| Name | Project | Type | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Romania, Alba Iulia PED | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Munich, Harthof district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Lublin | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Bærum, Eiksveien 116 | CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Findhorn, the Park | InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED | ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Umeå, Ålidhem district | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Aalborg East | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare | |
| Ankara, Çamlık District | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Trenčín | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Luxembourg, Betzdorf | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Vantaa, Aviapolis | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Vidin, Himik and Bononia | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Oslo, Verksbyen | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Uden, Loopkantstraat | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Zaragoza, Actur | NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Aarhus, Brabrand | BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Izmir, District of Karşıyaka | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus | LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Espoo, Kera | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Freiburg, Waldsee | PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Graz, Reininghausgründe | PED Case Study | Uncompare | |
| Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Oulu, Kaukovainio | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Halmstad, Fyllinge | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare | |
| Lund, Brunnshög district | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Vienna, Am Kempelenpark | PED Case Study | Compare | |
| Évora, Portugal | POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Groningen, PED South | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | Compare |
| Groningen, PED North | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Lab | |
| Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Lab | Compare |
| Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district | STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Leon, Former Sugar Factory district | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga | MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Uncompare |
| Salzburg, Gneis district | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet | Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Tartu, City centre area | SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe | PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab | Compare |
| Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions | PED Relevant Case Study | Uncompare |
| Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab | PED Lab | Compare | |
| Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Case Study | Compare |
| Kifissia, Energy community | SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
| Title | Groningen, PED North | Graz, Reininghausgründe | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||
| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Groningen, PED North | Graz, Reininghausgründe | City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block | Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau | Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district | Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus |
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | ||||||
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | ||||||
| PED case study | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| PED relevant case study | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes |
| PED Lab. | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||
| Climate neutrality | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes |
| Annual energy surplus | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Energy community | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| Circularity | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Air quality and urban comfort | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Electrification | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Net-zero energy cost | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| Net-zero emission | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| Maximise self-sufficiency | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
| Other | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| Other (A1P004) | almost nZEB district | |||||
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||
| A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab | Implementation Phase | Implementation Phase | In operation | Implementation Phase | Planning Phase | Implementation Phase |
| A1P006: Start Date | ||||||
| A1P006: Start date | 12/18 | 2019 | 06/18 | 09/19 | 10/24 | |
| A1P007: End Date | ||||||
| A1P007: End date | 12/23 | 2025 | 03/22 | 10/23 | 10/28 | |
| A1P008: Reference Project | ||||||
| A1P008: Reference Project | ||||||
| A1P009: Data availability | ||||||
| A1P009: Data availability |
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| A1P009: Other | ||||||
| A1P010: Sources | ||||||
| Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates | ||||||
| X Coordinate (longitude): | 6.535121 | 15.407440 | 24.6543 | 15.3969 | 11.397323 | 29.258300 |
| Y Coordinate (latitude): | 53.234846 | 47.0607 | 60.1491 | 48.2752 | 44.507106 | 41.030600 |
| A1P012: Country | ||||||
| A1P012: Country | Netherlands | Austria | Finland | Austria | Italy | Turkey |
| A1P013: City | ||||||
| A1P013: City | Groningen | Graz | Espoo | Schönbühel an der Donau | Bologna | Istanbul |
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | ||||||
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). | Cfa | Dfb | Dfb | Dfb | Cfa | Cfa |
| A1P015: District boundary | ||||||
| A1P015: District boundary | Functional | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic | Geographic |
| Other | ||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | ||||||
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: | Mixed | Mixed | Private | Private | Mixed | Private |
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | ||||||
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner |
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | ||||||
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | 7 | 100 | 9 | 0 | 1962 | 15 |
