Filters:
NameProjectTypeCompare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Uncompare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Uncompare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Uncompare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleTartu, City centre area
Oulu, Kaukovainio
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing
Uden, Loopkantstraat
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet
Oslo, Verksbyen
Roubaix, MustBe0 - Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabTartu, City centre areaOulu, KaukovainioKladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter StadiumMaia, Sobreiro Social HousingUden, LoopkantstraatBarcelona, Santa Coloma de GramenetOslo, VerksbyenRoubaix, MustBe0 - Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesnononoyesyesno
PED relevant case studyyesnoyesnoyesnonoyes
PED Lab.yesnonoyesnononono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusnonoyesnoyesyesyesyes
Energy communitynonoyesnonononono
Circularityyesyesnononononono
Air quality and urban comfortnononononoyesyesyes
Electrificationyesyesyesnoyesnonono
Net-zero energy costnononononononono
Net-zero emissionyesnononononoyesno
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nononononononono
Maximise self-sufficiencyyesnonoyesnononono
Othernononononononono
Other (A1P004)
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhaseIn operationPlanning PhasePlanning PhaseIn operationImplementation PhaseImplementation PhaseCompleted
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date02/16202210/2106/1707/1801/22
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date07/2210/2405/2308/2401/24
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • General statistical datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
    • Inger Andresen, Tonje Healey Trulsrud, Luca Finocchiaro, Alessandro Nocente, Meril Tamm, Joana Ortiz, Jaume Salom, Abel Magyari, Linda Hoes-van Oeffelen, Wouter Borsboom, Wim Kornaat, Niki Gaitani, Design and performance predictions of plus energy neighbourhoods – Case studies of demonstration projects in four different European climates, Energy and Buildings, Volume 274, 2022, 112447, ISSN 0378-7788, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112447. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778822006181),
    • Deliverable, Report: Integrated Energy Design for Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods (syn.ikia),
    • Deliverable, Report: DEMONSTRATION CASE OF SUSTAINABLE PLUS ENERGY NEIGHBOURHOODS IN MARINE CLIMATE (syn.ikia),
    • https://www.synikia.eu/no/bibliotek/
      A1P011: Geographic coordinates
      X Coordinate (longitude):26.72273725.51759508409350714.09296-8.3735575.61912.1610.9861733544329923.1651
      Y Coordinate (latitude):58.38071364.9928809817313250.1371541.13580451.660641.3959.2242971664204650.6937
      A1P012: Country
      A1P012: CountryEstoniaFinlandCzech RepublicPortugalNetherlandsSpainNorwayFrance
      A1P013: City
      A1P013: CityTartuOuluKladnoMaiaUdenBarcelonaFredrikstadRoubaix
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).DfbDfcCfbCsbCfbCsaCfbCfb
      A1P015: District boundary
      A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicVirtualGeographicGeographicGeographicOther
      OtherRegional (close to virtual)V1* (ca 8 buildings)PEB
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:PrivateMixedMixedPublicPrivatePrivatePrivatePrivate
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerSingle OwnerSingle OwnerSingle Owner
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED18682211621
      A1P019: Conditioned space
      A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]352171970023602154235501442
      A1P020: Total ground area
      A1P020: Total ground area [m²]7931446000038602500
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area00001001
      A1P022: Financial schemes
      A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesyesyesnoyesnoyesyes
      A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]650000078044400
      A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonoyesnonononono
      A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Othernononoyesnononono
      A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingyesnoyesnonononono
      A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]4000000
      A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnonoyesnononono
      A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]8000000
      A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnononoyesnononoyes
      A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingnoyesyesnonononoyes
      A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernononononononono
      A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUnoyesyesyesnoyesnoyes
      A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]503903
      A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonoyesnonononono
      A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnononononononono
      A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernononononononono
      A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022: OtherRetrofitted through various subsidies
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      • Positive externalities
      • Positive externalities,
      • Boosting local and sustainable production
      • Job creation,
      • Positive externalities
      • Positive externalities,
      • Boosting local and sustainable production
      • Positive externalities
      A1P023: OtherDeveloping and demonstrating new solutions
      A1P024: More comments:
