| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Tartu, City centre area | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Lund, Brunnshög district | Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | Umeå, Ålidhem district |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Tartu, City centre area | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Lund, Brunnshög district | Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | Umeå, Ålidhem district |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||||
| PED case study | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| PED relevant case study | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| PED Lab. | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| Energy community | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| Electrification | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Net-zero emission | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| Other | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| Other (A1P004) | Holistic approach on city planning; Minimise car traffic - walkability; Local service; Climate neutral buildings 2030; | ||||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | In operation | In operation | Completed | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | |||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 02/16 | 06/18 | 2015 | 04/16 | 11/19 | 10/22 | |
| A1P007: End Date | |||||||
| A1P007: End date | 07/22 | 03/22 | 2040 | 04/22 | 12/23 | 09/25 | |
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | |||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | GIS open dataset is under construction | ||||||
| A1P010: Sources | |||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | |||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 26.722737 | 24.6543 | 13.232469400769599 | 11.424346738140256 | -2.508 | 15.394495 | 20.2630 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 58.380713 | 60.1491 | 55.71989792207193 | 47.271470786729104 | 41.603 | 60.486609 | 63.8258 |
| A1P012: Country | |||||||
| A1P012: Country | Estonia | Finland | Sweden | Austria | Spain | Sweden | Sweden |
| A1P013: City | |||||||
| A1P013: City | Tartu | Espoo | Lund | Innsbruck | Lubia - Soria | Borlänge | Umeå |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Cfb | Dsb | Dfb |
| A1P015: District boundary | |||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic |
| Other | |||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Private | Private | Public | Mixed | Public | Mixed | Public |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Single Owner | Single Owner |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 18 | 9 | 200 | 4 | 6 | 10 | |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | |||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 35217 | 112000 | 1500000 | 22277 | 3700 | 42000 | |
| A1P020: Total ground area | |||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 793144 | 165000 | 1500000 | 11351 | 6400000 | 9945 | 52000 |
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 6500000 | 99999999 | |||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 4000000 | 1000000 | |||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 8000000 | 30000000 | |||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 30000000 | ||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 180000000 | ||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 308875 | 2000000 | |||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022: Other | |||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | World class sustainable living and research environments | Create affordable appartments for the citizens | |||||
| A1P024: More comments: | |||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs | Owners are two local social housing companies. The complete district will consist 4 building blocks, from which only the first one with 4 building is ready built and occupied. At the end, it would be a district of ca. 1100 flats in 16 buildings with 78000 m2 | The Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER)is specialized in applied research, development and promotion of renewable energy. Among the facilities of this Centre, the urban laboratory CEDER-CIEMAT assess the performance of different configurations of energy networks at the district level. This PED-Lab infrastructure is an energy district that connects six office buildings with energy generation installations by means of two energy rings: electrical grid (in operation phase) and thermal network (in the implementation phase). The buildings of this PED Lab can act as energy demanders or suppliers depending on the climatic and operational conditions. The majority of these buildings are constructed with conventional technologies but some of them are implemented with efficient and sustainable measures. The thermal network is composed by two biomass boilers, 300 kW power each, and water tanks with 90 kWh of thermal storage. This network will shortly be expanded with a low temperature (90°C) and high temperature (150°-250°C) rings. The low-temperature ring is made up by two Stirling engine cogeneration boilers (one biomass gasification boiler and one gas boiler). The high-temperature ring has a thermal generator made up of Fresnel solar concentrators and an ORC cogeneration system fed directly from the solar concentrator. The high-temperature ring is interconnected with the low-temperature ring through an oil/water heat exchanger. This network has thermal storage systems in the modalities of: aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. The electrical grid incorporates different renewable generation technologies (50 kW wind turbine and eight different photovoltaic systems, a reversible hydraulic system), and engine generator of 100 kVA, electricity storages (batteries) and flexible loads. | ||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 25 | ||||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | |||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jaanus Tamm | Elina Ekelund | Markus Paulsson | Georgios Dermentzis | Dr. Raquel Ramos | Jingchun Shen | Gireesh Nair |
