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NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Uncompare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Luxembourg, Betzdorf
«×»
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district
«×»
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
«×»
Lublin
«×»
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga
«×»
Évora, Portugal
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthLuxembourg, BetzdorfLeon, Former Sugar Factory districtRiga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student cityLublinIstanbul, Kadikoy district, CaferagaÉvora, Portugal
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynonoyesyesyesyesno
PED relevant case studynoyesnonononoyes
PED Lab.yesnononononoyes
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesnoyesyesyesno
Annual energy surplusyesyesyesnoyesnoyes
Energy communityyesyesnoyesyesyesyes
Circularityyesyesnonoyesnono
Air quality and urban comfortnoyesnonoyesnono
Electrificationnoyesnonononono
Net-zero energy costnonononoyesnono
Net-zero emissionyesnononoyesnono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nononoyesyesnono
Maximise self-sufficiencynonoyesyesyesnono
Othernonononononono
Other (A1P004)
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhaseImplementation PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhaseImplementation Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1806/2312/1801/2401/2010/19
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2304/2612/2312/2612/2209/24
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets,
  • Vehicle registration datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
  •  https://makingcity.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/MakingCity_D4_3_Analysis_of_FWC_candidate_areas_to_become_a_PED_Final.pdf.
  • Alpagut, B., Lopez Romo, A., Hernández, P., Tabanoğlu, O., & Hermoso Martinez, N. (2021). A GIS-Based Multicriteria Assessment for Identification of Positive Energy Districts Boundary in Cities. Energies, 14(22), 7517.
A1P011: Geographic coordinates
X Coordinate (longitude):6.5351216.361602-5.58479524.0816833922.568429.02631952687517-7.909377
Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484649.68277442.59339156.9524595651.246540.9884139524746138.570804
A1P012: Country
A1P012: CountryNetherlandsLuxembourgSpainLatviaPolandTurkeyPortugal
A1P013: City
A1P013: CityGroningenBetzdorfLeonRigaLublinIstanbulÉvora
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaCfbCsbCfbCfbCsbCsa
A1P015: District boundary
A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic
Other
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedPublicMixedPublicPrivateMixedMixed
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple Owners
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED7242115513
A1P019: Conditioned space
A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.01173.816.0690017000021664.73116052
A1P020: Total ground area
A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.13273.1456911926472833.471151727
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0001000
A1P022: Financial schemes
A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnononononono
A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnononononono
A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonononononono
A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnononononono
A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononono
A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnononononono
A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernoyesnonononono
A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesnonoyesnoyesyes
A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]750000019998275
A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononononono
A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernonononononono
A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
A1P022: Other
A1P023: Economic Targets
A1P023: Economic Targets
  • Boosting local businesses,
  • Boosting local and sustainable production
  • Other
  • Boosting local businesses,
  • Boosting local and sustainable production
  • Job creation,
  • Positive externalities,
  • Boosting local businesses,
  • Boosting local and sustainable production,
  • Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
  • Job creation,
  • Positive externalities,
  • Other
A1P023: OtherBoosting new investors to the area, - Increasing the touristic value of area and urban mobility at the area, - Increasing the regional value (housing price, etc.), - Providing economic advantages by switching to positive energy production
A1P024: More comments:
A1P024: More comments:Lublin PED Area is geographically bounded and the ambition is to reach Self-Sufficiency. There is a shopping centre with a large rooftop area for solar generation and there are also an empty lot (just on the east side of the building) and a carpark area (on the north side) next to the commercial centre. These areas can also be evaluated for on-site (on the ground – or canopies for cars) energy generation. There are also new built (mainly in 2012) residential blocks with high efficiency and this district is so-called an “eco-district”. Thanks to the District Heating Grid (DHN), all buildings are connected to each other the network has potential for sharing mechanisms in the PED Area. Another opportunity for renewable energy is that these buildings are connected to more or less the end point of DHN and for this reason, a waste heat potential from the return pipe may also be considered. There are also small size residentials, that are not connected to the DHN, around the PED area and this enlightened the technical team for exporting energy from PED to these areas with a new infrastructure.
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
Contact person for general enquiries
A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsJulien BertucciBegoña Gonzalo OrdenJudith StiekemaDorota Wolińska-PietrzakMr. Dogan UNERIJoão Bravo Dias
A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenSNHBMMunicipality of LeonOASCLublin MunicipalityMunicipality of KadikoyEDP Labelec
A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesOtherOtherMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesSME / Industry