| A1P019: Conditioned space | ||||||
| A1P019: Conditioned space [m²] | 1.01 | 112000 | 477 | |||
| A1P020: Total ground area | ||||||
| A1P020: Total ground area [m²] | 17.132 | 1000000 | 165000 | 2450 | 7800000 | 285.400 |
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | ||||||
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| A1P022: Financial schemes | ||||||
| A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
| A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | 308875 | |||||
| A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR] | ||||||
| A1P022: Other | ||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets | ||||||
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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| A1P023: Other | ||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | ||||||
| A1P024: More comments: | The “Reininghausgründe” are a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. In the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. It will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well. Some key-energy aspects: • characteristic 1: For the heat supply in the innovative Reininghaus energy model, low-temperature waste heat from a nearby steel plant is harnessed through the use of heat pumps. • characteristic 2: The district heating system operates at low temperatures. • characteristic 3: Generated heat that is not used immediately is stored in the power tower and supplied on demand. Other important aspects of the project are the following: • characteristic 1: Most houses are low-energy houses, some of the certified with the “Klima Aktiv” label • characteristic 2: There are extremely few parking possibilities for residents and visitors; this will foster the use of public transport and bikes • characteristic 3: All the necessary infrastructure for the “daily need” can be reached within walking distance The area of the project is going to be very “green” when finished. Featuring a big district parc, lots of other green spaces are in planning. | The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs | The Pilastro-Roveri area is a large peri-urban district in the northeast of the city of Bologna (about 650 hectares). In particular, the northern area is mainly characterised by the residential sector of Rione Pilastro, a significant complex of social housing built in the 1960s in response to the housing emergency due to migrations from southern Italy and nowadays satisfying more global migrations. The southern area is instead characterised by the presence of the production district called Roveri. The area appears relevant for the research as it has several evolution potentials towards a climate-neutral district. In particular some key factors are interesting: - the presence of one of the largest photovoltaic parks in Europe on the roofs of CAAB, characterised by a production of 11,350,000 Kw/h of primary energy; - the presence of companies attentive to the issues of climate change and energy, able to act as facilitators for the area. This is the case of FIVE, a leader in the production of electric bicycles, whose plant is the first nZEB (nearly Zero Energy Building) productive building in the city; - the high presence of industrial buildings of different sizes needing a reduction in energy consumption; - the presence of obsolete, sometimes in decay, and of general highly energy-intensive buildings in the Pilastro area, accompanied by spread phenomena of energy poverty; - the presence of spaces that could be converted (e.g. unused warehouses, unexploited green areas, etc.); - the presence of an active community, characterised by numerous associations, but also by social challenges linked to multiple vulnerabilities; - the presence of local actors interested in the development of the area (including the Municipality, the University, Confindustria, ENEA, Confartigianato, etc.). Two main research projects are actually ongoing in the area, applying solutions towards energy improvement and transition strategies to guide the area towards climate neutrality: - GECO - Green Energy Community, funded by EIT Climate-KIC and active since 2019, aims to trigger a virtuous path of energy sharing between companies and citizens through the creation of an energy community. - GRETA - Green Energy Transition Actions, funded by the H2020 programme, aims to understand drivers and barriers on the involvement of citizens in the energy transition processes, by formulating Community Transition Pathways and Energy Citizenship Contracts. [from: Boeri, A., Boulanger, S., Turci, G., Pagliula, S. (2021) Strategie e tecnologie abilitanti per PED misti: efficienza tra smart cities e industria 4.0. TECHNE, 22, 180-190] | In addition to having the most energy efficient academic building in Turkey, the university campus also has 3 buildings with LEED NC Campus certificate and LEED BD+C Gold certificate. In addition, it aims to continuously improve the energy efficiency objectives on campus in an innovative way. For this purpose, energy management and storage systems are being installed in the Dormitory 6 building, which is used as the demo area of the LEGOFIT project, for the purpose of turning it into a PED project. | ||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | ||||||
| A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR] | 1 | |||||
| Contact person for general enquiries | ||||||
| A1P026: Name | Jasper Tonen, Elisabeth Koops | Katharina Schwarz | Elina Ekelund | Ghazal Etminan | Prof. Danila Longo | Cem Keskin |
| A1P027: Organization | Municipality of Groningen | StadtLABOR, Innovationen für urbane Lebensqualität GmbH | Citycon Oyj | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | University of Bologna - Architecture Department | Center for Energy, Environment and Economy, Ozyegin University |
| A1P028: Affiliation | Municipality / Public Bodies | SME / Industry | SME / Industry | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Research Center / University |
| A1P028: Other | ||||||
| A1P029: Email | Jasper.tonen@groningen.nl | katharina.schwarz@stadtlaborgraz.at | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | Ghazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at | cem.keskin@ozyegin.edu.tr | |
| Contact person for other special topics | ||||||
| A1P030: Name | Hans Schnitzer | Elina Ekelund | M. Pınar Mengüç | |||
| A1P031: Email | hans.schnitzer@stadtlaborgraz.at | Elina.ekelund@citycon.com | pinar.menguc@ozyegin.edu.tr | |||
| Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P001: Fields of application | ||||||
| A2P001: Fields of application |