      A1P024: More comments:The project is a follow-up from the “Social Beautiful” concept which was developed in collaboration between Labyrint (Support in sheltered housing), Area (housing company), the municipality of Uden, and Hendriks Coppelmans (developer). The concept aims to provide an answer to changes in various policy areas and the changing demands of society. The Social Beautiful concept consists of the following elements: 1. Living, working, and community services are brought together in one location. A multifunctional residential and service centre is being realized at the location. 2. Housing is shaped by the realization of financially accessible homes suitable for the target group. The housing design is tailored to the target group. it may also include sheltered / protected living. 3. Work takes place at the location or from the same location. The work has a social function within the neighbourhood. Wage-related work must contribute to providing structure in the daily activities of the residents. 4. Neighbourhood management is organized from the location in the surrounding neighbourhood. A service package is provided from the residential and service centre that contributes to the ability of neighbourhood residents to live independently for longer, to strengthen the social network, and to improve the quality of life and safety in the neighbourhood. 5. The houses are suitable for use at all times for regular rental. Communal facilities must be realized within the contours of a regular apartment. The objective is to offer a suitable living and working situation to a group of vulnerable citizens. In this way they become a fully-fledged part of society. They not only make use of the facilities themselves, but also give substance to the level of facilities in the municipality. Due to the integrated approach, they experience a greater sense of well-being and security.The total development consists of more than 1500 dwellings, a kindergarten, a school, and commercial buildings. Two of the residential blocks are included as demonstration projects in syn.ikia. The two blocks have 20 dwellings in each and are 6 stories high.The building comprises 32 homes. The refurbishment complies with EnergieSprong specifications. This implies a performance of E=0 over 25 years.
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]25578044403.6
      Contact person for general enquiries
      A1P026: NameJaanus TammSamuli RinneDavid ŠkorňaAdelina RodriguesTonje Healey TrulsrudJaume SalomTonje Healey TrulsrudJulien Holgard
      A1P027: OrganizationTartu City GovernmentCity of OuluMěsto KladnoMaia Municipality (CM Maia) – Energy and Mobility divisionNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)IRECNorwegian University of Science and technology (NTNU)Vilogia
      A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityResearch Center / UniversityResearch Center / UniversityOther
      A1P028: OtherSocial Housing Company
      A1P029: EmailJaanus.tamm@tartu.eesamuli.rinne@ouka.fidavid.skorna@mestokladno.czdscm.adelina@cm-maia.pttonje.h.trulsrud@ntnu.nojsalom@irec.cattonje.h.trulsrud@ntnu.nojulien.holgard@vilogia.fr
      Contact person for other special topics
      A1P030: NameKaspar AlevSamuli RinneMichal KuzmičCarolina Gonçalves (AdEPorto)Joan Estrada AliberasJulien Holgard
      A1P031: EmailKaspar.alev@tartu.eesamuli.rinne@ouka.fimichal.kuzmic@cvut.czcarolinagoncalves@adeporto.euj_estrada@gencat.catjulien.holgard@vilogia.fr
      Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
      A2P001: Fields of application
      A2P001: Fields of application
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Digital technologies,
      • Indoor air quality
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies,
      • Water use,
      • Indoor air quality
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies,
      • Indoor air quality
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • Waste management,
      • Indoor air quality,
      • Construction materials
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Digital technologies,
      • Indoor air quality
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy production,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Indoor air quality,
      • Construction materials
      A2P001: Other
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings retrofitting - combined public and private financing - low temperature central heating - LED lighting Energy production: - installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Digital technologies: - smart-meters smart home system. Smart city information platform E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; - e-bike/bikesharing services implementation. Urban comfort and air quality - Control units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) - Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan - SECAP)Different kinds of waste heat streams are utilized by heat pumps. These are district heating return water (actually this is an indirect way to cool down the flue gas in the scrubber), ventilation exhaust air and sewage water. As a normal case, in ventilation also air-to-air heat exchanges are used. PV power is harvested also, in vertical and more horizontal panels. Buildings are well insulated to decrease the needed amount of heating energy in the first place.Trnsys, PV modelling tools, CADEnergy production: - installation of photovoltaic systems for renewable on-site energy production; - installation of a BIPV demonstrator for the City Hall building. Energy flexibility: - implementation of an energy community through an active citizens involvement process. Digital technologies: - smart-meters installation in some dwellings in order to monitor consumption and suggest more sustainable energy behaviours. [PCP] Through https://balcaodigital.e-redes.pt/consumptions/history “Espaço Municipal” (https://www.espacomunicipal.pt/pt/) might access history of consumption up to midnight of the previous day. E-mobility: - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban comfort and air quality: - Monitoring units for air pollutants concentration (PM2.5, PM10, NO2) [PCP] Currently we are monitoring CO, O3, NO2, SO2, noise, PM2.5 and PM10 at a point 267 m east from the four buildings southeast of Sobreiro area:Energy efficiency: Energy efficient envelope, with good insulation, triple glazing windows and airtight envelope. (EPC = 0) Energy