compared to the base year 2018. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, Karşıyaka Municipality aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 3.96 tCO2e / person in 2018 to 2.37 tCO2e / person in 2030. System solutions such as the use of renewable energy sources, air, ground or water source heat pump, cogeneration and microcogeneration are analysed by designers in order to fully or partially meet the energy requirements for heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water, electricity and lighting for all buildings with a floor area of less than 20,000 square metres. If at least 50% of the building's total energy consumption costs are covered by one or more of these applications, the points are taken in the assessment table in the Building and housing estate business certification guide of 2023.
    A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
    A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
    • Biogas
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Electrification of Cooking Methods
    • Biogas
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Biogas,
    • Hydrogen
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Biogas
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
    A3P003: Other
    A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
    A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesBologna needs to reach the climate neutrality proceeding by ‘part’ of the city. Pilastro-Roveri is a promising district due to the following reasons: - some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour, spaces liveability and comfort; - Pilastro is a residential area with the presence of a high percentage of vulnerable inhabitants affected by energy poverty phenomenon. This situation needs to be prioritized; - Pilastro is characterized by the presence of large underused green spaces that can represent a valuable resource for social cohesion and for heat island phenomenon mitigation; - Roveri is an industrial area where some small-medium enterprises are investing in order to improve their facilities and to efficiency their production cycle; - Roveri and Pilastro areas present complementary energy consumption curves throughout the day/week with a high potential for energy sharing and flexibility.- Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested.Decarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city.Developing and demonstrating solutions for carbon neutralityAccording to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary.Therefore, there needs to be the implementation of a heat pump. The building-integrated photovoltaic panelsshould follow. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity throughthis scenario.
    A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
    A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.Bologna SECAP, as well as the participation to the 100 Climate-Neutral Cities, promotes the PED model as an enabling tool to foster city energy transition process. In Pilastro-Roveri district two main sustainable behaviours approaches can be identified: - bottom-up approach - some citizens are joining forces to create groups of energy self-consumption, in view of energy communities’ implementation and, at the same time, some companies have already undertaken some efficiency intervention on the production system by leveraging highly energy-efficient technologies; - top-down approach - GECO and GRETA are international ongoing projects on the area that promote innovation and energy transition with important fundings from the European Union, but with a particular focus on citizen engagement and participatory approach. Simultaneously, new and updated planning tools such as PUG, SECAP and SUMP identify in this part of Bologna city a key area to enable an ecological transition process holding together all relevant stakeholders - citizens, small-medium enterprises and Institutions. These two thrusts (bottom-up and top-down) need to be optimized in view of a participatory pathway towards the grounding of a Positive Energy District in Pilastro-Roveri.- Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems.- Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings.E. g. visualizing energy and water consumption
    A3P006: Economic strategies
    A3P006: Economic strategies
    • Innovative business models,
    • Blockchain
    • Innovative business models,
    • PPP models,
    • Circular economy models,
    • Demand management Living Lab,
    • Existing incentives
    • Innovative business models,
    • Other
    • Demand management Living Lab
    • Innovative business models,
    • Local trading
    • Life Cycle Cost,
    • Circular economy models
    • Open data business models,
    • Innovative business models,
    • PPP models,
    • Life Cycle Cost,
    • Circular economy models
    A3P006: Otheroperational savings through efficiency measures
    A3P007: Social models
    A3P007: Social models
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Citizen Social Research,
    • Prevention of energy poverty,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
    • Citizen Social Research,
    • Policy Forums,
    • Affordability,
    • Prevention of energy poverty,
    • Digital Inclusion,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
    • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
    • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
    • Digital Inclusion,
    • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
    • Social incentives,
    • Quality of Life,
    • Strategies towards social mix,
    • Affordability,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Policy Forums,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
    • Citizen Social Research,
    • Policy Forums,
    • Quality of Life,
    • Strategies towards social mix,
    • Affordability,
    • Prevention of energy poverty,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
    • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Affordability
    A3P007: Other
    A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
    A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • District Energy plans,
    • City Vision 2050,
    • SECAP Updates
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
    • City Vision 2050,
    • SECAP Updates,
    • Building / district Certification
    • District Energy plans,
    • Building / district Certification
    • Building / district Certification
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • District Energy plans
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • District Energy plans,
    • City Vision 2050,
    • SECAP Updates
    • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
    • District Energy plans,
    • SECAP Updates
    A3P008: Other
    A3P009: Environmental strategies
    A3P009: Environmental strategies
    • Energy Neutral
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Low Emission Zone,
    • Net zero carbon footprint,
    • Life Cycle approach,
    • Pollutants Reduction,
    • Greening strategies
    • Other
