| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tartu, Estonia | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aveiro, Portugal | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Győr Geothermal District Heating Project | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| SmartEnCity, Lecce | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| STARDUST, Trento | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| mySMARTlife, Helsinki | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sinfonia, Bolzano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hunziker Areal, Zürich | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sharing Cities, Milano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Otaniemi, Espoo | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zukunftsquartier, Vienna | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Barrio La Pinada, Paterna | PED Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Võru +CityxChange | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Furuset project, Oslo | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Laser Valley – Land of Lights | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Ydalir project | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fornebu, Bærum | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fleuraye west, Carquefou | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Energy Åland | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Uncompare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Tartu, City centre area | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | Halmstad, Fyllinge | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Freiburg, Waldsee | Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | Izmir, District of Karşıyaka |
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| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Tartu, City centre area | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | Halmstad, Fyllinge | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Freiburg, Waldsee | Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | Izmir, District of Karşıyaka |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||||||||
| PED case study | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| PED relevant case study | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| PED Lab. | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Energy community | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Electrification | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Net-zero emission | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Other (A1P004) | |||||||||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | In operation | Planning Phase | Implementation Phase | In operation | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | |||||||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 02/16 | 11/19 | 12/18 | 01/21 | 01/20 | 09/19 | 06/18 | 11/21 | 10/21 | 10/22 | |
| A1P007: End Date | |||||||||||
| A1P007: End date | 07/22 | 12/23 | 12/23 | 01/30 | 12/22 | 10/22 | 03/22 | 11/24 | 10/24 | 10/25 | |
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | |||||||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | Other | ||||||||||
| A1P010: Sources | |||||||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | |||||||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 26.722737 | -2.508 | -5.584795 | 12.92054 | 25.517595084093507 | 29.02631952687517 | 24.8101 | 24.6543 | 7.885857135842917 | -8.373557 | 27.110049 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 58.380713 | 41.603 | 42.593391 | 56.65194 | 64.99288098173132 | 40.98841395247461 | 60.2179 | 60.1491 | 47.986535207080045 | 41.135804 | 38.496054 |
| A1P012: Country | |||||||||||
| A1P012: Country | Estonia | Spain | Spain | Sweden | Finland | Turkey | Finland | Finland | Germany | Portugal | Turkey |
| A1P013: City | |||||||||||
| A1P013: City | Tartu | Lubia - Soria | Leon | Halmstad | Oulu | Istanbul | Espoo | Espoo | Freiburg im Breisgau | Maia | İzmir |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Dfb | Cfb | Csb | Dwb | Dfc | Csb | Dfb | Dfb | Cfb | Csb | Csa |
| A1P015: District boundary | |||||||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Virtual | Virtual | Geographic | |
| Other | Regional (close to virtual) | ||||||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Private | Public | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Mixed | Private | Mixed | Public | Private | |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 18 | 6 | 21 | 250 | 6 | 13 | 5 | 9 | 2941 | 22 | 21 |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | |||||||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 35217 | 16.06900 | 19700 | 116052 | 267956 | 112000 | 284070 | 102795 | |||
| A1P020: Total ground area | |||||||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 793144 | 6400000 | 73.14569 | 60000 | 1151727 | 53000 | 165000 | 4920000 | 32600 | ||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 6500000 | ||||||||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 4000000 | ||||||||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 8000000 | ||||||||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 629000 | 308875 | 1193355 | ||||||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||||||
| A1P022: Other | |||||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | Developing and demonstrating new solutions | Boosting new investors to the area, - Increasing the touristic value of area and urban mobility at the area, - Increasing the regional value (housing price, etc.), - Providing economic advantages by switching to positive energy production | |||||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | |||||||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads. | The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs | |||||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 25 | 5 | |||||||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | |||||||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jaanus Tamm | Dr. Raquel Ramos | Begoña Gonzalo Orden | Markus Olofsgård | Samuli Rinne | Mr. Dogan UNERI | Jaano Juhmen | Elina Ekelund | Dr. Annette Steingrube | Adelina Rodrigues | Ozlem Senyol |
