| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tartu, Estonia | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aveiro, Portugal | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Győr Geothermal District Heating Project | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| SmartEnCity, Lecce | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| STARDUST, Trento | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| mySMARTlife, Helsinki | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sinfonia, Bolzano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hunziker Areal, Zürich | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sharing Cities, Milano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Otaniemi, Espoo | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zukunftsquartier, Vienna | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Barrio La Pinada, Paterna | PED Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Võru +CityxChange | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Furuset project, Oslo | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Laser Valley – Land of Lights | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Ydalir project | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fornebu, Bærum | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fleuraye west, Carquefou | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Energy Åland | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Groningen, PED North | Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | Halmstad, Fyllinge | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Uden, Loopkantstraat | Findhorn, the Park | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Izmir, District of Karşıyaka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Groningen, PED North | Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | Halmstad, Fyllinge | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Uden, Loopkantstraat | Findhorn, the Park | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Izmir, District of Karşıyaka |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | ||||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | ||||||||
| PED case study | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes |
| PED relevant case study | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
| PED Lab. | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
| Energy community | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| Electrification | no | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Net-zero emission | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes |
| Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Other (A1P004) | Green IT | |||||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | In operation | Planning Phase | In operation | In operation | In operation | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | ||||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 12/18 | 01/2011 | 01/21 | 06/17 | 01/62 | 11/19 | 10/22 | |
| A1P007: End Date | ||||||||
| A1P007: End date | 12/23 | 02/2013 | 01/30 | 05/23 | 12/23 | 10/25 | ||
| A1P008: Reference Project | ||||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | ||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | ||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | Other | |||||||
| A1P010: Sources | ||||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | ||||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 6.535121 | 2.1 | 12.92054 | 25.517595084093507 | 5.6191 | -3.6099 | -2.508 | 27.110049 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 53.234846 | 41.3 | 56.65194 | 64.99288098173132 | 51.6606 | 57.6530 | 41.603 | 38.496054 |
| A1P012: Country | ||||||||
| A1P012: Country | Netherlands | Spain | Sweden | Finland | Netherlands | United Kingdom | Spain | Turkey |
| A1P013: City | ||||||||
| A1P013: City | Groningen | Barcelona and Tarragona | Halmstad | Oulu | Uden | Findhorn | Lubia - Soria | İzmir |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | ||||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Cfa | Csa | Dwb | Dfc | Cfb | Dwc | Cfb | Csa |
| A1P015: District boundary | ||||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Virtual | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | |
| Other | Regional (close to virtual) | |||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | ||||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Mixed | Public | Mixed | Mixed | Private | Mixed | Public | Private |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | ||||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | ||||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 7 | 0 | 250 | 6 | 1 | 160 | 6 | 21 |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | ||||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 1.01 | 19700 | 2360 | 102795 | ||||
| A1P020: Total ground area | ||||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 17.132 | 60000 | 3860 | 180000 | 6400000 | 32600 | ||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | ||||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | ||||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 7804440 | |||||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | yes |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 1193355 | |||||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||||
| A1P022: Other | ||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | ||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | Developing and demonstrating new solutions | |||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | ||||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | Semi-Virtual Energy Integration Laboratory (SEILAB) The Energy Smart Lab is an infrastructure conceived as a flexible and versatile platform for innovative technological developments for both industry and competitive R+D projects. The areas of expertise of this laboratory pivot around the following technologies: – Power Electronics for the integration and control of the elements within a building or community: Renewable Energy Sources (RES), Energy Storage Systems and Electric Vehicles (EV) – ICT Platform for smart communications and energy management of systems, building, networks and communities. – Energy System Integration technologies for smart and flexible buildings and grids including RES and EV. The laboratory operation is based on the hardware emulation approach, which allows for real physical equipment to be operated under a broad range of scenarios without depending on the real occurrence of the boundary conditions suitable for the experimental validation. The laboratory is pioneer in addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation. | The project is a follow-up from the “Social Beautiful” concept which was developed in collaboration between Labyrint (Support in sheltered housing), Area (housing company), the municipality of Uden, and Hendriks Coppelmans (developer). The concept aims to provide an answer to changes in various policy areas and the changing demands of society. The Social Beautiful concept consists of the following elements: 1. Living, working, and community services are brought together in one location. A multifunctional residential and service centre is being realized at the location. 2. Housing is shaped by the realization of financially accessible homes suitable for the target group. The housing design is tailored to the target group. it may also include sheltered / protected living. 3. Work takes place at the location or from the same location. The work has a social function within the neighbourhood. Wage-related work must contribute to providing structure in the daily activities of the residents. 