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NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Uncompare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center
«×»
Kifissia, Energy community
«×»
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district
«×»
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab
«×»
Halmstad, Fyllinge
«×»
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal
«×»
Zaragoza, Actur
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthEspoo, Leppävaara district, Sello centerKifissia, Energy communityLeon, Former Sugar Factory districtBarcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLabHalmstad, FyllingeInnsbruck, Campagne-ArealZaragoza, Actur
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesnoyesnononono
PED relevant case studynonoyesnonoyesyesyes
PED Lab.yesnononoyesnonono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesnonononoyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesnonoyesnononoyes
Energy communityyesnoyesnoyesyesnono
Circularityyesnonononononono
Air quality and urban comfortnonoyesnonononono
Electrificationnonoyesnoyesnonoyes
Net-zero energy costnononononononono
Net-zero emissionyesnononoyesnoyesyes
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonononoyesnonono
Maximise self-sufficiencynoyesnoyesnononono
Othernonononoyesnonono
Other (A1P004)Green IT
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhaseImplementation PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhaseIn operationPlanning PhaseCompletedPlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1809/1912/1801/201101/2104/1601/23
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2310/2212/2302/201301/3004/22
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • General statistical datasets
  • General statistical datasets
  • General statistical datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
  • M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf,
  • Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf
    •  https://makingcity.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/MakingCity_D4_3_Analysis_of_FWC_candidate_areas_to_become_a_PED_Final.pdf.
      A1P011: Geographic coordinates
      X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512124.810123.814588-5.5847952.112.9205411.424346738140256-0.8891
      Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484660.217938.07734942.59339141.356.6519447.27147078672910441.6488
      A1P012: Country
      A1P012: CountryNetherlandsFinlandGreeceSpainSpainSwedenAustriaSpain
      A1P013: City
      A1P013: CityGroningenEspooMunicipality of KifissiaLeonBarcelona and TarragonaHalmstadInnsbruckZaragoza
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaDfbCsaCsbCsaDwbDfbBSk
      A1P015: District boundary
      A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicVirtualGeographicVirtualGeographicGeographicGeographic
      OtherThe energy will be produced by a PV plant installed on the terrace of a municipal building. Members of the energy community (that is under formation) will benefit from the energy produced via virtual net metering. PV instalment and the buildings (owned by the members of the community) will be within the boundaries of the Municipality but not necessary in the same area/district/neighbourhood
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedMixedPublicMixedMixedPublic
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple Owners
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED7521025046
      A1P019: Conditioned space
      A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.0126795616.0690022277
      A1P020: Total ground area
      A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.1325300073.1456911351
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area05000020
      A1P022: Financial schemes
      A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnonononoyesnono
      A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenononononononono
      A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnonononononono
      A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnononononononono
      A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnonononononono
      A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnononononononono
      A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnonononononono
      A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernononononononono
      A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesyesnononoyesnono
      A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]629000
      A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononononoyesno
      A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnononononononono
      A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernononononononono
      A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022: Other
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      • Boosting local businesses,
      • Boosting local and sustainable production
      • Job creation,
      • Positive externalities,
      • Boosting local businesses
      • Job creation,
      • Boosting local and sustainable production
      • Boosting local and sustainable production
      • Job creation,
      • Other
      A1P023: OtherCreate affordable appartments for the citizens
      A1P024: More comments:
      A1P024: More comments:Semi-Virtual Energy Integration Laboratory (SEILAB) The Energy Smart Lab is an infrastructure conceived as a flexible and versatile platform for innovative technological developments for both industry and competitive R+D projects. The areas of expertise of this laboratory pivot around the following technologies: – Power Electronics for the integration and control of the elements within a building or community: Renewable Energy Sources (RES), Energy Storage Systems and Electric Vehicles (EV) – ICT Platform for smart communications and energy management of systems, building, networks and communities. – Energy System Integration technologies for smart and flexible buildings and grids including RES and EV. The laboratory operation is based on the hardware emulation approach, which allows for real physical equipment to be operated under a broad range of scenarios without depending on the real occurrence of the boundary conditions suitable for the experimental validation. The laboratory is pioneer in addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation.Owners are two local social housing companies. The complete district will consist 4 building blocks, from which only the first one with 4 building is ready built and occupied. At the end, it would be a district of ca. 1100 flats in 16 buildings with 78000 m2
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
      Contact person for general enquiries
      A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsJaano JuhmenArtemis Giavasoglou, Kleopatra KalampokaBegoña Gonzalo OrdenDr. Jaume Salom, Dra. Cristina CorcheroMarkus OlofsgårdGeorgios DermentzisClara Lorente
      A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenSIEMENS - Data Center ForumMunicipality of Kifissia – SPARCS local teamMunicipality of LeonIRECAFRYUniversity of InnsbruckCIRCE
      A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesSME / IndustryMunicipality / Public BodiesOtherResearch Center / UniversityOtherResearch Center / UniversityResearch Center / University
      A1P028: OtherMunicipality of Leon - ILRUV
      A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlJaano.juhmen@siemens.comgiavasoglou@kifissia.grbegona.gonzalo@aytoleon.esJsalom@irec.catmarkus.olofsgard@afry.comGeorgios.Dermentzis@uibk.ac.atCLORENTEM@FCIRCE.COM
      Contact person for other special topics
