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NameProjectTypeCompare
Örebro-Vivalla JUST PEPP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Tiurberget, Kongsvinger JUST PEPP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Texel JUST PEPP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hällefors, Sweden JUST PEPP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cerdanyola del Valles, School of Engineering, Campus Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona OPEN4CEC PED Lab Compare
Bucharest, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE) PED Lab OPEN4CEC PED Lab Compare
Pamplona OPEN4CEC PED Lab Compare
Trondheim, Svartlamon OPEN4CEC PED Lab Uncompare
Savona, The University of Genova, Savona Campus OPEN4CEC PED Lab Compare
Torres Vedras, Encosta de São Vicente COPPER PED Lab Compare
Malmö, Stadium area (Stadionområdet) PED StepWise PED Case Study Compare
Utrecht, Utrecht Science Park PED StepWise PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vienna, Kriegerheimstätten PED StepWise PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vienna, 16. District, Leben am Wilhelminenberg HeatCOOP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vienna, Laxenburgerstraße AH HeatCOOP PED Lab Compare
Tartu, Annelinn V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, Kanaleneiland V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Aradas district V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lecce, SmartEnCity SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Firenze, Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Uncompare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Uncompare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study
TitleKifissia, Energy community
Trondheim, Svartlamon
«×»
Umeå, Ålidhem district
«×»
Graz, Reininghausgründe
«×»
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center
«×»
City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block
«×»
Lecce, SmartEnCity
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabKifissia, Energy communityTrondheim, SvartlamonUmeå, Ålidhem districtGraz, ReininghausgründeEspoo, Leppävaara district, Sello centerCity of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva blockLecce, SmartEnCity
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynonoyesyesyesyesno
PED relevant case studyyesnononononoyes
PED Lab.noyesnonononono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralitynoyesyesyesyesnoyes
Annual energy surplusnonononononono
Energy communityyesyesnonononono
Circularitynonononononono
Air quality and urban comfortyesnononononono
Electrificationyesnononononono
Net-zero energy costnonononononono
Net-zero emissionnonononononono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonononononono
Maximise self-sufficiencynonononoyesyesno
Othernonononononoyes
Other (A1P004)Carbon-free
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabPlanning PhasePlanning PhasePlanning PhaseImplementation PhaseImplementation PhaseIn operationImplementation Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date11/2410/22201909/1906/1801/16
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date03/2609/25202510/2203/22
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • General statistical datasets
  • General statistical datasets
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
      • Umeå Energi
      • E. Rainer, H. Schnitzer, T. Mach, T. Wieland, M. Reiter, L. Fickert, E. Schmautzer, A. Passer, H. Oblak, H. Kreiner, R. Lazar, M. Duschek, et al. (2015): Rahmenplan Energy City Graz-Reininghaus – Subprojekt 2 des Leitprojektes „ECR Energy City Graz – Reininghaus Online: Rahmenplan Energy City Graz-Reininghaus - Haus der Zukunft (nachhaltigwirtschaften.at),
      • H.Schnitzer et al. (2016): Arbeiten und Wohnen in der Smart City Reininghaus, Online: Arbeiten und Wohnen in Graz Reininghaus - Smartcities
      • M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf,
      • Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf
      • M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf,
      • Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf,
      • www.lippulaiva.fi
      A1P011: Geographic coordinates
      X Coordinate (longitude):23.81458810.4220.263015.40744024.810124.654318.174463
      Y Coordinate (latitude):38.07734963.436363.825847.060760.217960.149140.350972
      A1P012: Country
      A1P012: CountryGreeceNorwaySwedenAustriaFinlandFinlandItaly
      A1P013: City
      A1P013: CityMunicipality of KifissiaTrondheimUmeåGrazEspooEspooLecce
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
      A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CsaCfbDfbDfbDfbDfbCsa
      A1P015: District boundary
      A1P015: District boundaryVirtualVirtualGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic
      OtherThe energy will be produced by a PV plant installed on the terrace of a municipal building. Members of the energy community (that is under formation) will benefit from the energy produced via virtual net metering. PV instalment and the buildings (owned by the members of the community) will be within the boundaries of the Municipality but not necessary in the same area/district/neighbourhood
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
      A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:PrivatePublicMixedPrivateMixed
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
      A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple Owners
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
      A1P018: Number of buildings in PED10059
      A1P019: Conditioned space
      A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]42000267956112000
      A1P020: Total ground area
      A1P020: Total ground area [m²]320052000100000053000165000
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
      A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0010510
      A1P022: Financial schemes
      A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estatenononoyesnoyesno
      A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
      A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Othernonononononono
      A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonononononoyes
      A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingnoyesnoyesnonono
      A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononono
      A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingnononoyesnonono
      A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernonononononono
      A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUnonononoyesyesno
      A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]629000308875
      A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononononono
      A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
      A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernonononononoyes
      A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
      A1P022: Other
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      A1P023: Economic Targets
      • Job creation,
      • Boosting local businesses,
      • Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
      • Job creation,
      • Positive externalities,
      • Boosting local businesses
      • Job creation,
      • Positive externalities,