4. Neighbourhood management is organized from the location in the surrounding neighbourhood. A service package is provided from the residential and service centre that contributes to the ability of neighbourhood residents to live independently for longer, to strengthen the social network, and to improve the quality of life and safety in the neighbourhood. 5. The houses are suitable for use at all times for regular rental. Communal facilities must be realized within the contours of a regular apartment. The objective is to offer a suitable living and working situation to a group of vulnerable citizens. In this way they become a fully-fledged part of society. They not only make use of the facilities themselves, but also give substance to the level of facilities in the municipality. Due to the integrated approach, they experience a greater sense of well-being and security. | The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads. | |||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | ||||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 5 | 7804440 | ||||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | ||||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Dr. Jaume Salom, Dra. Cristina Corchero | Markus Olofsgård | Samuli Rinne | Tonje Healey Trulsrud | Stefano Nebiolo | Dr. Raquel Ramos | Ozlem Senyol |
| A1P027: Organization | Municipality of Groningen | IREC | AFRY | City of Oulu | Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) | Findhorn Innovation Research and Education CIC | Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT) | Karsiyaka Municipality |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Other | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies |
| A1P028: Other | ||||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | Jsalom@irec.cat | markus.olofsgard@afry.com | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | tonje.h.trulsrud@ntnu.no | stefanonebiolo@gmail.com | raquel.ramos@ciemat.es | ozlemkocaer2@gmail.com |
| Contact person for other special topics | ||||||||
| A1P030: Name | Samuli Rinne | Dr. Oscar Seco | Hasan Burak Cavka | |||||
| A1P031: Email | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | oscar.seco@ciemat.es | hasancavka@iyte.edu.tr | |||||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | ||||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | ||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | ||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | Energy SmartLab capacities - Building simulation model: thermal inertia and thermal loads of a building or community can be co-simulated with a building model. – System Operator and Aggregator simulation models: the interaction with remote control actions carried out by electricity System Operators or flexibility Aggregators can be simulated as well. – Grid simulation model: the physical interaction of the building with the grid power supply can be simulated enabling the experimental validation of flexibility services to the network. Energy SmartLab systems - SAFT Li-ion battery: maximum stored energy 20000 Wh, rated power 150 kW, rated discharge current 200 A, rated charge current 34 A, operating voltage 189 V – 227 V – 254 V, capacity 82 Ah. – Ultracapacitors: maximum stored energy 57 Wh, rated power 10 kW, rated current 20 A, peak current (<1s) 200 Apk, operating voltage 250 V – 500 V, capacity 1,65 F. – Electric vehicle second life battery: maximum stored energy 23300 Wh, rated power 40 kW, rated current 150 A, operating voltage 240 V – 400 V, capacity 32 Ah - 5 microgrid emulators (emulated power 5.5 kVA, max generation connected 10kVA, max consumption connected 10 kVA) - 1 grid emulator (Rated power: 200 kVA, Rated current per phase: 350 A, Rated current per neutral conductor: 35) | link based regulation of electricity grid | Different kinds of waste heat streams are utilized by heat pumps. These are district heating return water (actually this is an indirect way to cool down the flue gas in the scrubber), ventilation exhaust air and sewage water. As a normal case, in ventilation also air-to-air heat exchanges are used. PV power is harvested also, in vertical and more horizontal panels. Buildings are well insulated to decrease the needed amount of heating energy in the first place. | Energy efficiency: Energy efficient envelope, with good insulation, triple glazing windows and airtight envelope. (EPC = 0) Energy Flexibility: MCP controls for the heat pump in the apartments. Energy production: PV panels on the roof, Ground source heat pumps Waste management: construction waste was kept to a minimum and sorted and collected separately as much as possible. Indoor air quality: Exhaust ventilation and opening of windows Construction materials: low carbon emission building materials | Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour. | Methods involve studying the feasibility of digital PED references for the case cities about their energy, environmental, and economic performance by EnergyPlus tool. In case of insufficient energy data and the need of high resolution data, ‘Gaussian mixture model and expectation-maximization algorithm’ and ‘time-series decomposition-recombination’ method will be used to supplement data to EnergyPlus. The feasibility results will be returned to stakeholders for iterative discussion, and the iterative results will be used to update digital references. Replication plans are developed based on such a cooperation process for strategies to implement PEDs. If a PED is demonstrated during the project period, the measured data will be used to verify the feasibility model to optimize previous results (WP7– R3 & R4). In the MAKING-CITY project, the overall PED design method is developed, which will be further optimised in this project. In addition, PED-ACT will use the methods and knowledge, including how to choose a suitable PED in a city, energy balance calculation, and technologies available for PED. The RUGGEDISED project outputs the governance model into the replication plan in PED-ACT. Its ‘smart city open-data decision platform’ will illustrate an excellent example for the database in PED-ACT. The IEA EBC Annex 83 and Cost Action 19126 create the basis for data collection, developing existing PED databases, characterization of PED, and review of regulations of PED, as well as development of simulation tools. The UBEM project further enables a detailed high-resolution energy balance calculation of PED. | |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | ||||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | ||||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | ||||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | ||||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | – Electric vehicle second life battery: maximum stored energy 23300 Wh, rated power 40 kW, rated current 150 A, operating voltage 240 V – 400 V, capacity 32 Ah | Not included. However, there is a charging place for a shared EV in one building. | not included | Mobility is not included in the calculations. | |||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | ||||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.148 | 3.862 | ||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | ||||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.33 | 0.2 | 0.109 | 1.2 | 1.226 | |||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | ||||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | ||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | ||||||||
