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NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Uncompare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district
«×»
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
«×»
Kifissia, Energy community
«×»
Halmstad, Fyllinge
«×»
Uden, Loopkantstraat
«×»
Vidin, Himik and Bononia
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthLeipzig, Baumwollspinnerei districtRiga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student cityKifissia, Energy communityHalmstad, FyllingeUden, LoopkantstraatVidin, Himik and Bononia
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesyesnononoyes
PED relevant case studynononoyesyesyesno
PED Lab.yesnononononono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesyesnonoyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesnonononoyesyes
Energy communityyesnoyesyesyesnono
Circularityyesnononononono
Air quality and urban comfortnoyesnoyesnonono
Electrificationnoyesnoyesnoyesno
Net-zero energy costnonononononono
Net-zero emissionyesnononononono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonoyesnononono
Maximise self-sufficiencynonoyesnononono
Othernoyesnonononono
Other (A1P004)Net-zero emission; Annual energy surplus
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhaseImplementation PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhaseIn operationPlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1801/2401/2106/1712/18
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2312/2601/3005/2312/30
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • General statistical datasets
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
        • Inger Andresen, Tonje Healey Trulsrud, Luca Finocchiaro, Alessandro Nocente, Meril Tamm, Joana Ortiz, Jaume Salom, Abel Magyari, Linda Hoes-van Oeffelen, Wouter Borsboom, Wim Kornaat, Niki Gaitani, Design and performance predictions of plus energy neighbourhoods – Case studies of demonstration projects in four different European climates, Energy and Buildings, Volume 274, 2022, 112447, ISSN 0378-7788, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112447. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778822006181),
        • Deliverable, Report: Integrated Energy Design for Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods (syn.ikia),
        • Deliverable, Report: DEMONSTRATION CASE OF SUSTAINABLE PLUS ENERGY NEIGHBOURHOODS IN MARINE CLIMATE (syn.ikia),
        • https://www.synikia.eu/no/bibliotek/
          A1P011: Geographic coordinates
          X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512112.31845824.0816833923.81458812.920545.619122.8826
          Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484651.32649256.9524595638.07734956.6519451.660643.9936
          A1P012: Country
          A1P012: CountryNetherlandsGermanyLatviaGreeceSwedenNetherlandsBulgaria
          A1P013: City
          A1P013: CityGroningenLeipzigRigaMunicipality of KifissiaHalmstadUdenVidin
          A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
          A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaDfbCfbCsaDwbCfbCfa
          A1P015: District boundary
          A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalFunctionalGeographicVirtualGeographicGeographicGeographic
          OtherGeographicThe energy will be produced by a PV plant installed on the terrace of a municipal building. Members of the energy community (that is under formation) will benefit from the energy produced via virtual net metering. PV instalment and the buildings (owned by the members of the community) will be within the boundaries of the Municipality but not necessary in the same area/district/neighbourhood
          A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
          A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedPublicMixedPrivateMixed
          A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
          A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple Owners
          A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
          A1P018: Number of buildings in PED7215250174
          A1P019: Conditioned space
          A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.0117000170000236098759.53
          A1P020: Total ground area
          A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.132300001192643860195234.80
          A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
          A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0110011
          A1P022: Financial schemes
          A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnononoyesyesno
          A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]7804440
          A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
          A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnononononono
          A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonononononono
          A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnononononoyes
          A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononono
          A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnononononono
          A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernonononononono
          A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesnoyesnoyesnono
          A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]7500000
          A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononononono
          A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
          A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernonononononono
          A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
          A1P022: Other
          A1P023: Economic Targets
          A1P023: Economic Targets
          • Boosting local businesses,
          • Boosting local and sustainable production
          • Boosting local businesses,
          • Boosting local and sustainable production
          • Boosting local and sustainable production
          A1P023: OtherSustainable and replicable business models regarding renewable energy systems
          A1P024: More comments:
          A1P024: More comments:The project is a follow-up from the “Social Beautiful” concept which was developed in collaboration between Labyrint (Support in sheltered housing), Area (housing company), the municipality of Uden, and Hendriks Coppelmans (developer). The concept aims to provide an answer to changes in various policy areas and the changing demands of society. The Social Beautiful concept consists of the following elements: 1. Living, working, and community services are brought together in one location. A multifunctional residential and service centre is being realized at the location. 2. Housing is shaped by the realization of financially accessible homes suitable for the target group. The housing design is tailored to the target group. it may also include sheltered / protected living. 3. Work takes place at the location or from the same location. The work has a social function within the neighbourhood. Wage-related work must contribute to providing structure in the daily activities of the residents. 4. Neighbourhood management is organized from the location in the surrounding neighbourhood. A service package is provided from the residential and service centre that contributes to the ability of neighbourhood residents to live independently for longer, to strengthen the social network, and to improve the quality of life and safety in the neighbourhood. 5. The houses are suitable for use at all times for regular rental. Communal facilities must be realized within the contours of a regular apartment. The objective is to offer a suitable living and working situation to a group of vulnerable citizens. In this way they become a fully-fledged part of society. They not only make use of the facilities themselves, but also give substance to the level of facilities in the municipality. Due to the integrated approach, they experience a greater sense of well-being and security.
          A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
          A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]7804440
          Contact person for general enquiries
          A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsSimon BaumJudith StiekemaArtemis Giavasoglou, Kleopatra KalampokaMarkus OlofsgårdTonje Healey TrulsrudDaniela Kostova
          A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenCENERO Energy GmbHOASCMunicipality of Kifissia – SPARCS local teamAFRYNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)Green Synergy Cluster
          A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesOtherOtherMunicipality / Public BodiesOtherResearch Center / UniversityOther
          A1P028: OtherCENERO Energy GmbHnot for profit private organisationCluster
          A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlsib@cenero.dejudith@oascities.orggiavasoglou@kifissia.grmarkus.olofsgard@afry.comtonje.h.trulsrud@ntnu.nodaniela@greensynergycluster.eu
          Contact person for other special topics
          A1P030: NameSimon BaumStavros Zapantis - vice mayor
          A1P031: Emailsib@cenero.destavros.zapantis@gmail.com
          Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYes
          A2P001: Fields of application
          A2P001: Fields of application
          • Energy efficiency,
          • Energy flexibility,