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Low Emission Zone,
    • Pollutants Reduction,
    • Greening strategies
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Low Emission Zone
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Net zero carbon footprint
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Net zero carbon footprint
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Low Emission Zone,
    • Pollutants Reduction
    A3P009: OtherPositive Energy Balance for the demo site
    A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
    A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricityPEDs in Italy are meant as strategies towards climate-neutrality: at national/regional/local level a specific legislation on PEDs development is not yet available. However, the European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (‘Renewable energy’ directive - 2018/2001/EU and ‘Common rules for the internal electricity market’ directive- 2019/944/EU). Italy, starting from 2020, has transposed the Directives at national level (‘Milleproroghe’ decree then made effective by ‘Promotion of Renewable sources’ decree 199/2021). At regional level Emilia Romagna in May 2022 developed a law encouraging EC model diffusion (LR 5/2022 ‘Promotion and support of renewable energy communities and renewable energy self-consumers acting collectively’). Energy Community, according to Lindholm et al. 2021, can be considered as ‘a first implementation step towards PEDs.’- European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013.Current energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their own
    B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
    B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionPilastro-Roveri district can be considered as a PED-relevant area. Even though at the moment the area doesn’t meet annual energy positive balance, it addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability.The large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat.The original idea is that the area produces at least as much it consumes.The pilot area was selected on the basis of several criteria: its location within areas prioritised by Karşıyaka Municipality for combating climate change, compliance with the building regulations set out in the Green Building-Site-Operation (2023) guide, which are in line with Municipality's energy policy, the presence of open spaces that allow various applications for renewable energy, proximity to public facilities such as schools and municipal services, the availability of data on energy consumption (e.g. electricity and natural gas bills) and architectural features, the potential for community building, the suitability for solar energy systems, considering orientation and roof structure, and the potential for future building renovations. The aim of the initiative is to explore the feasibility of transforming the district into a Positive Energy District (PED).
    B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
    B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentPilastro-Roveri district is not actually meant to become a PEDs. However, it can be considered as a PED-relevant case-study since a participatory transition pathway towards a more sustainable, efficient and resilient district is gaining ground, involving the main urban stakeholders. At the same time, the most recent city plan and policies (such as the city SECAPs - updated in 2021) are promoting PED model as a key strategy to guide Bologna towards climate neutrality by 2030.The area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences.Developing systems towards carbon neutrality. Also urban renewal.
    B1P003: Environment of the case study area
    B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaRuralSuburban areaUrban areaSuburban areaSuburban areaUrban area
    B1P004: Type of district
    B2P004: Type of district
    • Renovation
    • New construction
    • Renovation
    • Renovation
    • New construction,
    • Renovation
    • Renovation
    B1P005: Case Study Context
    B1P005: Case Study Context
    • Retrofitting Area
    • Preservation Area
    • New Development
    • Re-use / Transformation Area,
    • New Development
    • Retrofitting Area
    • New Development,
    • Retrofitting Area
    • Retrofitting Area
    B1P006: Year of construction
    B1P006: Year of construction20242005
    B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
    B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential16.9313500
    B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
    B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential3500
    B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
    B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
    B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
    B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
    B1P011: Population density before intervention
    B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000000
    B1P012: Population density after intervention
    B1P012: Population density after intervention000000000.0583333333333330
    B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
    B1P013: Residentialnoyesnonononononoyesyes
    B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]102795
    B1P013: Officenoyesnonononoyesnonono
    B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Industry and Utilitynoyesnononononononono
    B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Commercialnoyesnonononoyesnoyesno
    B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Institutionalnoyesnononononononono
    B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Natural areasnoyesnononoyesnonoyesno
    B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Recreationalnoyesnonononononoyesno
    B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Dismissed areasnoyesnononononononono
    B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Othernononononononononono
    B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
    B1P014: Residentialnoyesnononoyesyesnoyesyes
    B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]102795
    B1P014: Officenoyesnonononoyesnonono
    B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Industry and Utilitynoyesnononononononono
    B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Commercialnoyesnonononoyesnoyesno
    B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Institutionalnoyesnononononononono
    B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Natural areasnoyesnononoyesnonoyesno
    B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Recreationalnoyesnonononononoyesno
    B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Dismissed areasnoyesnononononononono
    B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Othernononononononononono
    B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
    B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.An ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area.
    B2P002: Installation life time
    B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation.No new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies.