| A2P011: PV | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | 0.058 | 1.028 | |||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | ||||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | |||||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 2.2 | |||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | ||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | Heat is produced from DH return, refrigeration and exhaust air. The mentioned 2200 MWh/a includes HP el. consumption (about 1/6 of that) | *Annual energy use below is presentedin primary energy consumption | 3x225 kW wind turbines + 100 kW PV | ||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | ||||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 0.194 | 1.2 | 5.088 | ||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | ||||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 0.0368 | 1.2 | ||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | ||||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | ||||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | ||||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 0.707 | |||||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | ||||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.7 | |||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | ||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.2857142857143 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.4540311173975 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | ||||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 0 | -0.00043 | ||||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | Personal Safety | |||||||
| A2P022: Health | Encouraging a healthy lifestyle | Healthy community | ||||||
| A2P022: Education | ||||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | Modal Split, Fuel mix in mobility, Energy use for transportation, Access to public transport, Public infrastructure promoting low-carbon mobility, Number of public EV charging stations, Energy delivered for EV charging | Sustainable mobility | ||||||
| A2P022: Energy | Final energy consumption, Primary energy consumption, Energy imported to PED, Energy exported from PED, RES production, PED energy balance, Energy savings in the PED, GHG emissions, Reduction of emissions, Final energy consumption per capita, Primary energy consumption per capita, Primary energy sources (shares), Buildings connected to DH-network or renewable energy grid, GHG emissions per capita, System flexibility for energy players, RES storage usage, Peak load reduction | NOn-renewable primary energy balance, renewable energy ratio, grid purchase factor, load cover factor/self-generation, supply cover factor/self-consumption, net energy/net power, peak delivered/peak expoted, total greenhouse gas emission | ||||||
| A2P022: Water | ||||||||
| A2P022: Economic development | Total investments, Payback time, Economic value of savings | capital costs, operational cots, overall economic performance (5 KPIs) | ||||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | Development of housing prices, Housing cost overburden rate, Citizen engagement/empowerment to climate conscious actions, Inhabitants in dense areas, Energy poverty | demographic composition, diverse community, social cohesion | ||||||
| A2P022: Waste | Recycling rate | |||||||
| A2P022: Other | Smart Cities strategies, Quality of open data | Smartness and flecibility, Indoor Environmental Quality, Social performance - Equity (affordable housing, access to servicees and amenitioes, afforability of energy, living conditions, sustinable mobility, universal design) | ||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | ||||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | ||||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | ||||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | ||||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | ||||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | ||||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | ||||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P026: Other | ||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | ||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | ||||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | ||||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | ||
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate | The obligatory buildijng energy classification | EPC = 0, energy neutral building | In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling | ||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | ||||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | No | No | No | No | No | |||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | ||||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | ||||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | ||||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | Carbon neutrality by 2035 | - Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation. | Karşıyaka Municipality is the first local government in Turkey to sign the Covenant of Mayors in 2011. During this period, the greenhouse gas inventory of the district was carried out three times and reduction targets were set for 2020 and 2030. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan prepared as of the end of 2021, Karşıyaka Municipality has targeted a 40% reduction in its emissions for 2030 compared to the base year 2018. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, Karşıyaka Municipality aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 3.96 tCO2e / person in 2018 to 2.37 tCO2e / person in 2030. System solutions such as the use of renewable energy sources, air, ground or water source heat pump, cogeneration and microcogeneration are analysed by designers in order to fully or partially meet the energy requirements for heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water, electricity and lighting for all buildings with a floor area of less than 20,000 square metres. If at least 50% of the building's total energy consumption costs are covered by one or more of these applications, the points are taken in the assessment table in the Building and housing estate business certification guide of 2023. | |||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | ||||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | ||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | ||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | -Allows for real physical equipment to be operated under a broad range of scenarios without depending on the real occurrence of the boundary conditions suitable for the experimental validation -Pioneer in addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation. | Developing and demonstrating solutions for carbon neutrality | - Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested. | According to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary.Therefore, there needs to be the implementation of a heat pump. The building-integrated photovoltaic panelsshould follow. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity throughthis scenario. | ||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | ||||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | -Improving the development of Net Zero Energy Buildings and Flexible Energy buildings. | E. g. visualizing energy and water consumption | - Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems. | ||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | ||||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | ||||||||