Flexibility: MCP controls for the heat pump in the apartments. Energy production: PV panels on the roof, Ground source heat pumps Waste management: construction waste was kept to a minimum and sorted and collected separately as much as possible. Indoor air quality: Exhaust ventilation and opening of windows Construction materials: low carbon emission building materials- Integrated energy design process of both active and passive elements - Multicriteria analysis of energy system, environmental variables, indoor comfort and economic parameters - Energy modelling - Predictive control to optimize performance within the neighbourhoodEnergy efficiency: energy-efficient buildings that comply with the Norwegian Passive House standard. Energy Flexibility: sharing of PV energy between the dwellings Energy production: BIPV on the roof and facades, and a ground source heat pump for thermal energy. E-mobility: EV charging Urban comfort: a large green park in the neighbourhood with a small lake and recreational areas Digital technologies: Smart Home Systems for lighting, heating and ventilation Indoor air quality: balanced ventilation
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoNoNoYesYesNo
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceYesNoYesYesNoNoNoYes
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoNoNoNoNoNo
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationNot included. However, there is a charging place for a shared EV in one building.Not yet included.not included
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]9.12.11.40.1480.16
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.20.30.1090.053
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P011: PVyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyes
      A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.11.10.0580.050.18
      A2P011: Windnononononononono
      A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Hydronononononononono
      A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Biomass_elnononononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnononononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: PVT_elnononononononono
      A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Othernononononoyesnono
      A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P012: Geothermalnonononoyesnonono
      A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnonoyesnononono
      A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.5
      A2P012: Biomass_heatnononononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Waste heat+HPnoyesyesnonononono
      A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]2.21.7
      A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: PVT_thnononononononono
      A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnononononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Othernononononononono
      A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesHeat is produced from DH return, refrigeration and exhaust air. The mentioned 2200 MWh/a includes HP el. consumption (about 1/6 of that)Waste heat from cooling the ice rink.*Annual energy use below is presentedin primary energy consumption-Rooftop PV 39.1 kWp -4 pipe air-to-water heat pump to cover heating and cooling
      A2P014: Annual energy use
      A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]2.32.10.1940.0330.084
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]0.03680.0300.11
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0000
      A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P017: Gasnononononononono
      A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Coalnononononononono
      A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Oilnononononononono
      A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P017: Othernononononononono
      A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P018: PVnoyesnononononono
      A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Windnoyesnononononono
      A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Hydronoyesnononononono
      A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_elnoyesnononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnoyesnononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: PVT_elnononononononono
      A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Othernononononononono
      A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P019: Geothermalnononononononono
      A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Solar Thermalnononononononono
      A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_heatnoyesnononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.7
      A2P019: Waste heat+HPnononononononono
      A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnononononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: PVT_thnononononononono
      A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnononononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Othernononononononono
      A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary03.2857142857143000000
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]9800-104-0.00043-6.035
      A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
      A2P022: Safety & SecurityPersonal SafetyPersonal Safety
      A2P022: HealthEncouraging a healthy lifestyleHealthy communityCarbon Dioxide (CO2) levels, Predicted Mean Vote,Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied, Temperature, Relative Humidity, Illuminance, Daylight factor, Sound pressure levelsHealthy community + Indoor Evironmental Quality (indoor air quality, thermal comfort, lighting and visual comfort)
      A2P022: Education
      A2P022: MobilityModal Split, Fuel mix in mobility, Energy use for transportation, Access to public transport, Public infrastructure promoting low-carbon mobility, Number of public EV charging stations, Energy delivered for EV chargingSustainable mobilitySustainable mobility