A1P028: OtherMunicipality of Leon - ILRUVnot for profit private organisation
A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nljulien.bertucci@snhbm.lubegona.gonzalo@aytoleon.esjudith@oascities.orgdwolinska@lublin.eudogan.uneri@kadikoy.bel.trjoao.bravodias@edp.pt
Contact person for other special topics
A1P030: NameMonica Prada CorralMrs. Damla MUHCU YILMAZ
A1P031: EmailMonica.Prada@ilruv.esdamla.muhcu@kadikoy.bel.tr
Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
A2P001: Fields of application
A2P001: Fields of application
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Waste management
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Digital technologies,
  • Water use,
  • Indoor air quality,
  • Construction materials
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Digital technologies
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Digital technologies
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Digital technologies,
  • Indoor air quality
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
  • Digital technologies
  • Energy efficiency,
  • Energy flexibility,
  • Energy production,
  • E-mobility,
  • Digital technologies,
  • Waste management,
  • Construction materials
A2P001: Other
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Energy flexibility: - testing share energy solutions (public-private stakeholders) Digital technologies - smart city platform - smart energy management E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation.A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices.SEE: D4.1 - Methodology and Guidelines for PED design https://makingcity.eu/results/#1551708358627-aefa76ef-66b2
A2P003: Application of ISO52000
A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoNoNoYesNo
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoYesYesNoYes
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoYesNoYes
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus.
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.33.4980000.94
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.330.5750000.10
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P011: PVnonoyesnonoyesno
A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]1.240.51
A2P011: Windnononoyesnonono
A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Hydrononoyesnononono
A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]1.28
A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P011: PVT_elnonoyesyesnonono
A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.28
A2P011: Othernonononononono
A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P012: Geothermalyesnononononono
A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnonononoyesno
A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.08
A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnonoyesnonono
A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnononononono
A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: PVT_thyesnoyesnononono
A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P012: Othernonoyesnononono
A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centersConventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES.Two scenarios are conducted regarding Kadikoy PED energy generation. For the second scenario, just 0.53GWh/annum PV production is proposed.
A2P014: Annual energy use
A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]0.74
A2P015: Annual energy delivered
A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]0.49
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]00
A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
A2P017: Gasnononoyesnonono
A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Coalnonononononono
A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Oilnonononononono
A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P017: Othernonononononono
A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P018: PVnononononoyesno
A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]-0.26
A2P018: Windnonononononono
A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Hydrononononononono
A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononono
A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P018: Othernonononononono
A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Solar Thermalnonononononono
A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononono
A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonononononono
A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P019: Othernonononononono
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary00000-2.26923076923080
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]
A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
A2P022: Safety & Security
A2P022: Health
A2P022: Education
A2P022: Mobility
A2P022: Energy
A2P022: Water
A2P022: Economic development
A2P022: Housing and Community
A2P022: Waste
A2P022: Other
A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesnoyesnoyesyesyes
A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnoyesnonoyesyes
A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononononono
A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesnononononono
A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnononononono
A2P023: Waste to energyyesnononononono
A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
A2P023: Heat Pumpyesnoyesnoyesyesno
A2P023: Hydrogennonononoyesnono
A2P023: Hydropower plantnonoyesnononono
A2P023: Biomassnonononononono
A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
A2P023: Other
A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesyesyesyesyesnoyes
A2P024: Energy management systemyesyesyesyesyesnoyes
A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnoyesyesyesnono
A2P024: Smart electricity gridnononoyesyesnoyes
A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnonoyesyesnoyes
A2P024: Electric Storageyesyesnoyesyesnoyes
A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnonoyesyesnono
A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnonoyesyesnoyes
A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonoyesnononoyes
A2P024: Other
A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnonoyesnoyesnono
A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnoyesnoyesnoyes
A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesyesnonoyesnono
A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnononoyesnono
A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnoyesyesyesnoyes
A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnononoyesyesnoyes
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesnoyesyesnoyes
A2P025: Smart irrigationnonononononono
A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononoyes
A2P025: Smart surveillancenonononononoyes
A2P025: Other
A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nonoyesnoyesnono
A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nonononoyesnono
A2P026: e-Mobilityyesyesyesnoyesnoyes
A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnonoyesnononoyes
A2P026: Car-free areanonononononono
A2P026: Other
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesYesNoNoNoNo
A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateEnergy Performance Certificate - in Spain it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling)
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesYesNoNoNoNoNo
A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
  • New development strategies,
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Smart cities strategies,
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.)
  • Smart cities strategies,
  • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Smart cities strategies,
  • Urban Renewal Strategies,
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
  • New development strategies,
  • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Urban Renewal Strategies,
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
  • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
  • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
  • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
  • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
  • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
  • Biogas
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
  • Other
  • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
  • Electrification of Cooking Methods
A3P003: OtherHeating Grid
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.
A3P006: Economic strategies
A3P006: Economic strategies
  • Innovative business models,
  • Blockchain
  • Open data business models,
  • Innovative business models,
  • Demand management Living Lab
  • Innovative business models,
  • PPP models,
  • Circular economy models,
  • Demand management Living Lab,
  • Local trading
A3P006: Other
A3P007: Social models
A3P007: Social models
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Citizen Social Research,
  • Prevention of energy poverty,
  • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
  • Affordability
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
  • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
  • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
  • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
  • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
  • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
  • Citizen Social Research,
  • Prevention of energy poverty,
  • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
A3P007: Other
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
  • Strategic urban planning,
  • District Energy plans,
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
  • Building / district Certification
  • Strategic urban planning,
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
  • Digital twinning and visual 3D models
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
  • Strategic urban planning,
  • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
  • District Energy plans,
  • City Vision 2050,
  • SECAP Updates
A3P008: Other
A3P009: Environmental strategies
A3P009: Environmental strategies
  • Energy Neutral
  • Energy Neutral
  • Energy Neutral,
  • Low Emission Zone,
  • Net zero carbon footprint,
  • Carbon-free,
  • Life Cycle approach,
  • Greening strategies,
  • Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
  • Energy Neutral,
  • Low Emission Zone,
  • Net zero carbon footprint
A3P009: Other
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs.The PED main objective is to achieve the energy transition while preserving cultural heritage and improving citizen’s quality of life.
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentExpected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions.POCITYF brings together eight cities (Lightouse and Fellow cities), all having cultural heritage areas in their territory. All are intrinsically motivated to participate in the necessary energy transition not only for their conventional city districts of mixed-used, but also for districts with individually specificities as those belonging in their cultural heritage, which at the moment may be acting as barriers for their further environmental sustainability, but after POCITYF will be acting as a promising building retrofits roadmap for similar and other EU cities.
B1P003: Environment of the case study area
B2P003: Environment of the case study areaRuralUrban areaUrban areaUrban areaUrban area
B1P004: Type of district
B2P004: Type of district
  • New construction,
  • Renovation
  • New construction,
  • Renovation
  • Renovation
  • Renovation
B1P005: Case Study Context
B1P005: Case Study Context
  • New Development
  • Re-use / Transformation Area,
  • Retrofitting Area,
  • Preservation Area
  • Re-use / Transformation Area,
  • Retrofitting Area
  • Preservation Area
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P006: Year of construction
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential23.379
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
B1P011: Population density before intervention
B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
B1P012: Population density after intervention
B1P012: Population density after intervention0000000
B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
B1P013: Residentialnonoyesnonoyesno
B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Officenononononoyesno
B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Commercialnononononoyesno
B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Natural areasnonononononono