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| A2P001: Other | Urban Management; Air Quality | |||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | ||||||
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams | Energy efficiency: o Several activities: Workshops, Webinars to deepen the knowledge and raise awareness renewable energies o for example rooftop Photovoltaics green & blue infrastructures o Parks, Rooftop Gardens, Quarter Parks, Water elements included in the parks rooftop farming o To produce vegetables in the quarter stormwater management mobility o less parking and less cars in the district. Solutions for boosting public transport with sponsored public transport tickets; building of better bike and pedestrian infrastructure social aspects o district management was established in the district local supply of goods of daily need o Schools within 15 minutes walking distance Supermarkets and other shops within the district | Energy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric | Energy modeling | Energy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax incentives (110%, façade bonus, eco-bonus, sismabonus, renovation bonus, etc.); - several activities - such as Workshops, Webinars, Roundtables, Urban Trekking, etc…- are encouraged in the area to deepen knowledge and raise awareness on energy issues among urban stakeholders (householders, occupants, workers, etc..); - reduction in energy consumption also through every day energy saving actions. The spread of energy poverty phenomena in the area is considered urgent both for the medium-low-income population living in Pilastro and for small and medium-sized enterprises placed in Roveri; - Project for a One-stop-shop to guide residents and enterprises towards more conscious energy behaviours (planned in Bologna SECAP). Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a waste to energy plant connected to the district heating system; - presence of a large PV plant in the CAAB area - 11,350,000 Kw/h Energy flexibility: - testing energy community and collective self-consumption feasibility in Pilastro area through an active citizens involvement process; - testing energy community feasibility among SMEs in Roveri industrial area; - testing the potential of complementary energy consumption profiles between residential area (Pilastro) and industrial area (Roveri). Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviors; - Blog Pilastro as a tool to inform about the main activities and events ongoing in the area; E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services recovery (in fact during Covid-19 in the area Mobike service was suspended) and implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2); - Microclimatic simulation | LEED NC Campus + LEGOFIT Project Energy Efficiency: Tri- generation, Compliance with ISO 50001, ASHRAE 90.1, energy efficient appliances, HVAC and lighting Energy flexibility: Energy demand management Energy production: Solar PVs Onsite + (to be installed more) E-mobility: EV Charging stations Indoor Air Quality: Energy Management System, Compliance with ASHRAE 62.1, ASHRAE 55 Construction materials: Passive systems, LEED certified buildings, innovative materials such as PCM Waste Management: Zero waste document |
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | ||||||
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | ||||||
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | ||||||
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | No | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | ||||||
| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model. | - Number of cars per household - Fraction of electric cars - Number of public transport tickets (week/ annual tickets) | Mobility is not included in the energy model. | Not included, the campus is a non car area except emergencies | ||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | ||||||
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum] | 2.3 | 5.5 | 0.066 | |||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | ||||||
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum] | 0.33 | 5.8 | 0.012 | |||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | ||||||
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | ||||||
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | ||||||
| A2P011: PV | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.54 | |||||
| A2P011: Wind | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | ||||||
| A2P012: Geothermal | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 5 | |||||
| A2P012: Solar Thermal | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_heat | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | 0.1 | |||||
| A2P012: Waste heat+HP | yes | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: PVT_th | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | ||||||
| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers | Groundwater (used for heat pumps) | ||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use | ||||||
| A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum] | 11.3 | 0.079 | 3.5 | |||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered | ||||||
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum] | 5.76 | 0.0011 | ||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | ||||||
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | |||||
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | ||||||
| A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | |||||
| A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | |||||
| A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | 0 | |||||
| A2P017: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | ||||||
| A2P018: PV | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes |
| A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 0.00045547 | |||||
| A2P018: Wind | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: Hydro | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P018: Other | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum] | 5.26 | |||||
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | ||||||
| A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P019: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum] | ||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | ||||||
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0 | 1.0532319391635 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | ||||||
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum] | 0.036 | 0 | 4 | |||
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | ||||||
| A2P022: Safety & Security | ||||||
| A2P022: Health | ||||||
| A2P022: Education | ||||||
| A2P022: Mobility | x | |||||