      A2P022: EnergyFinal energy consumption, Primary energy consumption, Energy imported to PED, Energy exported from PED, RES production, PED energy balance, Energy savings in the PED, GHG emissions, Reduction of emissions, Final energy consumption per capita, Primary energy consumption per capita, Primary energy sources (shares), Buildings connected to DH-network or renewable energy grid, GHG emissions per capita, System flexibility for energy players, RES storage usage, Peak load reductionEnergy demand (heating and hot water), Energy demand (cooling), Cooling demand, Distributin losses, PV production, RES production, OER, Primafry Non-renewable energy balance, AMR, HMR, CO2 balanceNOn-renewable primary energy balance, renewable energy ratio, grid purchase factor, load cover factor/self-generation, supply cover factor/self-consumption, net energy/net power, peak delivered/peak expoted, total greenhouse gas emissionNon-renewable primary energy balance, Renewable energy ratio, Grid Purchase factor, Load cover factor/Self-generation, Supply cover factor/Self-consumption, Net energy/Net power, Peak delivered/exported power, Connection capacity credit, Total greenhouse gas emissionsEnergy and environmental performance (non-renewable primary energy balance, renewable energy ratio, grid purchase factor, load cover factor/self-generation, supply cover factor/ self-consumption, net energy/net power. peak delivered(peak exported power, connection capacity credit, total greenhouse gas emissions
      A2P022: Water
      A2P022: Economic developmentTotal investments, Payback time, Economic value of savingsInvestment cost, Caputal cost, Operation cost, payback period, NPV, cummulated cash flow, savings, Life cycle, ROI, SROIcapital costs, operational cots, overall economic performance (5 KPIs): Investment costs, Share of investments covered by grants, Maintenance-related costs, Requirement-related costs, Operation-related costs, Other costs, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Economic Value Added, Payback Period, nZEB Cost ComparisonEconomic Performance: capital costs, operational costs, overall performance
      A2P022: Housing and CommunityDevelopment of housing prices, Housing cost overburden rate, Citizen engagement/empowerment to climate conscious actions, Inhabitants in dense areas, Energy povertydemographic composition, diverse community, social cohesion: Access to services, Affordability of energy, Affordability of housing, Democratic legitimacy, Living conditions, Social cohesion, Personal safety, Energy consciousnessdemopraphic composiiton, diverse community, social cohesion access to amenities, access to services, afordability of energy, affordability of shousing, living conditions, universal design, energy consciousness
      A2P022: WasteRecycling rate
      A2P022: OtherSmart Cities strategies, Quality of open dataSmartness and flecibility, Indoor Environmental Quality, Social performance - Equity (affordable housing, access to servicees and amenitioes, afforability of energy, living conditions, sustinable mobility, universal design)Smartness and Flexibility
      A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
      A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyes
      A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsnononoyesnononono
      A2P023: Wind Turbinesnononononononono
      A2P023: Geothermal energy systemnonononoyesnoyesno
      A2P023: Waste heat recoverynoyesyesnonononono
      A2P023: Waste to energynononononononono
      A2P023: Polygenerationnononononononono
      A2P023: Co-generationnoyesnononononono
      A2P023: Heat Pumpnoyesyesyesyesyesyesno
      A2P023: Hydrogennononononononono
      A2P023: Hydropower plantnononononononono
      A2P023: Biomassyesyesnononononono
      A2P023: Biogasyesnonononononono
      A2P023: Other
      A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
      A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesyesyesyesnonoyesno
      A2P024: Energy management systemyesyesyesyesyesyesyesno
      A2P024: Demand-side managementnonoyesnoyesyesyesno
      A2P024: Smart electricity gridnononononononono
      A2P024: Thermal Storagenoyesnononononono
      A2P024: Electric Storagenononoyesnononono
      A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesyesyesnonononono
      A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsnonoyesyesyesnoyesyes
      A2P024: P2P – buildingsnononononononono
      A2P024: Other
      A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
      A2P025: Deep Retrofittingyesyesyesyesnononoyes
      A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsnononononononono
      A2P025: High-performance new buildingsnoyesnonoyesyesyesno
      A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnonoyesnononono
      A2P025: Urban data platformsyesyesyesnonononono
      A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensyesnonononononono
      A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesyesyesyesyesyesno
      A2P025: Smart irrigationnononononononono
      A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnononoyesnononono
      A2P025: Smart surveillanceyesnonononononono
      A2P025: Other
      A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
      A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)yesyesnoyesnononono
      A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)yesyesnononononono
      A2P026: e-Mobilityyesyesnoyesnononono
      A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnoyesnononononono
      A2P026: Car-free areanononononononono
      A2P026: Other
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesYesYesYesYesYesNo
      A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesThe obligatory buildijng energy classificationNational standards apply.The Municipal Buildings have an energy certificate, according to the Portuguese legislation.EPC = 0, energy neutral buildingEnergy Performance CertificateNS3700 Norwegian Passive House
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNoNoNoNo
      A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.)