| A1P027: Organization | Tartu City Government | Citycon Oyj | City of Lund | University of Innsbruck | Centre for the Development of Renewable Energy (CEDER) - Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology Research (CIEMAT) | Högskolan Dalarna | Umea Municipality |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | SME / Industry | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies |
| A1P028: Other | |||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jaanus.tamm@tartu.ee | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | markus.paulsson@lund.se | Georgios.Dermentzis@uibk.ac.at | raquel.ramos@ciemat.es | jih@du.se | gireesh.nair@umu.se |
| Contact person for other special topics | |||||||
| A1P030: Name | Kaspar Alev | Elina Ekelund | Eva Dalman | Dr. Oscar Seco | Xingxing Zhang | ||
| A1P031: Email | Kaspar.alev@tartu.ee | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | eva.dalman@lund.se | oscar.seco@ciemat.es | xza@du.se | ||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | |||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | Walkability and biking | ||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP) | Energy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric | LundaMaTs methodology for traffic and city planning. LundaEko - Lund's programme for ecological sustainability. Municipally owned land is sold to property developers on environmental conditions. | The buildings are designed based on Passive House standards and dynamic building and system simulations are performed to optimise the HVAC systems, that are a ground-water heat pump for space heating and district heating for domestic hot water preparation. Photovoltaic systems are installed in the available roof spaces, however, more renewable sources are required due to very large number of apartments (very high density) to reach PED, and thus, simulation studies are performed. | Energy efficiency: - Buildings energy retrofit. Energy production: - Biomass Boiler capacity: 0.6 MW. Annual production: 1.2 GWh - Solar thermal collectors: 70 kW, planned extended to: 0.47MW - Geotermal & Absorption Pumps: 100 kW - Share of renewables after extension: 100% (30% solar thermal and 70% biomass) - AOC 50kW wind turbine. Awaiting installation of a two-way AC-AC converter for subsequent connection to the grid - Bornay Inclin 3 kW wind turbine, connected to 24 Vdc batteries, to be connected to the grid by means of Xantrex inverter/charger - 9kW photovoltaic park (66PV panels, brand BP Solar,type BP5140,of 140W) connected to the grid by means of two INGECON SUN 5 inverters - 5kW photovoltaic pergola (24PV panels, brand Solon, type P200, of 210W) connected to the grid by means of one INGECON SUN 5 inverter - 8.28kW photovoltaic roof (36PV panels, Brand LDK, type LDK-230P-20), connected to the grid by means of one INGECONSUN 10 inverter - 12kW photovoltaic roof (80PV panels, brand Gamesa, type GS-1501), connected to the grid. - Reversible hydraulic system connected to a 60 kW electric generator and a pumping system. -Stirling engine with a heat lamp based on natural gas, a helium cool lamp, 10kWe maximum power delivered and global performance of approximately 33%. Energy flexibility: - Thermal storage systems: water tanks 90kW, aquifers, boreholes, phase change materials, cold storage with geothermal exchange ground recovery and thermal storage at very low temperature with zeolites. - Electrical storage systems: batteries (lead-acid and lithium-ion). - Flexible loads. Control systems and Digital technologies: - Full monitoring campaign. - Smart-meters installation to monitor consumption and suggest another energy behaviours. - Dynamic simulation tools to optimize the energy performance. Urban comfort and air quality: - Meteorological stations to monitor the climate evolution. - Microclimatic simulation tools to quantify the thermal behaviour. | Load calculation and system optimisation: City Energy Analyst Identification of stranded assets for asset owners and investors to understand the carbon risks: CRREM | Simulation tools: City Energy Analyst and Polysun |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility is not included in the energy model. | Today electrically charged vehicles are included in the energy balance. In the future also other fuels should be included. | |||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 9.1 | 5.5 | 25 | 0.39 | 0.6777 | ||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 5.8 | 30 | 0.655 | 0.03656 | 0 | ||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | 0 | 0 | |||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P011: PV | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.54 | 0.42 | 0.249 | ||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.01818 | ||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 5 | ||||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.5 | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 200 | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.0825 | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 11.3 | 0.96 | 0.318 | 6.1 | |||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 5.76 | -2 | 0.2055 | ||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 5.26 | 0.187 | |||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 1.0532319391635 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.53839572192513 | 0 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 980 | 0 | 6.93 | ||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | none | ||||||
| A2P022: Health | indoor air quility (indoor CO2 concentration) - measured on the extract air of the mechanical ventilation system. Relative humidity to avoid mold. | thermal comfort diagram | |||||
