Filters:
NameProjectTypeCompare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Uncompare
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study
TitleKifissia, Energy community
Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark
Groningen, PED North
Espoo, Kera
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio
Vidin, Himik and Bononia
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabKifissia, Energy communityAalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, DenmarkGroningen, PED NorthEspoo, KeraInnsbruck, Campagne-ArealBorlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential PortfolioVidin, Himik and Bononia
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynononoyesnonoyes
PED relevant case studyyesyesnoyesyesyesno
PED Lab.noyesyesnononono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralitynoyesyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusnonoyesnonoyesyes
Energy communityyesnoyesnonoyesno
Circularitynonoyesyesnonono
Air quality and urban comfortyesnononononono
Electrificationyesnonononoyesno
Net-zero energy costnonononononono
Net-zero emissionnonoyesnoyesnono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonononononono
Maximise self-sufficiencynoyesnononoyesno
Othernonononononono
Other (A1P004)
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabPlanning PhasePlanning PhaseImplementation PhasePlanning PhaseCompletedPlanning PhasePlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date11/2212/1801/1504/1612/18
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date11/2512/2312/3504/2212/30
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
    • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
    • Ped noord book
        A1P011: Geographic coordinates
        X Coordinate (longitude):23.81458810.0076.53512124.7537777811.42434673814025615.39449522.8826
        Y Coordinate (latitude):38.07734957.04102853.23484660.2162222247.27147078672910460.48660943.9936
        A1P012: Country
        A1P012: CountryGreeceDenmarkNetherlandsFinlandAustriaSwedenBulgaria
        A1P013: City
        A1P013: CityMunicipality of KifissiaAalborgGroningenEspooInnsbruckBorlängeVidin
        A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
        A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CsaDfbCfaDfbDfbDsbCfa
        A1P015: District boundary
        A1P015: District boundaryVirtualVirtualFunctionalGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic
        OtherThe energy will be produced by a PV plant installed on the terrace of a municipal building. Members of the energy community (that is under formation) will benefit from the energy produced via virtual net metering. PV instalment and the buildings (owned by the members of the community) will be within the boundaries of the Municipality but not necessary in the same area/district/neighbourhood
        A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
        A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:PublicMixedMixedMixedMixedMixed
        A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
        A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple Owners
        A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
        A1P018: Number of buildings in PED741074
        A1P019: Conditioned space
        A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.0122277370098759.53
        A1P020: Total ground area
        A1P020: Total ground area [m²]3130800017.132580000113519945195234.80
        A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
        A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0000201
        A1P022: Financial schemes
        A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estatenonoyesnononono
        A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
        A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Othernonoyesnononono
        A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonononononono
        A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingnonoyesnononoyes
        A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononono
        A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingnonoyesnononono
        A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernonononononono
        A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUnonoyesnononono
        A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnoyesnonoyesnono
        A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
        A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernonononononono
        A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022: OtherMultiple different funding schemes depending on the case.
        A1P023: Economic Targets
        A1P023: Economic Targets
        • Positive externalities,
        • Boosting local businesses,
        • Boosting local and sustainable production
        • Boosting local businesses,
        • Boosting local and sustainable production
        • Job creation,
        • Positive externalities,
        • Boosting local businesses,
        • Boosting local and sustainable production,
        • Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
        • Job creation,
        • Other
        • Positive externalities,
        • Boosting local businesses,
        • Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
        A1P023: OtherCircular economyCreate affordable appartments for the citizens
        A1P024: More comments:
        A1P024: More comments:Owners are two local social housing companies. The complete district will consist 4 building blocks, from which only the first one with 4 building is ready built and occupied. At the end, it would be a district of ca. 1100 flats in 16 buildings with 78000 m2
        A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
        A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
        Contact person for general enquiries
        A1P026: NameArtemis Giavasoglou, Kleopatra KalampokaKristian OlesenJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsJoni MäkinenGeorgios DermentzisJingchun ShenDaniela Kostova
        A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of Kifissia – SPARCS local teamAalborg UniversityMunicipality of GroningenCity of EspooUniversity of InnsbruckHögskolan DalarnaGreen Synergy Cluster
        A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityResearch Center / UniversityOther
        A1P028: OtherCluster
        A1P029: Emailgiavasoglou@kifissia.grKristian@plan.aau.dkJasper.tonen@groningen.nljoni.makinen@espoo.fiGeorgios.Dermentzis@uibk.ac.atjih@du.sedaniela@greensynergycluster.eu
        Contact person for other special topics
        A1P030: NameStavros Zapantis - vice mayorAlex Søgaard MorenoXingxing Zhang
        A1P031: Emailstavros.zapantis@gmail.comasm@aalborg.dkxza@du.se
        Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYes
        A2P001: Fields of application
        A2P001: Fields of application
        • Energy production
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
        • Digital technologies
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility,
        • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
        • Waste management
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility,
        • Digital technologies,
        • Waste management,
        • Construction materials
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy production,
        • Indoor air quality
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility,
        • Construction materials
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy production
        A2P001: Other
        A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
        A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsStakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenariosEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streams- Kera development commitment (https://www.espoo.fi/en/kera-development-commitment). - SPARCS Co-creation model for sustainable and smart urban areas (www.co-creatingsparcs.fi/en). - Kera area carbon neutrality roadmap (https://static.espoo.fi/cdn/ff/MHDdcMNJ9aYn7CjpoD4zNpo5M-M9HIDLXlJdUrUmf-8/1642756766/public/2022-01/Kera%20carbon%20neutrality%20map_EN.pdf)The buildings are designed based on Passive House standards and dynamic building and system simulations are performed to optimise the HVAC systems, that are a ground-water heat pump for space heating and district heating for domestic hot water preparation. Photovoltaic systems are installed in the available roof spaces, however, more renewable sources are required due to very large number of apartments (very high density) to reach PED, and thus, simulation studies are performed.Load calculation and system optimisation: City Energy Analyst Identification of stranded assets for asset owners and investors to understand the carbon risks: CRREM
        A2P003: Application of ISO52000
        A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoNoNoNoNoNo
        A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
        A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoYesYesNo
        A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
        A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoNoNoNoYes
        A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
        A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationLarge combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic.Mobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.