| A2P022: Energy | x | On-site energy ratio | ||||
| A2P022: Water | x | |||||
| A2P022: Economic development | x | |||||
| A2P022: Housing and Community | x | Specify the associated KPIs | ||||
| A2P022: Waste | ||||||
| A2P022: Other | ||||||
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | ||||||
| A2P023: Photovoltaics | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P023: Geothermal energy system | yes | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Waste heat recovery | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Waste to energy | yes | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Heat Pump | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes |
| A2P023: Hydrogen | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biomass | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Biogas | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P023: Other | ||||||
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | ||||||
| A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Energy management system | yes | no | yes | yes | no | yes |
| A2P024: Demand-side management | yes | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Thermal Storage | yes | yes | yes | no | no | no |
| A2P024: Electric Storage | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | yes | no | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P024: Other | ||||||
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | ||||||
| A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | yes | no | no | yes | no | no |
| A2P025: High-performance new buildings | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Urban data platforms | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
| A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P025: Other | ||||||
| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | ||||||
| A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| A2P026: e-Mobility | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
| A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
| A2P026: Car-free area | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
| A2P026: Other | Local transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries | |||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | ||||||
| A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | - Multimodal mobility nodes - Support of public transport tickets - Mobility consulting - District management | |||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | ||||||
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate | Energieausweis mandatory if buildings/ flats/ apartments are sold | Energy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version) | Energy Performance Certificate for each dwelling | ||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | ||||||
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | |
| A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Klimaaktiv standard Voluntary! Certification can be for buildings and/or quarters. The different quarters are built in different standards. Ranging from bronze/silver/gold | LEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD) | LEED BD+C, LEED NC CAMPUS | |||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | ||||||
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | ||||||
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | City level targets Klimaschutzplan Graz - 2022 | Targets: - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Social justice and high quality of life - High innovation levels Mobilitätsplan Graz 2040 – under development | Targets: - Modal Split 80:20 until 2040 80% Public transport, bike, walking | 20% cars Kommunales Energiekonzept (2017) | Targets: - Increase of district heating Energiemasterplan Graz (2018) | Targets: - Energy efficiency of urban dwellings and infrastructures - District heating and solar energy - Energy efficiency of private dwellings - Climate conscious mobility National level targets Klimaschutzplan Österreich -draft, expected by 2024 | Targets: - Decarbonisation (reduction of GHG, renewable energies, - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Energy efficiency - Security of energy supply | Relevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels. | City level targets Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (PUMS) - 2019 | Targets: - by 2030 440,000 daily trips will no longer be made by car but on foot, by bike or by public transport; - by 2030 12% of vehicles will be electric; Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) - 2021 | Targets: - by 2025 deep renovation of 3% per year of residential homes (insulation of building envelopes and adoption of heat pump heating system); - by 2030 reduction of electricity consumption at least of 20% compared to 2018; - by 2030 100% coverage of electricity consumption for municipal buildings; - by 2030 increase public green areas by at least 10% Urban General Plan (PUG) - 2021 | Targets: - by 2030 net zero land consumption; National level targets Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan - 2020 | Targets: - by 2030 reduction of 43% for primary energy consumption, with respect to the reference 2007 scenario. - by 2030 increase of 30% of energy production from renewable sources; - by 2025 energy generation for electricity independent from the use of coal; | |||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | ||||||
| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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| A3P003: Other | Boiler Automation, Energy Management System, Electric Battery Storage, Demand Management and Flexible Pricing | |||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | ||||||
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | Reininghaus needs green spaces and places Sector coupling of water, waste water, electricity ICT and demand side management Mobility - Reininghaus needs better infrastructure for bikes and pedestrians - Public transportation should be more affordable and Sharing should be implemented in the district Infrastructure should cover daily needs within walking distance Infrastructure for local jobs and shared offices | - Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district. | Bologna needs to reach the climate neutrality proceeding by ‘part’ of the city. Pilastro-Roveri is a promising district due to the following reasons: - some buildings need to be renovated both to increase the energy performance, the seismic behaviour, spaces liveability and comfort; - Pilastro is a residential area with the presence of a high percentage of vulnerable inhabitants affected by energy poverty phenomenon. This situation needs to be prioritized; - Pilastro is characterized by the presence of large underused green spaces that can represent a valuable resource for social cohesion and for heat island phenomenon mitigation; - Roveri is an industrial area where some small-medium enterprises are investing in order to improve their facilities and to efficiency their production cycle; - Roveri and Pilastro areas present complementary energy consumption curves throughout the day/week with a high potential for energy sharing and flexibility. | Carbon and Energy Neutrality | ||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | ||||||