| A1P027: Organization | Tartu City Government | Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT) | Municipality of Leon | AFRY | City of Oulu | Municipality of Kadikoy | SIEMENS - Data Center Forum | Citycon Oyj | Fraunhofer Institute for solar energy systems | Maia Municipality (CM Maia) – Energy and Mobility division | Karsiyaka Municipality |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Other | Other | Municipality / Public Bodies | Municipality / Public Bodies | SME / Industry | SME / Industry | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies | Municipality / Public Bodies |
| A1P028: Other | Municipality of Leon - ILRUV | ||||||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jaanus.tamm@tartu.ee | raquel.ramos@ciemat.es | begona.gonzalo@aytoleon.es | markus.olofsgard@afry.com | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | dogan.uneri@kadikoy.bel.tr | Jaano.juhmen@siemens.com | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | Annette.Steingrube@ise.fraunhofer.de | dscm.adelina@cm-maia.pt | ozlemkocaer2@gmail.com |
| Contact person for other special topics | |||||||||||
| A1P030: Name | Kaspar Alev | Dr. Oscar Seco | Monica Prada Corral | Samuli Rinne | Mrs. Damla MUHCU YILMAZ | Elina Ekelund | Carolina Gonçalves (AdEPorto) | Hasan Burak Cavka | |||
| A1P031: Email | Kaspar.alev@tartu.ee | oscar.seco@ciemat.es | Monica.Prada@ilruv.es | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | damla.muhcu@kadikoy.bel.tr | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | carolinagoncalves@adeporto.eu | hasancavka@iyte.edu.tr | |||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | |||||||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | |||||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP) | Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour. | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Energy flexibility: - testing share energy solutions (public-private stakeholders) Digital technologies - smart city platform - smart energy management E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. | link based regulation of electricity grid | Different kinds of waste heat streams are utilized by heat pumps. These are district heating return water (actually this is an indirect way to cool down the flue gas in the scrubber), ventilation exhaust air and sewage water. As a normal case, in ventilation also air-to-air heat exchanges are used. PV power is harvested also, in vertical and more horizontal panels. Buildings are well insulated to decrease the needed amount of heating energy in the first place. | Energy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric | Energy system modeling | Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic systems for renewable on-site energy production; - installation of a BIPV demonstrator for the City Hall building. Energy flexibility: - implementation of an energy community through an active citizens involvement process. Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviours. [PCP] Through https://balcaodigital.e-redes.pt/consumptions/history “Espaço Municipal” (https://www.espacomunicipal.pt/pt/) might access history of consumption up to midnight of the previous day. E-mobility: - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban comfort and air quality: - Monitoring units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) [PCP] Currently we are monitoring CO, O3, NO2, SO2, noise, PM2.5 and PM10 at a point 267 m east from the four buildings southeast of Sobreiro area: | Methods involve studying the feasibility of digital PED references for the case cities about their energy, environmental, and economic performance by EnergyPlus tool. In case of insufficient energy data and the need of high resolution data, ‘Gaussian mixture model and expectation-maximization algorithm’ and ‘time-series decomposition-recombination’ method will be used to supplement data to EnergyPlus. The feasibility results will be returned to stakeholders for iterative discussion, and the iterative results will be used to update digital references. Replication plans are developed based on such a cooperation process for strategies to implement PEDs. If a PED is demonstrated during the project period, the measured data will be used to verify the feasibility model to optimize previous results (WP7– R3 & R4). In the MAKING-CITY project, the overall PED design method is developed, which will be further optimised in this project. In addition, PED-ACT will use the methods and knowledge, including how to choose a suitable PED in a city, energy balance calculation, and technologies available for PED. The RUGGEDISED project outputs the governance model into the replication plan in PED-ACT. Its ‘smart city open-data decision platform’ will illustrate an excellent example for the database in PED-ACT. The IEA EBC Annex 83 and Cost Action 19126 create the basis for data collection, developing existing PED databases, characterization of PED, and review of regulations of PED, as well as development of simulation tools. The UBEM project further enables a detailed high-resolution energy balance calculation of PED. | ||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | ||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Not included. However, there is a charging place for a shared EV in one building. | Mobility is not included in the energy model. | All energy demands are included in energy balance, either fuel demands or electrical demand of transport sector; Projection is made of future share of electric mobilty, rest is covered with synthetic fuels to achieve climate neutrality | Mobility is not included in the calculations. | |||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 9.1 | 3.49 | 2.1 | 0.94 | 5.5 | 135.715 | 3.862 | ||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.57 | 0.2 | 0.10 | 5.8 | 31.76 | 1.226 | |||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P011: PV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 1.24 | 0.1 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 1.028 | ||||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 1.28 | ||||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.28 | ||||||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 5 | ||||||||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.5 | 0.08 | |||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 2.2 | ||||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Heat is produced from DH return, refrigeration and exhaust air. The mentioned 2200 MWh/a includes HP el. consumption (about 1/6 of that) | Two scenarios are conducted regarding Kadikoy PED energy generation. For the second scenario, just 0.53GWh/annum PV production is proposed. | 53 MW PV potential in all three quarters; no other internal renewable energy potentials known | ||||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 0.74 | 11.3 | 132.5 | 5.088 | ||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 0.49 | 5.76 | |||||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | -0.26 | 0.707 | |||||||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 5.26 | ||||||||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.7 | ||||||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.2857142857143 | -2.2692307692308 | 0 | 1.0532319391635 | 0 | 0 | 1.4540311173975 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 980 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | |||||||||||
| A2P022: Health | Encouraging a healthy lifestyle | ||||||||||
| A2P022: Education | |||||||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | Modal Split, Fuel mix in mobility, Energy use for transportation, Access to public transport, Public infrastructure promoting low-carbon mobility, Number of public EV charging stations, Energy delivered for EV charging | yes | |||||||||
| A2P022: Energy | Final energy consumption, Primary energy consumption, Energy imported to PED, Energy exported from PED, RES production, PED energy balance, Energy savings in the PED, GHG emissions, Reduction of emissions, Final energy consumption per capita, Primary energy consumption per capita, Primary energy sources (shares), Buildings connected to DH-network or renewable energy grid, GHG emissions per capita, System flexibility for energy players, RES storage usage, Peak load reduction | On-site energy ratio | yes | ||||||||
| A2P022: Water | |||||||||||
| A2P022: Economic development | Total investments, Payback time, Economic value of savings | ||||||||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | Development of housing prices, Housing cost overburden rate, Citizen engagement/empowerment to climate conscious actions, Inhabitants in dense areas, Energy poverty | yes | |||||||||
| A2P022: Waste | Recycling rate | ||||||||||
| A2P022: Other | Smart Cities strategies, Quality of open data | ||||||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | |||||||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | |||||||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | |||||||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Other | Local transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries | ||||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling | Energy Performance Certificate - in Spain it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling) | The obligatory buildijng energy classification | Energy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version) | The Municipal Buildings have an energy certificate, according to the Portuguese legislation. | ||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | ||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | LEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD) | ||||||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | - Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation. | Carbon neutrality by 2035 | Relevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels. | Climate neutrality by 2035 | Karşıyaka Municipality is the first local government in Turkey to sign the Covenant of Mayors in 2011. During this period, the greenhouse gas inventory of the district was carried out three times and reduction targets were set for 2020 and 2030. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan prepared as of the end of 2021, Karşıyaka Municipality has targeted a 40% reduction in its emissions for 2030 compared to the base year 2018. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, Karşıyaka Municipality aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 3.96 tCO2e / person in 2018 to 2.37 tCO2e / person in 2030. System solutions such as the use of renewable energy sources, air, ground or water source heat pump, cogeneration and microcogeneration are analysed by designers in order to fully or partially meet the energy requirements for heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water, electricity and lighting for all buildings with a floor area of less than 20,000 square metres. If at least 50% of the building's total energy consumption costs are covered by one or more of these applications, the points are taken in the assessment table in the Building and housing estate business certification guide of 2023. | ||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | At a national level there are some studies regarding the decarbonization of the gas grid, but no concrete strategies so far. | ||||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | - Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested. | Developing and demonstrating solutions for carbon neutrality | - Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district. | Freiburg has ambitious goals and wants to achieve climate neutrality until 2035, the PED concept could help to develop suitable strategies on district level | According to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary.Therefore, there needs to be the implementation of a heat pump. The building-integrated photovoltaic panelsshould follow. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity throughthis scenario. | ||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | - Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems. | E. g. visualizing energy and water consumption | For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners. | Energy efficiency by renovation measures for buildings and measures for saving electricity; electrification by installation of heat pumps and photovoltaics and switching to electric cars, additional measures not directly related to PED like sustainable diet and sharing economy | |||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | |||||||||||