          • Energy production,
          • E-mobility,
          • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
          • Waste management
          • Energy efficiency,
          • Energy flexibility,
          • Energy production
          • Energy efficiency,
          • Energy flexibility,
          • Energy production,
          • E-mobility,
          • Digital technologies
          • Energy production
          • Energy flexibility,
          • Energy production,
          • E-mobility,
          • Digital technologies
          • Energy efficiency,
          • Energy flexibility,
          • Energy production,
          • Waste management,
          • Indoor air quality,
          • Construction materials
          • Energy efficiency,
          • Energy production
          A2P001: Other
          A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
          A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsA suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices.link based regulation of electricity gridEnergy efficiency: Energy efficient envelope, with good insulation, triple glazing windows and airtight envelope. (EPC = 0) Energy Flexibility: MCP controls for the heat pump in the apartments. Energy production: PV panels on the roof, Ground source heat pumps Waste management: construction waste was kept to a minimum and sorted and collected separately as much as possible. Indoor air quality: Exhaust ventilation and opening of windows Construction materials: low carbon emission building materials
          A2P003: Application of ISO52000
          A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoNoYesNo
          A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
          A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesNoNoNo
          A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
          A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesYesNoYes
          A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
          A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus.not included
          A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
          A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.31.6580000.148
          A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
          A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.3350000.109
          A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
          A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
          A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
          A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
          A2P011: PVnoyesnoyesyesyesno
          A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.058
          A2P011: Windnonoyesnononono
          A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: Hydrononononononono
          A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
          A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
          A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: PVT_elnonoyesnononono
          A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P011: Othernonononononono
          A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
          A2P012: Geothermalyesnononoyesyesno
          A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnononononono
          A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnoyesnononono
          A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
          A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnononononono
          A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
          A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: PVT_thyesnononononono
          A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
          A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P012: Othernonononononono
          A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
          A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centersConventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES.*Annual energy use below is presentedin primary energy consumption
          A2P014: Annual energy use
          A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]2.4210.194
          A2P015: Annual energy delivered
          A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]0.0368
          A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
          A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
          A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
          A2P017: Gasnonoyesnononono
          A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
          A2P017: Coalnonononononono
          A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
          A2P017: Oilnonononononono
          A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
          A2P017: Othernonononononono
          A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
          A2P018: PVnonononononono
          A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Windnonononononono
          A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Hydrononononononono
          A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononono
          A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
          A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
          A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P018: Othernonononononono
          A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
          A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
          A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Solar Thermalnonononononono
          A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononono
          A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonononononono
          A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
          A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
          A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
          A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P019: Othernonononononono
          A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
          A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
          A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary0000000
          A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
          A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]-0.00043
          A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
          A2P022: Safety & SecurityPersonal Safety
          A2P022: HealthHealthy community
          A2P022: Education
          A2P022: MobilitySustainable mobility
          A2P022: EnergyapplyNOn-renewable primary energy balance, renewable energy ratio, grid purchase factor, load cover factor/self-generation, supply cover factor/self-consumption, net energy/net power, peak delivered/peak expoted, total greenhouse gas emission
          A2P022: Water
          A2P022: Economic developmentcapital costs, operational cots, overall economic performance (5 KPIs)
          A2P022: Housing and Communitydemographic composition, diverse community, social cohesion
          A2P022: Waste
          A2P022: OtherSmartness and flecibility, Indoor Environmental Quality, Social performance - Equity (affordable housing, access to servicees and amenitioes, afforability of energy, living conditions, sustinable mobility, universal design)
          A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
          A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesnononoyesyesyes
          A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnononononono
          A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononononono
          A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesnonononoyesyes
          A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnononononono
          A2P023: Waste to energyyesnononononono
          A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
          A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
          A2P023: Heat Pumpyesnonononoyesyes
          A2P023: Hydrogennonononononono
          A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononononono
          A2P023: Biomassnonononononono
          A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
          A2P023: Other
          A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
          A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesnoyesnoyesnono
          A2P024: Energy management systemyesnoyesnonoyesno
          A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnoyesnoyesyesno
          A2P024: Smart electricity gridnonoyesnoyesnono
          A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnoyesnononono
          A2P024: Electric Storageyesnoyesnononoyes
          A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnoyesnononono
          A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnoyesnoyesyesno
          A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonononononono
          A2P024: Other
          A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
          A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnonononononoyes
          A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnononononono
          A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesnonononoyesno
          A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnononononono
          A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnoyesnononono
          A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnonoyesnononono
          A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)nonoyesnonoyesno
          A2P025: Smart irrigationnonononononono
          A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononono
          A2P025: Smart surveillancenonononononono
          A2P025: Other
          A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
          A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nonononononono
          A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nonononononono
          A2P026: e-Mobilityyesnononononono
          A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnonononononono
          A2P026: Car-free areanonononononono
          A2P026: Other
          A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
          A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notesTest-Concept for bidirectional charging.
          A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
          A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesNoNoYes
          A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateEnergy Performance Certificate - in Greece it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwellingEPC = 0, energy neutral building
          A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
          A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNo
          A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
          A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
          A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
          • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
          • New development strategies,
          • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
          • Smart cities strategies,
          • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
          • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
          • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
          • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
          • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
          • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
          • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
          • New development strategies
          A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
          A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
          A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
          A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
          • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
          • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
          • Biogas
          • Biogas
          A3P003: Other
          A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
          A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
          A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
          A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.
          A3P006: Economic strategies
          A3P006: Economic strategies
          • Innovative business models,
          • Blockchain
          • Innovative business models,
          • Other
          • Open data business models,
          • Innovative business models,
          • Demand management Living Lab
          • Local trading
          A3P006: Otheroperational savings through efficiency measures
          A3P007: Social models
          A3P007: Social models
          • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
          • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
          • Citizen Social Research,
          • Prevention of energy poverty,
          • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
          • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
          • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
          • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
          • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
          • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
          • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
          • Social incentives,
          • Quality of Life
          • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
          • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
          • Quality of Life,
          • Prevention of energy poverty
          A3P007: Other
          A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
          A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
          • Strategic urban planning,
          • District Energy plans,
          • City Vision 2050,
          • SECAP Updates
          • Digital twinning and visual 3D models
          • Strategic urban planning
          • Strategic urban planning,
          • City Vision 2050,
          • SECAP Updates
          A3P008: Other
          A3P009: Environmental strategies
          A3P009: Environmental strategies
          • Energy Neutral
          • Other
          • Energy Neutral
          • Energy Neutral,
          • Carbon-free
          • Pollutants Reduction,
          • Greening strategies
          A3P009: OtherPositive Energy Balance for the demo site
          A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
          A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity
          B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
          B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs.The demonstration projects is a new residential development, which consists of an apartment complex which includes 39 apartments spread over 3 floors. It is a sustainble plus energy neighbouhood, and has reached a plus energy balance on its first year in operation. It has MPC controls on the individual heat pumps to improve the energy flexibility of the apartments. It includes the "social beatiful" concepts with a strong emphasis on the social sustainability of the project.
          B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
          B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentExpected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions.The need for social housing and the ambition to create a great living environment with a high-performance apartment complex, supplied with renewable energy. It results in lower energy bills for the tenants and high-quality homes.
          B1P003: Environment of the case study area
          B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaSuburban areaSuburban areaUrban area
          B1P004: Type of district
          B2P004: Type of district
          • New construction
          • New construction
          • Renovation
          B1P005: Case Study Context
          B1P005: Case Study Context
          • Preservation Area
          • New Development
          • New Development
          • Retrofitting Area
          B1P006: Year of construction
          B1P006: Year of construction
          B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
          B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
          B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
          B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
          B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
          B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
          B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
          B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
          B1P011: Population density before intervention
          B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
          B1P012: Population density after intervention
          B1P012: Population density after intervention0000000
          B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
          B1P013: Residentialnonononononoyes
          B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]64 787,57
          B1P013: Officenonononononono
          B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
          B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Commercialnonononononoyes
          B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]262,33
          B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
          B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Natural areasnonononoyesnono
          B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
          B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Dismissed areasnonononononono
          B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P013: Othernonononononono
          B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
          B1P014: Residentialnononononoyesno
          B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]2394
          B1P014: Officenonononononono
          B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
          B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Commercialnonononononono
          B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Institutionalnonononononoyes
          B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]35322.21
          B1P014: Natural areasnonononononono
          B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Recreationalnonononononono
          B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