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed. | - citizen participation and promotion of functioning neighbourhoods (e.g., through city district management) As of today, solutions for the energy transition in the residential sector have focused on the construction of energy-efficient buildings and on the energy-efficient refurbishment of existing buildings. Measures to influence user behaviour and to directly address residents and neighbourhoods as actors of the energy transition play a minor role and are also not formalized. At the same time, moving into a new apartment offers a ‘window of opportunity’ to establish new everyday practices and behaviour. In already inhabited housing developments, well-functioning neighbourhoods or existing, ‘sustainability pioneers’ are key to motivating people to adopt more resource-efficient lifestyles. In order to prepare such agents of change towards more climate protection and sustainability in the context of housing, Austria launched the BAREWO project. The aim is to develop a kit of formats, methods, and interventions for resource-efficient housing. This toolkit will be tested in six testbeds, among which quarter 12 (Q12) of Graz- Reininghaus, as soon as first residents move in (approx. 2024). Austrian TRANS-PED partner StadtLABOR, which is also a partner in the BAREWO project, will support Q12 in this process. In parallel, a monitoring system will be developed to make the (climate) effects of the kit measurable. In addition, a guideline for property managers will be developed, which will serve as an orientation for them on how their residents can be coached in matters of climate protection and sustainability in everyday (residential) life. From the very beginning, (communication) measures are implemented and relevant stakeholders are involved in the project (project advisory board) to ensure the multiplicability, financing and broad application of the toolkit. If successful, the toolkit could also be scaled up to other quarters in Reininghaus. | For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners. | Bologna SECAP, as well as the participation to the 100 Climate-Neutral Cities, promotes the PED model as an enabling tool to foster city energy transition process. In Pilastro-Roveri district two main sustainable behaviours approaches can be identified: - bottom-up approach - some citizens are joining forces to create groups of energy self-consumption, in view of energy communities’ implementation and, at the same time, some companies have already undertaken some efficiency intervention on the production system by leveraging highly energy-efficient technologies; - top-down approach - GECO and GRETA are international ongoing projects on the area that promote innovation and energy transition with important fundings from the European Union, but with a particular focus on citizen engagement and participatory approach. Simultaneously, new and updated planning tools such as PUG, SECAP and SUMP identify in this part of Bologna city a key area to enable an ecological transition process holding together all relevant stakeholders - citizens, small-medium enterprises and Institutions. These two thrusts (bottom-up and top-down) need to be optimized in view of a participatory pathway towards the grounding of a Positive Energy District in Pilastro-Roveri. | Under LEGOFIT project, promoting sustainable behavior for better occupant experience is a targeted aim under a work package. | |
| A3P006: Economic strategies | ||||||
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
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| A3P006: Other | ||||||
| A3P007: Social models | ||||||
| A3P007: Social models |
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| A3P007: Other | ||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | ||||||
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
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| A3P008: Other | ||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies | ||||||
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
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| A3P009: Other | Carbon free in terms of energy | |||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | ||||||
| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | At national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen: Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation. Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries. The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals. Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity | Mobility contracts: A mobility contract is concluded between the City of Graz and the property developers in the course of development plans and serves to reduce the motor vehicle traffic to be expected as a result of the construction project. Push & pull measures are agreed: With a lower car parking space key, which is significantly lower than today's usual requirements, offers and information for easier use of public transport, walking and cycling, as well as car sharing and e-mobility are simultaneously created by the property developers, leading to a win-win-win situation for all parties involved. Basic principles - Possibility of combining effective "push & pull" measures => control option (e.g. reduction of car parking spaces, but optimisation of accessibility to public transport and walking and cycling networks, public transport tickets, mobility information, ... etc.) - Changing mobility behaviour in favour of sustainable forms of transport from the moment the flat is handed over ("upheaval" in personal mobility behaviour when changing the residential location) - Reduction in construction and maintenance costs (underground car parks, public road infrastructure) - Easier realisation of larger construction projects in the inner city area with lower generation of vehicle demand Städtebauliche Verträge in Graz / Urban development contracts in Graz Qualitative urban (neighbourhood) development with added value for all stakeholders: urban development contracts are modern instruments