B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Dismissed areasnonononononono
B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P013: Othernonoyesnonoyesno
B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]Cultural Center, Sports Center / Total building and land use data of neigborhood 13,878 residential, 4,441 commercial using before intervention. For project area & 49 building area m2
B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
B1P014: Residentialnonoyesnonoyesno
B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Officenononononoyesno
B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Commercialnononononoyesno
B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Institutionalnonononononono
B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Natural areasnonononononono
B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Recreationalnonononononono
B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
B1P014: Othernonoyesnonoyesno
B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
B2P002: Installation life time
B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
B2P003: Scale of action
B2P003: ScaleDistrictDistrictDistrict
B2P004: Operator of the installation
B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoYes
B2P006: Other
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
  • Civic
  • Strategic
B2P007: Other
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityMunicipality
B2P008: Other
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
  • Academia,
  • Private,
  • Industrial,
  • Other
  • Academia,
  • Private,
  • Industrial,
  • Citizens, public, NGO
B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
  • Buildings,
  • Demand-side management,
  • Energy storage,
  • Energy networks,
  • Waste management,
  • Lighting,
  • E-mobility,
  • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
  • Social interactions,
  • Business models
  • Buildings,
  • Demand-side management,
  • Prosumers,
  • Renewable generation,
  • Efficiency measures,
  • Waste management,
  • Water treatment,
  • Lighting,
  • E-mobility,
  • Green areas,
  • Circular economy models
  • Buildings,
  • Demand-side management,
  • Prosumers,
  • Renewable generation,
  • Energy storage,
  • Energy networks,
  • Waste management,
  • E-mobility,
  • Social interactions,
  • Circular economy models
B2P011: Other
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
  • Tools for prototyping and modelling
  • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure
  • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
  • Tools for prototyping and modelling,
  • Tools, spaces, events for testing and validation
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
B2P014: Monitoring measures
B2P014: Monitoring measures
  • Execution plan,
  • Available data,
  • Type of measured data,
  • Equipment,
  • Level of access
  • Available data
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
B2P015: Key Performance indicators
  • Energy,
  • Social,
  • Economical / Financial
  • Energy
  • Energy
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P016: Execution of operations
B2P017: Capacities
B2P017: Capacities
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
B2P019: Available tools
B2P019: Available tools
  • Energy modelling,
  • Social models,
  • Business and financial models
B2P019: Available tools
B2P020: External accessibility
B2P020: External accessibility
C1P001: Unlocking Factors
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important2 - Slightly important
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
C1P002: Driving Factors
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
C1P003: Administrative barriers
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
C1P004: Policy barriers
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important
C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
C1P006: Environmental barriers
C1P006: Environmental barriers
C1P007: Technical barriers
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
C1P010: Financial barriers
C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
C1P011: Market barriers
C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important2 - Slightly important
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
C1P012: Stakeholders involved
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading
  • Planning/leading
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: Research & Innovation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Financial/Funding
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • None
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Business process management
  • Planning/leading
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • None
  • None
C1P012: Urban Services providers
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Planning/leading,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Real Estate developers
  • Construction/implementation
  • Construction/implementation
  • None
  • None
C1P012: Design/Construction companies
  • Construction/implementation
  • Construction/implementation
  • None
  • Construction/implementation
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
  • None
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • Design/demand aggregation
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
  • Construction/implementation
  • None
  • Planning/leading,
  • Design/demand aggregation,
  • Construction/implementation,
  • Monitoring/operation/management
C1P012: Other
  • None
C1P012: Other (if any)
Summary

Authors (framework concept)

Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

Contributors (to the content)

Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

Implemented by

Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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COST

COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

PED-EU-NET

The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

Action Details

Grant Holder
Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

Start of Action: 10 September 2020
End of Action: 09 September 2024
CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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