| A2P022: Education | none | ||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | Maximum 1/3 transport with car | none | |||||
| A2P022: Energy | On-site energy ratio | Local energy production 150% of energy need | Space heating demand, thermal energy delivered by district heating, electricity of the heat pump, thermal losses of the pipes, and PV production. | normalized CO2/GHG & Energy intensity | Energy | ||
| A2P022: Water | |||||||
| A2P022: Economic development | cost of excess emissions | ||||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | 50% rental apartments and 50% owner apartments | ||||||
| A2P022: Waste | |||||||
| A2P022: Other | |||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | |||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | District Heating | ||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | yes | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | no | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | |||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P026: Other | Local transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries | ||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | Walkability | ||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version) | Miljöbyggnad silver/guld | Two buildings are certified "Passive House new build" | In Spain it is mandatory the Energy Performance Certificate in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling | |||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | Yes | No | No | No | No | ||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | LEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD) | ||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | Relevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels. | City strategy: Net climate neutrality 2030 | - Testing the combination of renewable technologies at district level. - Optimization of the generation side based on the weather forecasting and demand side. - Optimization of the control system, connected to the central node, to design and perform virtual analyses based on the combination of all the systems and infrastructures. - Optimization of ICT systems. - Design and management of a virtual analysis - Optimization of efficient measures: building performance, user´s behaviour… - Combination of flexible storage systems to operate the global installation. | The study aligns closely with the decarbonisation and energy reduction pathways of residential multi family buildings with 1.5°C global warming target in Sweden. This study will also contribute to the achievement of the carbon neturality of whole Borlänge city by 2030. | |||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | No gas grid in Brunnshög | District heating based mainly on heat pumps and renewable sources | NA | ||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | - Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district. | Local waste heat is utlized to a very large extent. More local electricity production is needed. Need to minimise the use of private cars. | The priority was to eliminate the CO2 emissions by optimizing the building envelope and the heating systems. | - Create a thermal energy storage tank to be used for air conditioning the buildings. - Some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour and spaces liveability and comfort. - Optimizing the coupling between technologies. - Guarantee the flexibility to operate the renewable installations to operate in different phases and with different configurations. - CEDER is a public research center and needs to have connected any energy system to the same grid. - CEDER has an industrial develop area where some experimental thermal storage system could be tested. | In our project, we carried out a comprehensive exploration of strategies to achieve positive energy districts in a Swedish residential portfolio. The focus on urban energy transitions necessitates a holistic approach that integrates building retrofit, solar technology exploration, and heating supply optimisation. Exploration of Local Solar Sources: The analysis reveals varying solar irradiance resources throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of strategic placement. Integration of combined photovoltaic and thermal panels into building envelopes demonstrates the potential to cover a significant portion of the energy demand even in Sweden. Heating Supply Optimisation with Solar Technologies: Despite the surplus energy production from on-site solar technology, challenges arise due to temporal energy asymmetry. The introduction of heat pumps emerges as a feasible solution to balance energy gaps, utilising both rejected and free heat. Optimisation scenarios, utilising a combination of geothermal heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and PVT, showcase remarkable reductions in emissions and primary energy consumption. Urban Form and Energy Infrastructure Design: We realised the importance of returning to urban form and energy infrastructure design to optimise future residential portfolio potential. Building layout design, influenced by zoning regulations and innovative typologies, plays a crucial role in achieving district level energy efficiency. Future challenges, including demographic shifts, e-mobility, and climate change, necessitate a more holistic approach to energy infrastructure design, addressing not only heating and electricity demands but also cooling requirements. | ||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners. | Need to minimise the use of private cars. Need to provide efficient methods for sorce separated waste collection. | - Minimize the building energy consumption while maintaining indoor comfort levels. - Onsite renewable production with flexible storage elements to fix demand side and generation side. - Flexible control solutions through digitalization systems. | While our investigation primarily centres on technical optimisation within Positive Energy District (PED) development, it is essential to acknowledge the broader scope encompassing social and governance dimensions. Specifically, understanding stakeholders' willingness to embrace technical recommendations upon project completion is important. Several potential influencing factors merit exploration, including economic considerations, technical optimisation-associated embodied carbon balance, the general public's technical perceptions, and operational feasibility. Evaluating these aspects holistically not only enhances the efficacy of PED initiatives but also fosters greater acceptance and participation within the communities they serve. | |||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | Attractivenes | ||||||