| A3P007: Social models | ||||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | ||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | ||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | ||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | ||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | ||||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | ||||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | - European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (‘Renewable energy’ directive - 2018/2001/EU and ‘Common rules for the internal electricity market’ directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013. | - European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013. | |||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | ||||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | The original idea is that the area produces at least as much it consumes. | The demonstration projects is a new residential development, which consists of an apartment complex which includes 39 apartments spread over 3 floors. It is a sustainble plus energy neighbouhood, and has reached a plus energy balance on its first year in operation. It has MPC controls on the individual heat pumps to improve the energy flexibility of the apartments. It includes the "social beatiful" concepts with a strong emphasis on the social sustainability of the project. | The pilot area was selected on the basis of several criteria: its location within areas prioritised by Karşıyaka Municipality for combating climate change, compliance with the building regulations set out in the Green Building-Site-Operation (2023) guide, which are in line with Municipality's energy policy, the presence of open spaces that allow various applications for renewable energy, proximity to public facilities such as schools and municipal services, the availability of data on energy consumption (e.g. electricity and natural gas bills) and architectural features, the potential for community building, the suitability for solar energy systems, considering orientation and roof structure, and the potential for future building renovations. The aim of the initiative is to explore the feasibility of transforming the district into a Positive Energy District (PED). | |||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | ||||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | Developing systems towards carbon neutrality. Also urban renewal. | The need for social housing and the ambition to create a great living environment with a high-performance apartment complex, supplied with renewable energy. It results in lower energy bills for the tenants and high-quality homes. | ||||||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | ||||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Suburban area | Suburban area | Suburban area | Rural | Rural | Urban area | ||
| B1P004: Type of district | ||||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | ||||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | ||||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 2005 | |||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | ||||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 3500 | |||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | ||||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 3500 | |||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | ||||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | ||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | ||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | ||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | ||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | ||||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.058333333333333 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | ||||||||
| B1P013: Residential | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 102795 | |||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | ||||||||
| B1P014: Residential | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 2394 | 102795 | ||||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | ||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation | ||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | ||||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation. | ||||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | ||||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | Virtual | District | |||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | ||||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | IREC | CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es | |||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | ||||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | |||||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | ||||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | No | No | |||||
| B2P006: Other | ||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | ||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | ||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | ||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | Research center/University | Research center/University | |||||
| B2P008: Other | ||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | ||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | |||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | ||||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system. | |||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | ||||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | ||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | ||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | ||||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | ||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | ||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | ||||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | ||||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | ||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | ||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | - Building simulation model: thermal inertia and thermal loads of a building or community can be co-simulated with a building model. – System Operator and Aggregator simulation models: the interaction with remote control actions carried out by electricity System Operators or flexibility Aggregators can be simulated as well. – Grid simulation model: the physical interaction of the building with the grid power supply can be simulated enabling the experimental validation of flexibility services to the network. | - Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product. | ||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | ||||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions. | |||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | ||||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | ||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | ||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements. | |||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | ||||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | ||||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | |||||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | ||||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | Delay in the Environmental Dialogue processing in the municipality | |||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | ||||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | ||||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | ||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | 3 - Moderately important | - Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1 - Water Scarcity: 1 | ||||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | ||||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | ||||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | ||||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | ||||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | ||||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | ||||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | ||||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other | ||||||||
| C1P012: Other (if any) | ||||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