      • Boosting local businesses
      A1P023: Other
      A1P024: More comments:
      A1P024: More comments:The “Reininghausgründe” are a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. In the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. It will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well. Some key-energy aspects: • characteristic 1: For the heat supply in the innovative Reininghaus energy model, low-temperature waste heat from a nearby steel plant is harnessed through the use of heat pumps. • characteristic 2: The district heating system operates at low temperatures. • characteristic 3: Generated heat that is not used immediately is stored in the power tower and supplied on demand. Other important aspects of the project are the following: • characteristic 1: Most houses are low-energy houses, some of the certified with the “Klima Aktiv” label • characteristic 2: There are extremely few parking possibilities for residents and visitors; this will foster the use of public transport and bikes • characteristic 3: All the necessary infrastructure for the “daily need” can be reached within walking distance The area of the project is going to be very “green” when finished. Featuring a big district parc, lots of other green spaces are in planning.The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
      A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]0.02
      Contact person for general enquiries
      A1P026: NameArtemis Giavasoglou, Kleopatra KalampokaTatiana González Grandón; Raymundo E. Torres-OlguinGireesh NairKatharina SchwarzJaano JuhmenElina EkelundChristoph Gollner
      A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of Kifissia – SPARCS local teamNTNUUmea MunicipalityStadtLABOR, Innovationen für urbane Lebensqualität GmbHSIEMENS - Data Center ForumCitycon OyjFFG
      A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityMunicipality / Public BodiesSME / IndustrySME / IndustrySME / IndustryOther
      A1P028: Other
      A1P029: Emailgiavasoglou@kifissia.grtatiana.c.g.grandon@ntnu.nogireesh.nair@umu.sekatharina.schwarz@stadtlaborgraz.atJaano.juhmen@siemens.comElina.ekelund@citycon.comchristoph.gollner@ffg.at
      Contact person for other special topics
      A1P030: NameStavros Zapantis - vice mayorRaymundo E. Torres-OlguinHans SchnitzerElina Ekelund
      A1P031: Emailstavros.zapantis@gmail.comraymundo.torres-olguin@sintef.nohans.schnitzer@stadtlaborgraz.atElina.ekelund@citycon.com
      Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYes
      A2P001: Fields of application
      A2P001: Fields of application
      • Energy production
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
      • Water use,
      • Indoor air quality,
      • Other
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy flexibility,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies
      • Energy efficiency,
      • Energy production,
      • E-mobility,
      • Digital technologies
      A2P001: OtherUrban Management; Air Quality
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
      A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsSimulation tools: City Energy Analyst and PolysunEnergy efficiency: o Several activities: Workshops, Webinars to deepen the knowledge and raise awareness renewable energies o for example rooftop Photovoltaics green & blue infrastructures o Parks, Rooftop Gardens, Quarter Parks, Water elements included in the parks rooftop farming o To produce vegetables in the quarter stormwater management mobility o less parking and less cars in the district. Solutions for boosting public transport with sponsored public transport tickets; building of better bike and pedestrian infrastructure social aspects o district management was established in the district local supply of goods of daily need o Schools within 15 minutes walking distance Supermarkets and other shops within the districtEnergy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider Electric
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000
      A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoYes
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceYesYesYes
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
      A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesNo
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
      A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation- Number of cars per household - Fraction of electric cars - Number of public transport tickets (week/ annual tickets)Mobility is not included in the energy model.
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
      A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]145.5
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
      A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]9005.8
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
      A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
      A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]9
      A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P011: PVyesnoyesyesnoyesno
      A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.2490.54
      A2P011: Windnonononononono
      A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Hydrononononononono
      A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
      A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: PVT_elnonononononono
      A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P011: Othernonononononono
      A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P012: Geothermalnononoyesnoyesno
      A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]5
      A2P012: Solar Thermalnononoyesnonono
      A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_heatnonononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Waste heat+HPnononoyesnonono
      A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: PVT_thnonononononono
      A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
      A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P012: Othernonononononono
      A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
      A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGroundwater (used for heat pumps)
      A2P014: Annual energy use
      A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]6.111.3
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered
      A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]5.76
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
      A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
      A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
      A2P017: Gasnonononononono
      A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
      A2P017: Coalnonononononono
      A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
      A2P017: Oilnonononononono
      A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
      A2P017: Othernonononononono
      A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P018: PVnononoyesnonono
      A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Windnononoyesnonono
      A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Hydronononoyesnonono
      A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
      A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
      A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