      A1P030: NameStavros Zapantis - vice mayorMonica Prada Corral
      A1P031: Emailstavros.zapantis@gmail.comMonica.Prada@ilruv.es
      Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
      A2P001: Fields of application
      A2P001: Fields of application
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Waste management
      • Energy production
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy production,
      • Indoor air quality
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Construction materials
      A2P001: Other
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit Energy production: - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Energy flexibility: - testing share energy solutions (public-private stakeholders) Digital technologies - smart city platform - smart energy management E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation.Energy SmartLab capacities - Building simulation model: thermal inertia and thermal loads of a building or community can be co-simulated with a building model. – System Operator and Aggregator simulation models: the interaction with remote control actions carried out by electricity System Operators or flexibility Aggregators can be simulated as well. – Grid simulation model: the physical interaction of the building with the grid power supply can be simulated enabling the experimental validation of flexibility services to the network. Energy SmartLab systems - SAFT Li-ion battery: maximum stored energy 20000 Wh, rated power 150 kW, rated discharge current 200 A, rated charge current 34 A, operating voltage 189 V – 227 V – 254 V, capacity 82 Ah. – Ultracapacitors: maximum stored energy 57 Wh, rated power 10 kW, rated current 20 A, peak current (<1s) 200 Apk, operating voltage 250 V – 500 V, capacity 1,65 F. – Electric vehicle second life battery: maximum stored energy 23300 Wh, rated power 40 kW, rated current 150 A, operating voltage 240 V – 400 V, capacity 32 Ah - 5 microgrid emulators (emulated power 5.5 kVA, max generation connected 10kVA, max consumption connected 10 kVA) - 1 grid emulator (Rated power: 200 kVA, Rated current per phase: 350 A, Rated current per neutral conductor: 35)link based regulation of electricity gridThe buildings are designed based on Passive House standards and dynamic building and system simulations are performed to optimise the HVAC systems, that are a ground-water heat pump for space heating and district heating for domestic hot water preparation. Photovoltaic systems are installed in the available roof spaces, however, more renewable sources are required due to very large number of apartments (very high density) to reach PED, and thus, simulation studies are performed.
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoNoNo
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoYesNoYes
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoYesYesNo
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.– Electric vehicle second life battery: maximum stored energy 23300 Wh, rated power 40 kW, rated current 150 A, operating voltage 240 V – 400 V, capacity 32 Ah
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.33.490.39
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.330.570.655
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P011: PVnonoyesyesyesyesyesno
      A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]1.240.42
      A2P011: Windnononononononono
      A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Hydronononoyesnononono
      A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]1.28
      A2P011: Biomass_elnononononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnononononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: PVT_elnononoyesnononono
      A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.28
      A2P011: Othernononononononono
      A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P012: Geothermalyesnonononoyesnono
      A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnonononononono
      A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnonononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
      A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnonononononono
      A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: PVT_thyesnonoyesnononono
      A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnononononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Othernononoyesnononono
      A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers
      A2P014: Annual energy use
      A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]0.96
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]-2
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
      A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P017: Gasnonononoyesnonono
      A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Coalnononononononono
      A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Oilnononononononono
      A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Othernononononononono
      A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P018: PVnononononononono
      A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Windnononononononono
      A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Hydronononononononono
      A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_elnononononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnononononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: PVT_elnononononononono
      A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Othernononononononono
      A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P019: Geothermalnononononononono
      A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Solar Thermalnononononononono
      A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_heatnononononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Waste heat+HPnononononononono
      A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: PVT_thnononononononono
      A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnononononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Othernononononononono
      A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary00000000
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]
      A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
      A2P022: Safety & Security
      A2P022: Healthindoor air quility (indoor CO2 concentration) - measured on the extract air of the mechanical ventilation system. Relative humidity to avoid mold.
      A2P022: Education
      A2P022: Mobility
      A2P022: EnergySpace heating demand, thermal energy delivered by district heating, electricity of the heat pump, thermal losses of the pipes, and PV production.
      A2P022: Water
      A2P022: Economic development
      A2P022: Housing and Community
      A2P022: Waste
      A2P022: Other
      A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
      A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesnonoyesyesyesyesyes
      A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnonoyesnononono
      A2P023: Wind Turbinesnononononononono
      A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesnonononononoyes
      A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnonononononono
      A2P023: Waste to energyyesnonononononono
      A2P023: Polygenerationnononononononono
      A2P023: Co-generationnononononononono
      A2P023: Heat Pumpyesnonoyesnonoyesyes
      A2P023: Hydrogennononononononono
      A2P023: Hydropower plantnononoyesnononono
      A2P023: Biomassnononononononono
      A2P023: Biogasnononononononono
      A2P023: Other
      A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