| A3P007: Social models | |||||||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | |||||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | |||||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | Carbon free in terms of energy | ||||||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | - European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013. | - Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021 | |||||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | The original idea is that the area produces at least as much it consumes. | Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production. | Assessment methods for this ped (and for germany) is defined in this project at the moment and will be tested at that case study | The pilot area was selected on the basis of several criteria: its location within areas prioritised by Karşıyaka Municipality for combating climate change, compliance with the building regulations set out in the Green Building-Site-Operation (2023) guide, which are in line with Municipality's energy policy, the presence of open spaces that allow various applications for renewable energy, proximity to public facilities such as schools and municipal services, the availability of data on energy consumption (e.g. electricity and natural gas bills) and architectural features, the potential for community building, the suitability for solar energy systems, considering orientation and roof structure, and the potential for future building renovations. The aim of the initiative is to explore the feasibility of transforming the district into a Positive Energy District (PED). | |||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | Developing systems towards carbon neutrality. Also urban renewal. | - Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders | City is interested in transforming the quarter, as many buildings are old, have private owner structures and have decentralised heating systems. As the city wants to become climate neutral by 2035 action is needed now. In the research project PED urban the idea is to focus on the future energy system of the quarter and use it as a case study to develop a common assessment method for PEDs in alignment with european efforts in that regard | ||||||||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Urban area | Rural | Urban area | Suburban area | Suburban area | Urban area | Urban area | Suburban area | Urban area | ||
| B1P004: Type of district | |||||||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 2022 | 2005 | |||||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 4500 | 3500 | 23.379 | 5898 | |||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 3500 | 5898 | |||||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.058333333333333 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0011987804878049 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Residential | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 102795 | ||||||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | Cultural Center, Sports Center / Total building and land use data of neigborhood 13,878 residential, 4,441 commercial using before intervention. For project area & 49 building area m2 | ||||||||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Residential | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 102795 | ||||||||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | |||||||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation. | Permanent installation | |||||||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | |||||||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | District | Virtual | ||||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es | CM Maia, IPMAIA, NEW, AdEP. | |||||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | No | No | ||||||||
| B2P006: Other | |||||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | |||||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | Research center/University | Municipality | ||||||||
| B2P008: Other | |||||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | Energy Agency | ||||||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system. | ||||||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | |||||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | Depends on the building: _Tecmaia is open to the public but the buildings are for the exclusive use of companies allocated at the industrial site; _The municipal buildings have public access; _The residential buildings have an exclusive use for the residents. | ||||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | Current PED status (WP5 SPARCS): Conceptualization and methodology definition of the (virtual) PED for Maia Municipality with real monitoring and assessment in order to replicate and scale up to a city-level PED. The financial investments were already targeted. | ||||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | - Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product. | _Energy production and storage, _Monitoring; _Digitization. | |||||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions. | The relationship with stakeholders (municipal companies, industry, citizens, etc) has been fundamental for the definition of the PED. In this sense, some sessions were organized to gather different points of view in order to trace the best path for the PED. Also, the participation of Maia Municipality in EU projects, as EHHUR and OMEGA-X, makes possible the share of knowledge between different partners. | |||||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements. | ||||||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | 3 - Moderately important | - Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1 - Water Scarcity: 1 | |||||||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | |||||||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | |||||||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other | |||||||||||
| C1P012: Other (if any) | |||||||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