      A2P018: Othernononononoyesno
      A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]5.26
      A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
      A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
      A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Solar Thermalnononoyesnonono
      A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_heatnonoyesyesnonono
      A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonoyesyesnonono
      A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
      A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
      A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P019: Othernonononononono
      A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
      A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary000001.05323193916350
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
      A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]0.0360
      A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
      A2P022: Safety & Security
      A2P022: Health
      A2P022: Education
      A2P022: Mobilityx
      A2P022: EnergyYesEnergyxOn-site energy ratio
      A2P022: Waterx
      A2P022: Economic developmentx
      A2P022: Housing and Communityx
      A2P022: Waste
      A2P022: Other
      A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
      A2P023: Photovoltaicsnoyesyesyesnoyesyes
      A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsnonononononoyes
      A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononononono
      A2P023: Geothermal energy systemnononononoyesno
      A2P023: Waste heat recoverynononoyesnoyesno
      A2P023: Waste to energynonononononono
      A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
      A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
      A2P023: Heat Pumpnononoyesnonono
      A2P023: Hydrogennonononononono
      A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononononono
      A2P023: Biomassnonononononono
      A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
      A2P023: OtherBatteries
      A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
      A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)noyesyesyesnoyesyes
      A2P024: Energy management systemnoyesnononoyesno
      A2P024: Demand-side managementnonoyesnononono
      A2P024: Smart electricity gridnononononoyesno
      A2P024: Thermal Storagenononoyesnoyesno
      A2P024: Electric Storagenononononoyesno
      A2P024: District Heating and Coolingnononoyesnonoyes
      A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsnonononononono
      A2P024: P2P – buildingsnoyesnonononono
      A2P024: OtherDistrict Heating
      A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
      A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnonoyesnononoyes
      A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsnonononononono
      A2P025: High-performance new buildingsnononoyesnoyesno
      A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)noyesnoyesnoyesno
      A2P025: Urban data platformsnoyesnonononono
      A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnononoyesnonono
      A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)nononononoyesno
      A2P025: Smart irrigationnononoyesnonono
      A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononono
      A2P025: Smart surveillancenonononononono
      A2P025: Other
      A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
      A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nononoyesnonono
      A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nononoyesnoyesno
      A2P026: e-Mobilitynononoyesnoyesyes
      A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnononoyesnonono
      A2P026: Car-free areanononoyesnonono
      A2P026: OtherLocal transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
      A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes- Multimodal mobility nodes - Support of public transport tickets - Mobility consulting - District management
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
      A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesYes
      A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance Certificate - in Greece it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwellingEnergieausweis mandatory if buildings/ flats/ apartments are soldEnergy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version)
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
      A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesYesYes
      A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesKlimaaktiv standard  Voluntary! Certification can be for buildings and/or quarters. The different quarters are built in different standards. Ranging from bronze/silver/goldLEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD)
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Smart cities strategies,
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
      • New development strategies,
      • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
      • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
      • Smart cities strategies
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
      A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyCity level targets Klimaschutzplan Graz - 2022 | Targets: - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Social justice and high quality of life - High innovation levels Mobilitätsplan Graz 2040 – under development | Targets: - Modal Split 80:20 until 2040 80% Public transport, bike, walking | 20% cars Kommunales Energiekonzept (2017) | Targets: - Increase of district heating Energiemasterplan Graz (2018) | Targets: - Energy efficiency of urban dwellings and infrastructures - District heating and solar energy - Energy efficiency of private dwellings - Climate conscious mobility National level targets Klimaschutzplan Österreich -draft, expected by 2024 | Targets: - Decarbonisation (reduction of GHG, renewable energies, - Climate neutrality until 2040 - Energy efficiency - Security of energy supplyRelevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels.
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
      • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
      • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
      • Biogas
      A3P003: OtherNA
      A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
      A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesReininghaus needs green spaces and places Sector coupling of water, waste water, electricity ICT and demand side management Mobility - Reininghaus needs better infrastructure for bikes and pedestrians - Public transportation should be more affordable and Sharing should be implemented in the district Infrastructure should cover daily needs within walking distance Infrastructure for local jobs and shared offices- Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district.
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