          B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B1P014: Othernonononononono
          B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
          B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
          B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
          B2P002: Installation life time
          B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
          B2P003: Scale of action
          B2P003: ScaleDistrict
          B2P004: Operator of the installation
          B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.
          B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
          B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
          B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
          B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?No
          B2P006: Other
          B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
          B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
          • Civic
          B2P007: Other
          B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
          B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipality
          B2P008: Other
          B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
          B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
          • Academia,
          • Private,
          • Industrial,
          • Other
          B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
          B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
          B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
          B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
          B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
          • Buildings,
          • Demand-side management,
          • Energy storage,
          • Energy networks,
          • Waste management,
          • Lighting,
          • E-mobility,
          • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
          • Social interactions,
          • Business models
          B2P011: Other
          B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
          B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
          • Tools for prototyping and modelling
          B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
          B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
          B2P014: Monitoring measures
          B2P014: Monitoring measures
          • Execution plan,
          • Available data,
          • Type of measured data,
          • Equipment,
          • Level of access
          B2P015: Key Performance indicators
          B2P015: Key Performance indicators
          • Energy,
          • Social,
          • Economical / Financial
          B2P016: Execution of operations
          B2P016: Execution of operations
          B2P017: Capacities
          B2P017: Capacities
          B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
          B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
          B2P019: Available tools
          B2P019: Available tools
          • Energy modelling,
          • Social models,
          • Business and financial models
          B2P019: Available tools
          B2P020: External accessibility
          B2P020: External accessibility
          C1P001: Unlocking Factors
          C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
          C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
          C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important
          C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
          C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
          C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
          C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
          C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
          C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important
          C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important
          C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
          C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
          C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
          C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important
          C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
          C1P002: Driving Factors
          C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important
          C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important
          C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
          C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
          C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
          C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
          C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
          C1P003: Administrative barriers
          C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
          C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
          C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)Delay in the Environmental Dialogue processing in the municipality
          C1P004: Policy barriers
          C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
          C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
          C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
          C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
          C1P006: Environmental barriers
          C1P006: Environmental barriers
          C1P007: Technical barriers
          C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
          C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
          C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
          C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
          C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
          C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
          C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
          C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
          C1P010: Financial barriers
          C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
          C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important
          C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
          C1P011: Market barriers
          C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
          C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
          C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
          C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
          C1P012: Stakeholders involved
          C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation
          • Planning/leading
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          C1P012: Research & Innovation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • None
          C1P012: Financial/Funding
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Planning/leading,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • None
          C1P012: Business process management
          • Planning/leading
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • None
          C1P012: Urban Services providers
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Planning/leading,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Design/demand aggregation
          C1P012: Real Estate developers
          • Construction/implementation
          • Construction/implementation
          • Construction/implementation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          C1P012: Design/Construction companies
          • Construction/implementation
          • Construction/implementation
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation
          C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
          • None
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Construction/implementation
          C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Design/demand aggregation
          • Design/demand aggregation
          C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
          • Planning/leading,
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation,
          • Monitoring/operation/management
          • Construction/implementation
          • Construction/implementation
          • Design/demand aggregation,
          • Construction/implementation
          C1P012: Other
          C1P012: Other (if any)
          Summary

          Authors (framework concept)

          Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

          Contributors (to the content)

          Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

          Implemented by

          Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
          Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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          COST

          COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

          PED-EU-NET

          The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

          Action Details

          Grant Holder
          Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

          Start of Action: 10 September 2020
          End of Action: 09 September 2024
          CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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