      A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesnonoyesyesyesnono
      A2P024: Energy management systemyesnonoyesyesnonoyes
      A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnonoyesnoyesnono
      A2P024: Smart electricity gridnonononoyesyesnono
      A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnononononoyesno
      A2P024: Electric Storageyesnononoyesnonono
      A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnononononoyesno
      A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnonononoyesnono
      A2P024: P2P – buildingsnononoyesnonoyesno
      A2P024: Other
      A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
      A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnononoyesnononono
      A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnonoyesnononono
      A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesnononononoyesno
      A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnonononononono
      A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnonoyesnononono
      A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnononononononono
      A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)nonononoyesnoyesno
      A2P025: Smart irrigationnononononononono
      A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnononononononono
      A2P025: Smart surveillancenononononononono
      A2P025: Other
      A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
      A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nononoyesyesnonono
      A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nononononononono
      A2P026: e-Mobilityyesnonoyesnononoyes
      A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnononoyesnononono
      A2P026: Car-free areanononononononono
      A2P026: Other
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesNoYesYes
      A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateEnergy Performance Certificate - in Greece it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwellingEnergy Performance Certificate - in Spain it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling)Two buildings are certified "Passive House new build"
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNo
      A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • New development strategies,
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.)
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • New development strategies
      • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
      • Smart cities strategies
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
      • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
      • Biogas
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
      • Other
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
      A3P003: OtherDistrict heating based mainly on heat pumps and renewable sources
      A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
      A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities-Allows for real physical equipment to be operated under a broad range of scenarios without depending on the real occurrence of the boundary conditions suitable for the experimental validation -Pioneer in addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation.The priority was to eliminate the CO2 emissions by optimizing the building envelope and the heating systems.
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.-Improving the development of Net Zero Energy Buildings and Flexible Energy buildings.
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      • Innovative business models,
      • Blockchain
      • Demand management Living Lab
      • Local trading
      A3P006: Other
      A3P007: Social models
      A3P007: Social models
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Citizen Social Research,
      • Prevention of energy poverty,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Digital Inclusion,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Social incentives,
      • Affordability,
      • Prevention of energy poverty,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
      A3P007: Other
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • District Energy plans,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates
      • Strategic urban planning
      A3P008: Other
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      • Energy Neutral
      • Energy Neutral,
      • Low Emission Zone,
      • Pollutants Reduction,
      • Greening strategies
      • Energy Neutral,
      • Carbon-free
      • Energy Neutral,
      • Low Emission Zone
      A3P009: Other
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity- European Commission has legislated on Energy Community (‘Renewable energy’ directive - 2018/2001/EU and ‘Common rules for the internal electricity market’ directive- 2019/944/EU). - Spanish building certification is regulated through Royal Decree 235/2013.
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionExtremely low building energy demand, the electric energy of the heat pump used for space heating is significantly lower compared to thermal energy for the domestic hot water preparation.
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentSince it is an urban area, with high building and apartment density, the need for CO2 reduction is quite relevant and thus, in new built, the minimization of CO2 emissions is crucial.
      B1P003: Environment of the case study area
      B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaSuburban areaUrban areaUrban area
      B1P004: Type of district
      B2P004: Type of district
      • New construction,
      • Renovation
      • New construction
      • New construction
      • Renovation
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      • Re-use / Transformation Area,
      • Retrofitting Area,
      • Preservation Area
      • New Development
      • Re-use / Transformation Area,
      • New Development
      • Retrofitting Area
      B1P006: Year of construction
      B1P006: Year of construction2022
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential780
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P011: Population density before intervention
      B1P011: Population density before intervention00000000
      B1P012: Population density after intervention
      B1P012: Population density after intervention0000000.0687164126508680
      B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
      B1P013: Residentialnononoyesnononono
      B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Officenononononononono
      B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Industry and Utilitynononononononono
      B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Commercialnononononononono
      B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Institutionalnononononononono
      B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Natural areasnononononoyesnono
      B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Recreationalnononononononono
      B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Dismissed areasnononononononono
      B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Othernononoyesnononono
      B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
      B1P014: Residentialnononoyesnonoyesno
      B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Officenononononononono
      B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Industry and Utilitynononononononono
      B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Commercialnonononononoyesno
      B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Institutionalnonononononoyesno
      B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Natural areasnononononononono