      A3P005: Sustainable behaviour- citizen participation and promotion of functioning neighbourhoods (e.g., through city district management) As of today, solutions for the energy transition in the residential sector have focused on the construction of energy-efficient buildings and on the energy-efficient refurbishment of existing buildings. Measures to influence user behaviour and to directly address residents and neighbourhoods as actors of the energy transition play a minor role and are also not formalized. At the same time, moving into a new apartment offers a ‘window of opportunity’ to establish new everyday practices and behaviour. In already inhabited housing developments, well-functioning neighbourhoods or existing, ‘sustainability pioneers’ are key to motivating people to adopt more resource-efficient lifestyles. In order to prepare such agents of change towards more climate protection and sustainability in the context of housing, Austria launched the BAREWO project. The aim is to develop a kit of formats, methods, and interventions for resource-efficient housing. This toolkit will be tested in six testbeds, among which quarter 12 (Q12) of Graz- Reininghaus, as soon as first residents move in (approx. 2024). Austrian TRANS-PED partner StadtLABOR, which is also a partner in the BAREWO project, will support Q12 in this process. In parallel, a monitoring system will be developed to make the (climate) effects of the kit measurable. In addition, a guideline for property managers will be developed, which will serve as an orientation for them on how their residents can be coached in matters of climate protection and sustainability in everyday (residential) life. From the very beginning, (communication) measures are implemented and relevant stakeholders are involved in the project (project advisory board) to ensure the multiplicability, financing and broad application of the toolkit. If successful, the toolkit could also be scaled up to other quarters in Reininghaus.For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners.
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      A3P006: Economic strategies
      • Local trading,
      • Existing incentives
      • PPP models,
      • Local trading
      • Innovative business models
      A3P006: Other
      A3P007: Social models
      A3P007: Social models
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
      • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
      • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
      • Social incentives,
      • Quality of Life,
      • Affordability,
      • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
      • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
      A3P007: Other
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
      • District Energy plans
      • Strategic urban planning,
      • City Vision 2050,
      • Building / district Certification
      • Building / district Certification
      A3P008: Other
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      A3P009: Environmental strategies
      • Low Emission Zone
      • Carbon-free
      • Pollutants Reduction,
      • Greening strategies,
      • Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS),
      • Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
      • Other
      • Carbon-free
      A3P009: OtherCarbon free in terms of energy
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
      A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsMobility contracts: A mobility contract is concluded between the City of Graz and the property developers in the course of development plans and serves to reduce the motor vehicle traffic to be expected as a result of the construction project. Push & pull measures are agreed: With a lower car parking space key, which is significantly lower than today's usual requirements, offers and information for easier use of public transport, walking and cycling, as well as car sharing and e-mobility are simultaneously created by the property developers, leading to a win-win-win situation for all parties involved. Basic principles - Possibility of combining effective "push & pull" measures => control option (e.g. reduction of car parking spaces, but optimisation of accessibility to public transport and walking and cycling networks, public transport tickets, mobility information, ... etc.) - Changing mobility behaviour in favour of sustainable forms of transport from the moment the flat is handed over ("upheaval" in personal mobility behaviour when changing the residential location) - Reduction in construction and maintenance costs (underground car parks, public road infrastructure) - Easier realisation of larger construction projects in the inner city area with lower generation of vehicle demand Städtebauliche Verträge in Graz / Urban development contracts in Graz Qualitative urban (neighbourhood) development with added value for all stakeholders: urban development contracts are modern instruments in the development of cities and neighbourhoods. As one of the pioneers in this field, the City of Graz also increasingly favours this form of quality assurance. Urban development contracts are a contractual form of regulation between the City of Graz and landowners, which enables flexible control of urban (sub)development in the interests of the common interests while at the same time relieving the public authorities. The contracts make property-related stipulations in accordance with urban planning requirements (e.g. urban development concept, development concept, framework plan, zoning plan) and the specialist planning requirements in particular infrastructure, development, design and mobility. This is intended to infrastructure, services of general interest, building land quality and settlement development required for the (parts of the) city.- Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
      B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionReininghaus addresses some relevant key aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition such as: - high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production; - integration of different systems and infrastructures; - inclusion of aspects not only related to energy sector, but also connected with social, economic and environmental sustainability.Lippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production.
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
      B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentThe Reininghausgründe is a new quarter near the centre of the City of Graz. On the area of a former brewery, close to more, still working industries, a new town centre is being established. The quarter will include living areas, workplaces, shops, schools and a park, so that the need for individual mobility is minimized. It is connected to the historical city centre by bike paths, busses and a tram. Car sharing is provided as well.- Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders
      B1P003: Environment of the case study area
      B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaUrban areaUrban area
      B1P004: Type of district
      B2P004: Type of district
      • Renovation
      • New construction
      • New construction
      • Renovation
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      B1P005: Case Study Context
      • Retrofitting Area
      • New Development
      • Re-use / Transformation Area,
      • New Development
      • Retrofitting Area
      B1P006: Year of construction
      B1P006: Year of construction20252022
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
      B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential0
