| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tartu, Estonia | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aveiro, Portugal | V2G-QUESTS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Győr Geothermal District Heating Project | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| SmartEnCity, Lecce | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| STARDUST, Trento | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| mySMARTlife, Helsinki | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sinfonia, Bolzano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hunziker Areal, Zürich | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Sharing Cities, Milano | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Otaniemi, Espoo | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zukunftsquartier, Vienna | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Barrio La Pinada, Paterna | PED Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Võru +CityxChange | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Furuset project, Oslo | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Laser Valley – Land of Lights | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Ydalir project | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fornebu, Bærum | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Fleuraye west, Carquefou | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Smart Energy Åland | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Uncompare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Uncompare |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Groningen, PED North | Lublin | Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Tartu, City centre area | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Tartu, Estonia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Groningen, PED North | Lublin | Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Tartu, City centre area | Oulu, Kaukovainio | Tartu, Estonia |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||
| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||||
| PED case study | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| PED relevant case study | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| PED Lab. | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Energy community | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes |
| Circularity | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Electrification | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
| Net-zero emission | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | no |
| Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Other (A1P004) | |||||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | In operation | Planning Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | |||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 12/18 | 11/22 | 02/16 | 12/23 | |||
| A1P007: End Date | |||||||
| A1P007: End date | 12/23 | 11/25 | 07/22 | 11/26 | |||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | |||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | |||||||
| A1P010: Sources | |||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | |||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 6.535121 | 22.5684 | 10.007 | 15.3969 | 26.722737 | 25.517595084093507 | 26.7481 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 53.234846 | 51.2465 | 57.041028 | 48.2752 | 58.380713 | 64.99288098173132 | 58.3708 |
| A1P012: Country | |||||||
| A1P012: Country | Netherlands | Poland | Denmark | Austria | Estonia | Finland | Estonia |
| A1P013: City | |||||||
| A1P013: City | Groningen | Lublin | Aalborg | Schönbühel an der Donau | Tartu | Oulu | Tartu |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Cfa | Cfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Dfc | Dfb |
| A1P015: District boundary | |||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Virtual | Geographic | Functional | Geographic | |
| Other | Regional (close to virtual) | ||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Mixed | Private | Public | Private | Private | Mixed | Public |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 7 | 5 | 0 | 18 | 6 | ||
| A1P019: Conditioned space | |||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 1.01 | 21664.73 | 477 | 35217 | 19700 | ||
| A1P020: Total ground area | |||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 17.132 | 72833.47 | 31308000 | 2450 | 793144 | 60000 | 5400000 |
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 6500000 | ||||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 4000000 | ||||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 8000000 | ||||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | |||||||
| A1P022: Other | |||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | Developing and demonstrating new solutions | ||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | |||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | Lublin PED Area is geographically bounded and the ambition is to reach Self-Sufficiency. There is a shopping centre with a large rooftop area for solar generation and there are also an empty lot (just on the east side of the building) and a carpark area (on the north side) next to the commercial centre. These areas can also be evaluated for on-site (on the ground – or canopies for cars) energy generation. There are also new built (mainly in 2012) residential blocks with high efficiency and this district is so-called an “eco-district”. Thanks to the District Heating Grid (DHN), all buildings are connected to each other the network has potential for sharing mechanisms in the PED Area. Another opportunity for renewable energy is that these buildings are connected to more or less the end point of DHN and for this reason, a waste heat potential from the return pipe may also be considered. There are also small size residentials, that are not connected to the DHN, around the PED area and this enlightened the technical team for exporting energy from PED to these areas with a new infrastructure. | ||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 25 | 5 | |||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | |||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Dorota Wolińska-Pietrzak | Kristian Olesen | Ghazal Etminan | Jaanus Tamm | Samuli Rinne | Dr. Gonçalo Homem De Almeida Rodriguez Correia |
| A1P027: Organization | Municipality of Groningen | Lublin Municipality | Aalborg University | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | Tartu City Government | City of Oulu | Delft University of Technology |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University |
| A1P028: Other | |||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | dwolinska@lublin.eu | Kristian@plan.aau.dk | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | Jaanus.tamm@tartu.ee | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | g.correia@tudelft.nl |
| Contact person for other special topics | |||||||
| A1P030: Name | Alex Søgaard Moreno | Kaspar Alev | Samuli Rinne | Qiaochu Fan | |||