| A3P007: Social models | |||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | |||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | |||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | Carbon free in terms of energy | ||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | - Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021 | The municipality cannot demand a specific energy solution to private property owners. It has to be voluntary and market based solutions. | - European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (Renewable energy directive - 2018/2001/EU and Common rules for the internal electricity market directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013. | ||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production. | Vision: The city as a power plant. The ultimate goal is that more energy is produced within the distric boundaries than is being used (heating, electricity & mobility). Energy efficient buildings, efficient mobility, reuse of residual heat and solar electricity are the main methods. | Extremely low building energy demand, the electric energy of the heat pump used for space heating is significantly lower compared to thermal energy for the domestic hot water preparation. | The Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Sweden presents a compelling case study for its classification as a PED-related research, given its alignment with sustainable behaviours and overarching PED development principles as follows: Inclusivity and Social Equity: The residential portfolio situated in Rymdgatan caters primarily to a low-income community. By focusing on this demographic, the project addresses critical aspects of social equity within sustainable urban development. Ensuring access to energy-efficient housing and amenities for economically disadvantaged populations not only fosters social cohesion but also mitigates energy poverty, a pressing concern in many urban contexts. Multifamily Residential Building: The inclusion of multifamily residential buildings within the portfolio underscores a commitment to density and efficient land use, both essential components of sustainable urban design. Such developments promote resource optimisation by consolidating housing units, thereby reducing per capita energy consumption and infrastructure demands. Moreover, multifamily dwellings often facilitate community engagement and shared resource management, fostering a culture of sustainability among residents. Low Carbon Retrofitting and Transition: The overarching initiative to transition the entire Jakobsgårdarna district. The included Rymdgatan portfolio, towards low carbon retrofitting, represents a significant example of decarbonization and climate resilience. By integrating energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions into existing infrastructure, the project not only reduces carbon emissions but also serves as a blueprint for revitalising old urban environments sustainably. This holistic approach to retrofitting demonstrates a systemic commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term sustainability. Climate Adaptation and Renewable Energy Integration: Despite Sweden's climatic challenges, including lower solar resources during winter months, the Rymdgatan project leverages its geographical context to optimize renewable energy utilization. Sweden's greater solar resource availability during summer and geothermal potentials complement the design's emphasis on seasonal energy planning, where surplus energy generated during peak periods can be stored or redistributed efficiently. By embracing climate-responsive design strategies, the project demonstrates resilience in the face of climate variability while harnessing renewable energy potential effectively. | |||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | - Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders | The aim is to build a sustainable city with minimal climate impact and maximum quality of life. PED is an important step to acheive the aims of a very ambitious city development. | Since it is an urban area, with high building and apartment density, the need for CO2 reduction is quite relevant and thus, in new built, the minimization of CO2 emissions is crucial. | Borlänge city has committed to become the carbon-neutral city by 2030. | |||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Urban area | Urban area | Urban area | Urban area | Rural | Urban area | Urban area |
| B1P004: Type of district | |||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 2022 | 2022 | 1990 | ||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 4500 | 0 | 100 | ||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 18000 | 780 | 100 | ||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | 2000 | 6 | |||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | 22000 | 6 | |||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0.026666666666667 | 0.068716412650868 | 0 | 0.010658622423328 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||||