        A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
        A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2182.354.50.390.6777
        A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
        A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]1480.3319.40.6550.03656
        A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
        A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]00
        A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
        A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]0
        A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
        A2P011: PVyesnonoyesyesnono
        A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]40.42
        A2P011: Windnoyesnonononono
        A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Hydrononononononono
        A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
        A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
        A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: PVT_elnononononoyesno
        A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.01818
        A2P011: Othernoyesnonononono
        A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
        A2P012: Geothermalnonoyesnononono
        A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Solar Thermalnonoyesnononono
        A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Biomass_heatnonoyesnononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
        A2P012: Waste heat+HPnoyesyesyesnonono
        A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]300
        A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: PVT_thnonoyesnonoyesno
        A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.0825
        A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Othernonononononono
        A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
        A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesVery little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid.Geothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centersLocal energy utility will implement district level thermal solution. First, energy will be produced from waste heat from a local data center. Further thermal solutions are under discussion and development.
        A2P014: Annual energy use
        A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]62078.80.960.318
        A2P015: Annual energy delivered
        A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]39915.4-20.2055
        A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
        A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]00
        A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
        A2P017: Gasnonononononono
        A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
        A2P017: Coalnonononononono
        A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
        A2P017: Oilnonononononono
        A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
        A2P017: Othernoyesnononoyesno
        A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]3000
        A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
        A2P018: PVnonononononono
        A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Windnonononononono
        A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Hydrononononononono
        A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononono
        A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
        A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
        A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Othernononononoyesno
        A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]0.187
        A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
        A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
        A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Solar Thermalnonononononono
        A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononono
        A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonononononono
        A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
        A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
        A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
        A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Othernononononoyesno
        A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0
        A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
        A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary000000.538395721925130
        A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
        A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]4500006.93
        A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
        A2P022: Safety & Securitynone
        A2P022: Healthindoor air quility (indoor CO2 concentration) - measured on the extract air of the mechanical ventilation system. Relative humidity to avoid mold.thermal comfort diagram
        A2P022: Educationnone
        A2P022: Mobilitynone
        A2P022: EnergySpace heating demand, thermal energy delivered by district heating, electricity of the heat pump, thermal losses of the pipes, and PV production.normalized CO2/GHG & Energy intensity
        A2P022: Water
        A2P022: Economic developmentcost of excess emissions
        A2P022: Housing and Community
        A2P022: Waste
        A2P022: Other
        A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
        A2P023: Photovoltaicsnoyesyesyesyesyesyes
        A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsnoyesyesnonoyesno
        A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononononono
        A2P023: Geothermal energy systemnonoyesnonoyesyes
        A2P023: Waste heat recoverynoyesyesyesnoyesno
        A2P023: Waste to energynoyesyesnononono
        A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
        A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
        A2P023: Heat Pumpnoyesyesyesyesyesyes
        A2P023: Hydrogennonononononono
        A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononononono
        A2P023: Biomassnoyesnonononono
        A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
        A2P023: Other
        A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
        A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)nonoyesyesnoyesno
        A2P024: Energy management systemnoyesyesyesnonono
        A2P024: Demand-side managementnoyesyesyesnonono
        A2P024: Smart electricity gridnoyesnoyesnonono
        A2P024: Thermal Storagenoyesyesnoyesyesno
        A2P024: Electric Storagenoyesyesnononoyes
        A2P024: District Heating and Coolingnoyesyesyesyesyesno
        A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsnoyesyesnononono
        A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonononoyesnono
        A2P024: Other
        A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
        A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnoyesnononoyesyes
        A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsnonoyesnononono
        A2P025: High-performance new buildingsnonoyesyesyesnono
        A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)nonoyesyesnonono
        A2P025: Urban data platformsnonoyesyesnonono
        A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnonononononono
        A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)nononoyesyesyesno
        A2P025: Smart irrigationnonononononono
        A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononono
        A2P025: Smart surveillancenoyesnonononono
        A2P025: Other
        A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
        A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nononoyesnonono
        A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nononoyesnonono
        A2P026: e-Mobilitynonoyesyesnonono
        A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnononoyesnonono
        A2P026: Car-free areanonononononono
        A2P026: Other
        A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
        A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
        A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
        A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesNoYesNo
        A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance Certificate - in Greece it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwellingEnergy Performance CertificateTwo buildings are certified "Passive House new build"
        A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
        A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNoNo
        A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
        A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
        A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
        • Smart cities strategies,
        • Urban Renewal Strategies,
        • New development strategies,
        • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • New development strategies,
        • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
        • Smart cities strategies
        • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
        • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • New development strategies
        A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
        A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyReduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030The study aligns closely with the decarbonisation and energy reduction pathways of residential multi family buildings with 1.5°C global warming target in Sweden. This study will also contribute to the achievement of the carbon neturality of whole Borlänge city by 2030.