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • Urban Renewal Strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • New development strategies,
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Urban Renewal Strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyCarbon neutrality by 2035Carbon neutrality 2050
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      • Biogas,
      • Hydrogen
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
      • Other
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
      A3P003: OtherAt a national level there are some studies regarding the decarbonization of the gas grid, but no concrete strategies so far.
      A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
      A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesDeveloping and demonstrating solutions for carbon neutrality
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviourE. g. visualizing energy and water consumption
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      • Innovative business models,
      • PPP models,
      • Life Cycle Cost,
      • Existing incentives
      • Open data business models,
      • Innovative business models,
      • PPP models,
      • Life Cycle Cost,
      • Circular economy models
      • Innovative business models,
      • PPP models,
      • Existing incentives
      • Innovative business models,
      • PPP models,
      • Existing incentives
      A3P006: Other
      A3P007: Social models
      A3P007: Social models
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Citizen Social Research,
      • Policy Forums,
      • Social incentives,
      • Quality of Life,
      • Prevention of energy poverty,
      • Digital Inclusion,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Citizen Social Research,
      • Policy Forums,
      • Quality of Life,
      • Strategies towards social mix,
      • Affordability,
      • Prevention of energy poverty,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Affordability
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Prevention of energy poverty,
      • Digital Inclusion,
      • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Social incentives,
      • Quality of Life
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      A3P007: Other
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • District Energy plans,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates
      • City Vision 2050,
      • SECAP Updates,
      • Building / district Certification
      A3P008: Other
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      • Net zero carbon footprint,
      • Carbon-free,
      • Pollutants Reduction,
      • Greening strategies,
      • Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS),
      • Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
      • Energy Neutral,
      • Net zero carbon footprint
      • Net zero carbon footprint
      • Energy Neutral,
      • Net zero carbon footprint,
      • Pollutants Reduction
      • Energy Neutral
      A3P009: Other
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionThe original idea is that the area produces at least as much it consumes.Onsite Energy Ratio > 1The demonstration projects is a new residential development, which consists of an apartment complex which includes 39 apartments spread over 3 floors. It is a sustainble plus energy neighbouhood, and has reached a plus energy balance on its first year in operation. It has MPC controls on the individual heat pumps to improve the energy flexibility of the apartments. It includes the "social beatiful" concepts with a strong emphasis on the social sustainability of the project.The case study follows the concept of syn.ikia with sustainable plus energy neighbourhoods (SPEN) and aims to reach a plus energy balance based on EPB uses on an annual basis.Refurbishment of social housing. The refurbishment complies with EnergieSprong specifications. This implies a performance of E=0 over 25 years.
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentDeveloping systems towards carbon neutrality. Also urban renewal.Strategic, economicThe need for social housing and the ambition to create a great living environment with a high-performance apartment complex, supplied with renewable energy. It results in lower energy bills for the tenants and high-quality homes.The developers call their concept for Future Living, where the neighbourhood consist of highly energy-efficient buildings, is supplied with renewable energy onsite and includes green areas for well-being.Refurbishment of social housing
      B1P003: Environment of the case study area
      B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaSuburban areaUrban areaSuburban areaUrban areaSuburban areaSuburban area
      B1P004: Type of district
      B2P004: Type of district
      • Renovation
      • New construction,
      • Renovation
      • New construction,
      • Renovation
      • New construction
      • New construction
      • New construction
      • Renovation
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      • Retrofitting Area
      • New Development,
      • Retrofitting Area
      • New Development,
      • Retrofitting Area
      • New Development
      • New Development
      • New Development
      • Retrofitting Area
      B1P006: Year of construction
      B1P006: Year of construction1958
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential45003500
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential3500
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P011: Population density before intervention
      B1P011: Population density before intervention00000000
      B1P012: Population density after intervention
      B1P012: Population density after intervention00.058333333333333000000
      B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
      B1P013: Residentialyesyesyesnonoyesnoyes
      B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Officenonoyesnonononono
      B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Industry and Utilitynonononononoyesno
      B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]whole site was used for idustry and excavation
      B1P013: Commercialyesyesnononononono
      B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Institutionalnononononononono
      B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Natural areasyesyesnononononono
      B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Recreationalyesyesyesnonononono
      B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Dismissed areasnononononononono
      B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Othernononononononono
      B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
      B1P014: Residentialyesyesyesnoyesyesyesyes
      B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]2394
      B1P014: Officenonoyesnonononono
      B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Industry and Utilitynononononononono
      B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Commercialyesyesnononononono
      B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Institutionalnononononononono
      B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Natural areasyesyesnononononono
      B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Recreationalyesyesyesnonononono
      B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Dismissed areasnononononononono
      B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Othernononononononono
      B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
      B2P002: Installation life time
      B2P002: Installation life timePermanent installation
      B2P003: Scale of action
      B2P003: ScaleDistrictVirtual
      B2P004: Operator of the installation
      B2P004: Operator of the installationCM Maia, IPMAIA, NEW, AdEP.