    B2P003: Scale of action
    B2P003: ScaleDistrictDistrictDistrict
    B2P004: Operator of the installation
    B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.esKristian Olesen
    B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
    B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materialsReplication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED.
    B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
    B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNoNo
    B2P006: Other
    B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
    B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
    • Civic
    • Strategic
    • Civic
    B2P007: Other
    B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
    B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityResearch center/UniversityResearch center/University
    B2P008: Other
    B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
    B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
    • Academia,
    • Private,
    • Industrial,
    • Other
    • Academia,
    • Industrial
    • Academia,
    • Private
    B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
    B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
    B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activitiesThe operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system.
    B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
    B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
    • Buildings,
    • Demand-side management,
    • Energy storage,
    • Energy networks,
    • Waste management,
    • Lighting,
    • E-mobility,
    • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
    • Social interactions,
    • Business models
    • Buildings,
    • Demand-side management,
    • Prosumers,
    • Renewable generation,
    • Energy storage,
    • Energy networks,
    • Efficiency measures,
    • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
    • Ambient measures,
    • Social interactions
    B2P011: Other
    B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
    B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
    • Tools for prototyping and modelling
    • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
    • Tools for prototyping and modelling
    B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
    B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
    B2P014: Monitoring measures
    B2P014: Monitoring measures
    • Execution plan,
    • Available data,
    • Type of measured data,
    • Equipment,
    • Level of access
    • Equipment
    B2P015: Key Performance indicators
    B2P015: Key Performance indicators
    • Energy,
    • Social,
    • Economical / Financial
    • Energy,
    • Environmental,
    • Economical / Financial
    B2P016: Execution of operations
    B2P016: Execution of operations
    B2P017: Capacities
    B2P017: Capacities- Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product.
    B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
    B2P018: Relations with stakeholdersCEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions.
    B2P019: Available tools
    B2P019: Available tools
    • Energy modelling,
    • Social models,
    • Business and financial models
    • Energy modelling
    B2P019: Available tools
    B2P020: External accessibility
    B2P020: External accessibilityCIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements.
    C1P001: Unlocking Factors
    C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
    C1P002: Driving Factors
    C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
    C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
    C1P003: Administrative barriers
    C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
    C1P004: Policy barriers
    C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
    C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
    C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
    C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
    C1P006: Environmental barriers
    C1P006: Environmental barriers3 - Moderately important- Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1 - Water Scarcity: 1
    C1P007: Technical barriers
    C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important
    C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
    C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
    C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
    C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
    C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
    C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
    C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
    C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
    C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
    C1P010: Financial barriers
    C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
    C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
    C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
    C1P011: Market barriers
    C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
    C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
    C1P012: Stakeholders involved
    C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Research & Innovation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Financial/Funding
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • None
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Business process management
    • Planning/leading
    • None
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Urban Services providers
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • Planning/leading
    • Planning/leading
    C1P012: Real Estate developers
    • Construction/implementation
    • None
    • None
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    C1P012: Design/Construction companies
    • Construction/implementation
    • Construction/implementation
    • Construction/implementation
    • Design/demand aggregation
    C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
    • None
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • None
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Other
    C1P012: Other (if any)
    Summary

    Authors (framework concept)

    Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

    Contributors (to the content)

    Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

    Implemented by

    Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
    Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

    Join the Action

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    COST

    COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

    PED-EU-NET

    The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

    Action Details

    Grant Holder
    Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

    Start of Action: 10 September 2020
    End of Action: 09 September 2024
    CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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