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
      B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential10000
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
      B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential0
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
      B1P011: Population density before intervention
      B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
      B1P012: Population density after intervention
      B1P012: Population density after intervention0000.01000
      B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
      B1P013: Residentialnonoyesnononono
      B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Officenonononononono
      B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Industry and Utilitynononoyesnonono
      B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Commercialnononononoyesno
      B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
      B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Natural areasnononoyesnoyesno
      B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
      B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Dismissed areasnonononononono
      B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P013: Othernonononononono
      B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
      B1P014: Residentialnonoyesyesnoyesno
      B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Officenononoyesnonono
      B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
      B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Commercialnononoyesnoyesno
      B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Institutionalnononoyesnonono
      B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Natural areasnononoyesnonono
      B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Recreationalnononoyesnonono
      B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
      B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B1P014: Othernonononononono
      B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
      B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
      B2P002: Installation life time
      B2P002: Installation life time
      B2P003: Scale of action
      B2P003: Scale
      B2P004: Operator of the installation
      B2P004: Operator of the installation
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
      B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
      B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
      B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?
      B2P006: Other
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
      B2P007: Other
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
      B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
      B2P008: Other
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
      B2P009: Other
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
      B2P011: Other
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
      B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      B2P014: Monitoring measures
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      B2P015: Key Performance indicators
      B2P016: Execution of operations
      B2P016: Execution of operations
      B2P017: Capacities
      B2P017: Capacities
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
      B2P018: Relations with stakeholdersInvolvement of local stakeholders for supporting the private-public partnerships
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P019: Available tools
      B2P020: External accessibility
      B2P020: External accessibility
      C1P001: Unlocking Factors
      C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
      C1P002: Driving Factors
      C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)
      C1P003: Administrative barriers
      C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of public participation3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
      C1P004: Policy barriers
      C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
      C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
      C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Non-effective regulations4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
      C1P006: Environmental barriers
      C1P006: Environmental barriers
      C1P007: Technical barriers
      C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Deficient planning3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Lack of well-defined process4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
      C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
      C1P008: Inertia4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Rebound effect4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
      C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
      C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
      C1P010: Financial barriers
      C1P010: Hidden costs5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Economic crisis3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Risk and uncertainty5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
      C1P011: Market barriers
      C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy price distortion3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
      C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
      C1P012: Stakeholders involved
      C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Research & Innovation
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation
      C1P012: Financial/Funding
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
      • Planning/leading,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Business process management
      • None
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Urban Services providers
      • Planning/leading,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • None
      C1P012: Real Estate developers
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Design/Construction companies
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
      • Design/demand aggregation
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation
      C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      • Planning/leading,
      • Design/demand aggregation,
      • Construction/implementation,
      • Monitoring/operation/management
      C1P012: Other
      • None
      C1P012: Other (if any)
      Summary

      Authors (framework concept)

      Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

      Contributors (to the content)

      Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

      Implemented by

      Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
      Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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      COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

      PED-EU-NET

      The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

      Action Details

      Grant Holder
      Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

      Start of Action: 10 September 2020
      End of Action: 09 September 2024
      CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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