| A1P031: Email | asm@aalborg.dk | Kaspar.alev@tartu.ee | samuli.rinne@ouka.fi | q.fan-1@tudelft.nl | |||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | |||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | |||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | SEE: D4.1 - Methodology and Guidelines for PED design https://makingcity.eu/results/#1551708358627-aefa76ef-66b2 | Stakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenarios | Energy modeling | Energy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP) | Different kinds of waste heat streams are utilized by heat pumps. These are district heating return water (actually this is an indirect way to cool down the flue gas in the scrubber), ventilation exhaust air and sewage water. As a normal case, in ventilation also air-to-air heat exchanges are used. PV power is harvested also, in vertical and more horizontal panels. Buildings are well insulated to decrease the needed amount of heating energy in the first place. | |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | No | No | No | No | |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | No | No | No | No | No | |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | Large combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic. | Not included. However, there is a charging place for a shared EV in one building. | ||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 218 | 0.066 | 9.1 | 2.1 | ||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.33 | 148 | 0.012 | 0.2 | |||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P011: PV | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | ||||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.5 | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | ||||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 300 | 2.2 | |||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | Very little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid. | Heat is produced from DH return, refrigeration and exhaust air. The mentioned 2200 MWh/a includes HP el. consumption (about 1/6 of that) | ||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 620 | 0.079 | 2.3 | ||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 399 | 0.0011 | |||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | ||||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 300 | ||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.7 | ||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | |||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.2857142857143 | 0 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 4 | 980 | 0 | ||||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | |||||||
| A2P022: Health | Encouraging a healthy lifestyle | ||||||
| A2P022: Education | |||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | Modal Split, Fuel mix in mobility, Energy use for transportation, Access to public transport, Public infrastructure promoting low-carbon mobility, Number of public EV charging stations, Energy delivered for EV charging | Improved accessibility to V2G-related transport options, focusing on inclusivity and equitable adoption in urban districts | |||||
| A2P022: Energy | Final energy consumption, Primary energy consumption, Energy imported to PED, Energy exported from PED, RES production, PED energy balance, Energy savings in the PED, GHG emissions, Reduction of emissions, Final energy consumption per capita, Primary energy consumption per capita, Primary energy sources (shares), Buildings connected to DH-network or renewable energy grid, GHG emissions per capita, System flexibility for energy players, RES storage usage, Peak load reduction | Target zero greenhouse gas emissions through the adoption of EVs with V2G capabilities, aiming to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and enhance local grid stability | |||||
| A2P022: Water | |||||||
| A2P022: Economic development | Total investments, Payback time, Economic value of savings | Development of viable business models for V2G that allow decentralized energy markets to integrate with the grid, enhancing local economic resilience | |||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | Specify the associated KPIs | Development of housing prices, Housing cost overburden rate, Citizen engagement/empowerment to climate conscious actions, Inhabitants in dense areas, Energy poverty | |||||
| A2P022: Waste | Recycling rate | ||||||
| A2P022: Other | Smart Cities strategies, Quality of open data | ||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | yes | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | |||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | yes | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | |||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | yes | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: Other | |||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P026: Other | |||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate | The obligatory buildijng energy classification | |||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | No | No | No | No | |||
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | |||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | Reduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030 | Carbon neutrality by 2035 | |||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | Heating Grid | ||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | Decarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city. | Developing and demonstrating solutions for carbon neutrality | |||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | - Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings. | E. g. visualizing energy and water consumption | ||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | |||||||
| A3P007: Social models | |||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | |||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | |||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | |||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | Current energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their own | |||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | The large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat. | The original idea is that the area produces at least as much it consumes. | |||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | The area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences. | Developing systems towards carbon neutrality. Also urban renewal. | |||||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Suburban area | Rurban | Urban area | Suburban area | |||
| B1P004: Type of district | |||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 16.931 | 4500 | 3500 | ||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 3500 | ||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.058333333333333 | 0 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||||
| B1P013: Residential | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||||
| B1P014: Residential | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Office | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | |||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | An ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area. | |||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | |||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | No new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies. | |||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | |||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | District | District | District | |||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | Kristian Olesen | |||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | Replication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED. | |||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | Yes | No | No | |||
| B2P006: Other | |||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | |||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | Municipality | Research center/University | Municipality | |||
| B2P008: Other | |||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | ||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | |||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | |||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | |||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | |||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | ||||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | |||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | |||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other |
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| C1P012: Other (if any) | |||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