| B1P013: Residential | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 4360 | ||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | 60000 | ||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | 2000000 | ||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | Outdoor parking: 100000 | 706 | |||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||||
| B1P014: Residential | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | 600000 | 4360 | |||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | 650000 | ||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | 50000 | ||||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | 400000 | ||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | 706 | ||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | |||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | CEDER will follow an integrative approach including technology for a permanent installation. | ||||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | |||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | District | |||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | CIEMAT. Data detail in contact: mariano.martin@ciemat.es and oscar.izquiedo@ciemat.es | ||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | No | |||||
| B2P006: Other | |||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | |||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | Research center/University | |||||
| B2P008: Other | |||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | |||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | The operation of the laboratory with all the components of the energy networks requires a collaborative work between various departments and entities. On the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the operation of renewable systems based on the weather conditions, forecast of the demand side and the flexibility of the generation systems. On the other hand, the optimization of the energy demands through a more sustainable behaviour of both the building and the users want to be acquired. For this, it is necessary to take into account technical aspects but also market, comfort and encourage the user participation, creating a decision-making matrix that allows optimizing the operation of the global system. | ||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | |||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | - Innovative grid configuration to connect bio boilers and solar thermal on buildings. - Environmental & air quality evaluation. - Testing and evaluation of high efficient heating & cooling systems: Gas, biomass, geothermal and absorption H&C pumps … - Definition and implementation of the different regulation modes for the global system. Using the data from the research focused-partners, several regulation modes for the DH network could be defined and implemented in order to obtain an optimal operation of the network. - Innovation in MPC control to enable harvesting 100% renewables in the most efficient way. - Physical integration of the technologies with the existing facilities at the living lab. - Connection between the solar thermal collectors to achieve the lowest heat losses, providing the possibility to use the grid as high or low temperature DH, according to the demand schedule of the buildings. - Test the bio-boiler of the last generation and ultra-low emissions biomass condensing boiler in order to increase efficiency and reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions of the DH plant. - Control of the supply temperature of the DH grid to enable 100% renewables harvesting in the most efficient way. - Research of the incidence of a normal building or a bioclimatic building in the DH grid demand. - Methodologies for concept validation: Definition of the minimum requirements to verify the suitability of the solutions proposed. - Tests campaign: Experimental operation and characterization in a relevant environment, to exploit the technologies at their best and test different demand profiles, different configuration and loads, with real time monitoring and continuous commissioning to control the performance of the technology. - Validation and upgrading recommendation for the DH&C at district level. - Evaluation of innovation actions for potential energy interventions with demand response in buildings. - The complete available infrastructure (MV and LV electric systems, transformation hubs, end consumption, generation sources, communication elements, etc.) belongs to CEDER-CIEMAT, making this the perfect scenario to test and try the performance of “Smart Grid” and “Microgrid” projects. - The type of electric grid, its voltage levels (MV or LV), its variety of real loads (different buildings with different profiles: industrial buildings, offices and so on) and its sources of renewable generation and storage, mean it is ideal for intermediate tests between a small-scale laboratory and final deployment of the real product. | ||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | CEDER - CIEMAT is a public research body assigned to the Ministry of Science and Innovation under the General Secretariat for Research, focusing on energy and environment. To develop this lab CIEMAT has relations with private renewable companies, research centers and academia institutions. | ||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | CIEMAT is a public body, so it´s open to any institution according the actual regulation and agreements. | ||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | |||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | |||||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | ? | Urban area very high buildings (and apartment) density and thus, less available space for renewable sources. | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | |||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | |||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other | |||||||
| C1P012: Other (if any) | |||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