in the development of cities and neighbourhoods. As one of the pioneers in this field, the City of Graz also increasingly favours this form of quality assurance. Urban development contracts are a contractual form of regulation between the City of Graz and landowners, which enables flexible control of urban (sub)development in the interests of the common interests while at the same time relieving the public authorities. The contracts make property-related stipulations in accordance with urban planning requirements (e.g. urban development concept, development concept, framework plan, zoning plan) and the specialist planning requirements in particular infrastructure, development, design and mobility. This is intended to infrastructure, services of general interest, building land quality and settlement development required for the (parts of the) city. | - Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021 | PEDs in Italy are meant as strategies towards climate-neutrality: at national/regional/local level a specific legislation on PEDs development is not yet available. However, the European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (‘Renewable energy’ directive - 2018/2001/EU and ‘Common rules for the internal electricity market’ directive- 2019/944/EU). Italy, starting from 2020, has transposed the Directives at national level (‘Milleproroghe’ decree then made effective by ‘Promotion of Renewable sources’ decree 199/2021). At regional level Emilia Romagna in May 2022 developed a law encouraging EC model diffusion (LR 5/2022 ‘Promotion and support of renewable energy communities and renewable energy self-consumers acting collectively’). Energy Community, according to Lindholm et al. 2021, can be considered as ‘a first implementation step towards PEDs.’ | ISO 45001, ISO 14001, ISO 50001, Zero Waste Policy | |
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | ||||||
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | Reininghaus addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability. | Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production. | Pilastro-Roveri district can be considered as a PED-relevant area. Even though at the moment the area doesn’t meet annual energy positive balance, it addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability. | The campus should be considered a PED case study due to its exemplary commitment to sustainability and energy efficiency, as evidenced by several of its buildings achieving LEED certification. This certification underscores the campus's adherence to rigorous environmental standards and its proactive steps towards reducing carbon footprints. Also, the integration of sustainable practices across the campus aligns with the PED framework, which aims to create urban areas that produce more energy than they consume. Therefore, this campus serves as a model of how educational institutions can lead the way in fostering sustainable communities and advancing the goals of PED. | ||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | ||||||
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | The Reininghausgründe is a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. On the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. The quarter will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the historical city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well. | - Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders | Pilastro-Roveri district is not actually meant to become a PEDs. However, it can be considered as a PED-relevant case-study since a participatory transition pathway towards a more sustainable, efficient and resilient district is gaining ground, involving the main urban stakeholders. At the same time, the most recent city plan and policies (such as the city SECAPs - updated in 2021) are promoting PED model as a key strategy to guide Bologna towards climate neutrality by 2030. | The purpose of implementing the PED project on this sustainable campus, where several buildings have LEED certification, is to further enhance its energy efficiency and environmental stewardship by creating a district that generates more energy than it consumes. The initiator was motivated by the need to address climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote renewable energy sources. Additionally, the campus's existing commitment to sustainability and the success of its LEED-certified buildings provided a strong foundation for demonstrating the feasibility and benefits of PED development, serving as a model for sustainable urban living and energy self-sufficiency. | ||
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area | ||||||
| B2P003: Environment of the case study area | Urban area | Urban area | Rurban | Urban area | Suburban area | |
| B1P004: Type of district | ||||||
| B2P004: Type of district |
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| B1P005: Case Study Context | ||||||
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
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| B1P006: Year of construction | ||||||
| B1P006: Year of construction | 2025 | 2022 | 2024 | |||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | ||||||
| B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | 0 | |||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | ||||||
| B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | 10000 | |||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | ||||||
| B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | 0 | 9800 | ||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | ||||||
| B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | 9800 | |||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | ||||||
| B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 |
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | ||||||
| B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34.337771548704 |
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | ||||||
| B1P013: Residential | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Office | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Commercial | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
| B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | 285.400 | |||||
| B1P013: Natural areas | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Recreational | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P013: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | ||||||
| B1P014: Residential | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Office | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Commercial | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Institutional | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