      B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Recreationalnonononononoyesno
      B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Dismissed areasnononononononono
      B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Othernononoyesnononono
      B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.addressing the concept and implementation of Microgrids and aims to become a leading experimental facility for improving the optimal development of Flexible Energy Buildings and Flexibility Aggregation
      B2P002: Installation life time
      B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
      B2P003: Scale of action
      B2P003: ScaleDistrictVirtual
      B2P004: Operator of the installation
      B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.IREC
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
      B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
      B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNo
      B2P006: Other
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      • Civic
      • Strategic,
      • Private
      B2P007: Other
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityResearch center/University
      B2P008: Other
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      • Academia,
      • Private,
      • Industrial,
      • Other
      B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      • Buildings,
      • Demand-side management,
      • Energy storage,
      • Energy networks,
      • Waste management,
      • Lighting,
      • E-mobility,
      • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
      • Social interactions,
      • Business models
      • Demand-side management,
      • Energy storage,
      • Energy networks,
      • Efficiency measures,
      • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
      B2P011: Other
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      • Tools for prototyping and modelling
      • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
      • Tools for prototyping and modelling,
      • Tools, spaces, events for testing and validation
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      • Execution plan,
      • Available data,
      • Type of measured data,
      • Equipment,
      • Level of access
      • Equipment
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      • Energy,
      • Social,
      • Economical / Financial
      • Energy,
      • Environmental
      B2P016: Execution of operations
      B2P016: Execution of operations
      B2P017: Capacities
      B2P017: Capacities- Building simulation model: thermal inertia and thermal loads of a building or community can be co-simulated with a building model. – System Operator and Aggregator simulation models: the interaction with remote control actions carried out by electricity System Operators or flexibility Aggregators can be simulated as well. – Grid simulation model: the physical interaction of the building with the grid power supply can be simulated enabling the experimental validation of flexibility services to the network.
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P019: Available tools
      • Energy modelling,
      • Social models,
      • Business and financial models
      • Energy modelling
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P020: External accessibility
      B2P020: External accessibility
      C1P001: Unlocking Factors
      C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
      C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
      C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
      C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
      C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
      C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important
      C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
      C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
      C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important
      C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
      C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
      C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
      C1P002: Driving Factors
      C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important
      C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important
      C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
      C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
      C1P003: Administrative barriers
      C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
      C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
      C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
      C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
      C1P004: Policy barriers
      C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
      C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
      C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
      C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
      C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
      C1P006: Environmental barriers
      C1P006: Environmental barriersUrban area very high buildings (and apartment) density and thus, less available space for renewable sources.
      C1P007: Technical barriers
      C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
      C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
      C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
      C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
      C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
      C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
      C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
      C1P010: Financial barriers
      C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
      C1P011: Market barriers
      C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
      C1P012: Stakeholders involved
      C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading
      C1P012: Research & Innovation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Financial/Funding
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Business process management
      • Planning/leading
      • Design/demand aggregation
      C1P012: Urban Services providers
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Real Estate developers
      • Construction/implementation
      • Construction/implementation
      • Planning/leading
      C1P012: Design/Construction companies
      • Construction/implementation
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
      • None
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading
      C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Construction/implementation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Other
      C1P012: Other (if any)
      Summary

      Authors (framework concept)

      Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

      Contributors (to the content)

      Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

      Implemented by

      Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
      Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

      Join the Action

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      COST

      COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

      PED-EU-NET

      The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

      Action Details

      Grant Holder
      Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

      Start of Action: 10 September 2020
      End of Action: 09 September 2024
      CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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