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
      B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
      B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNo
      B2P006: Other
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      • Strategic
      • Strategic
      B2P007: Other
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityMunicipality
      B2P008: Other
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      • Academia,
      • Private,
      • Industrial,
      • Citizens, public, NGO
      • Academia,
      • Private,
      • Industrial,
      • Citizens, public, NGO,
      • Other
      B2P009: OtherEnergy Agency
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      • Buildings,
      • Prosumers,
      • Renewable generation,
      • Energy networks,
      • Lighting,
      • E-mobility,
      • Green areas,
      • User interaction/participation,
      • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
      • Buildings,
      • Demand-side management,
      • Prosumers,
      • Renewable generation,
      • Energy storage,
      • Efficiency measures,
      • Lighting,
      • E-mobility,
      • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
      • Ambient measures,
      • Social interactions
      B2P011: Other
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
      • Pivoting and risk-mitigating measures
      • Monitoring and evaluation infrastructure,
      • Tools, spaces, events for testing and validation
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external peopleDepends on the building: _Tecmaia is open to the public but the buildings are for the exclusive use of companies allocated at the industrial site; _The municipal buildings have public access; _The residential buildings have an exclusive use for the residents.
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      • Available data,
      • Life Cycle Analysis
      • Execution plan,
      • Available data,
      • Type of measured data
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      • Energy,
      • Sustainability,
      • Social,
      • Economical / Financial
      • Energy,
      • Environmental,
      • Social,
      • Economical / Financial
      B2P016: Execution of operations
      B2P016: Execution of operationsCurrent PED status (WP5 SPARCS): Conceptualization and methodology definition of the (virtual) PED for Maia Municipality with real monitoring and assessment in order to replicate and scale up to a city-level PED. The financial investments were already targeted.
      B2P017: Capacities
      B2P017: Capacities_Energy production and storage, _Monitoring; _Digitization.
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholdersThe relationship with stakeholders (municipal companies, industry, citizens, etc) has been fundamental for the definition of the PED. In this sense, some sessions were organized to gather different points of view in order to trace the best path for the PED. Also, the participation of Maia Municipality in EU projects, as EHHUR and OMEGA-X, makes possible the share of knowledge between different partners.
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P019: Available tools
      • Social models
      • Energy modelling,
      • Social models,
      • Business and financial models,
      • Fundraising and accessing resources,
      • Matching actors
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P020: External accessibility
      B2P020: External accessibility
      C1P001: Unlocking Factors
      C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)Collaboration with the local partners
      C1P002: Driving Factors
      C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)
      C1P003: Administrative barriers
      C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)Fragmented financial support; lack of experimental budget for complex projects, etc.Delay in the Environmental Dialogue processing in the municipality
      C1P004: Policy barriers
      C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)Different priorities; overall problematic system od decentralization powers; non-fuctioning model of local development funding, etc.
      C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
      C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Non-effective regulations4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
      C1P006: Environmental barriers
      C1P006: Environmental barriers
      C1P007: Technical barriers
      C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Deficient planning1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)Inadequate regulation towards energy transition
      C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
      C1P008: Inertia4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Rebound effect3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
      C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
      C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
      C1P010: Financial barriers
      C1P010: Hidden costs5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Economic crisis3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Risk and uncertainty4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
      C1P011: Market barriers
      C1P011: Split incentives4 - Important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy price distortion3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
      C1P012: Stakeholders involved
      C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Research & Innovation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Financial/Funding
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
      • Planning/leading,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Business process management
      • Planning/leading
      • Planning/leading,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Urban Services providers
      • Construction/implementation
      • Planning/leading
      • Design/demand aggregation
      C1P012: Real Estate developers
      • None
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Design/Construction companies
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Other
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Other (if any)
      Summary

      Authors (framework concept)

      Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

      Contributors (to the content)

      Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

      Implemented by

      Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
      Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)