| B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²] | 280000 | |||||
| B1P014: Natural areas | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Recreational | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
| B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B1P014: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no |
| B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²] | ||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | ||||||
| B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city. | |||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | ||||||
| B2P002: Installation life time | The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact. | |||||
| B2P003: Scale of action | ||||||
| B2P003: Scale | District | |||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | ||||||
| B2P004: Operator of the installation | The Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties. | |||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | ||||||
| B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials | |||||
| B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | ||||||
| B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | No | |||||
| B2P006: Other | ||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | ||||||
| B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab |
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| B2P007: Other | ||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | ||||||
| B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | Municipality | |||||
| B2P008: Other | ||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | ||||||
| B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab |
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| B2P009: Other | research companies, monitoring company, ict company | |||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | ||||||
| B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | ||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | ||||||
| B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab |
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| B2P011: Other | ||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | ||||||
| B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab |
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| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | ||||||
| B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | ||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures | ||||||
| B2P014: Monitoring measures |
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| B2P015: Key Performance indicators | ||||||
| B2P015: Key Performance indicators |
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| B2P016: Execution of operations | ||||||
| B2P016: Execution of operations | ||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | ||||||
| B2P017: Capacities | ||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | ||||||
| B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | ||||||
| B2P019: Available tools | ||||||
| B2P019: Available tools |
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| B2P019: Available tools | ||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | ||||||
| B2P020: External accessibility | ||||||
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors | ||||||
| C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | ||||||
| C1P002: Driving Factors | ||||||
| C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | Earthquakes due to gas extraction | |||||
| C1P003: Administrative barriers | ||||||
| C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of public participation | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P004: Policy barriers | ||||||
| C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | ||||||
| C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | ||||||
| C1P006: Environmental barriers | Air Quality Management Importance Level: 5 (Very Important) Energy Efficiency Importance Level: 5 (Very Important) Water Conservation Importance Level: 5 (Very Important) Waste Management Importance Level: 4 (Important) Material Selection Importance Level: 4 (Important) Renewable Energy Integration Importance Level: 5 (Very Important) Heat Island Effect Mitigation Importance Level: 4 (Important) Noise Pollution Control Importance Level: 3 (Moderately Important) | |||||
| C1P007: Technical barriers | ||||||
| C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Deficient planning | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | ||||||
| C1P008: Inertia | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Rebound effect | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | ||||||
| C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P010: Financial barriers | ||||||
| C1P010: Hidden costs | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Economic crisis | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important |
| C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | 2 - Slightly important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P011: Market barriers | ||||||
| C1P011: Split incentives | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy price distortion | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important |
| C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important |
| C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | ||||||
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved | ||||||
| C1P012: Government/Public Authorities |
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| C1P012: Research & Innovation |
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| C1P012: Financial/Funding |
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| C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data |
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| C1P012: Business process management |
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| C1P012: Urban Services providers |
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| C1P012: Real Estate developers |
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| C1P012: Design/Construction companies |
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| C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens |
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| C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs |
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| C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce |
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| C1P012: Other (if any) | ||||||
| Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)