        A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
        A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
        • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
        • Biogas
        • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
        • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
        • Biogas
        • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
        • Other
        A3P003: OtherDistrict heating based mainly on heat pumps and renewable sources
        A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
        A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesDecarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city.The priority was to eliminate the CO2 emissions by optimizing the building envelope and the heating systems.In our project, we carried out a comprehensive exploration of strategies to achieve positive energy districts in a Swedish residential portfolio. The focus on urban energy transitions necessitates a holistic approach that integrates building retrofit, solar technology exploration, and heating supply optimisation. Exploration of Local Solar Sources: The analysis reveals varying solar irradiance resources throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of strategic placement. Integration of combined photovoltaic and thermal panels into building envelopes demonstrates the potential to cover a significant portion of the energy demand even in Sweden. Heating Supply Optimisation with Solar Technologies: Despite the surplus energy production from on-site solar technology, challenges arise due to temporal energy asymmetry. The introduction of heat pumps emerges as a feasible solution to balance energy gaps, utilising both rejected and free heat. Optimisation scenarios, utilising a combination of geothermal heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and PVT, showcase remarkable reductions in emissions and primary energy consumption. Urban Form and Energy Infrastructure Design: We realised the importance of returning to urban form and energy infrastructure design to optimise future residential portfolio potential. Building layout design, influenced by zoning regulations and innovative typologies, plays a crucial role in achieving district level energy efficiency. Future challenges, including demographic shifts, e-mobility, and climate change, necessitate a more holistic approach to energy infrastructure design, addressing not only heating and electricity demands but also cooling requirements.
        A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
        A3P005: Sustainable behaviour- Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings.In Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.While our investigation primarily centres on technical optimisation within Positive Energy District (PED) development, it is essential to acknowledge the broader scope encompassing social and governance dimensions. Specifically, understanding stakeholders' willingness to embrace technical recommendations upon project completion is important. Several potential influencing factors merit exploration, including economic considerations, technical optimisation-associated embodied carbon balance, the general public's technical perceptions, and operational feasibility. Evaluating these aspects holistically not only enhances the efficacy of PED initiatives but also fosters greater acceptance and participation within the communities they serve.
        A3P006: Economic strategies
        A3P006: Economic strategies
        • Life Cycle Cost,
        • Circular economy models
        • Innovative business models,
        • Blockchain
        • PPP models,
        • Circular economy models
        • Open data business models,
        • Life Cycle Cost,
        • Circular economy models,
        • Local trading
        A3P006: Other
        A3P007: Social models
        A3P007: Social models
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Policy Forums,
        • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Citizen Social Research,
        • Prevention of energy poverty,
        • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Quality of Life
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Social incentives,
        • Affordability,
        • Prevention of energy poverty,
        • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
        • Social incentives,
        • Affordability,
        • Digital Inclusion
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
        • Quality of Life,
        • Prevention of energy poverty
        A3P007: Other
        A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
        A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • District Energy plans
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • District Energy plans,
        • City Vision 2050,
        • SECAP Updates
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
        • District Energy plans
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
        • District Energy plans,
        • Building / district Certification
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • City Vision 2050,
        • SECAP Updates
        A3P008: Other
        A3P009: Environmental strategies
        A3P009: Environmental strategies
        • Energy Neutral,
        • Net zero carbon footprint
        • Energy Neutral
        • Net zero carbon footprint,
        • Life Cycle approach,
        • Greening strategies,
        • Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
        • Energy Neutral,
        • Low Emission Zone
        • Low Emission Zone,
        • Net zero carbon footprint,
        • Life Cycle approach,
        • Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS)
        • Pollutants Reduction,
        • Greening strategies
        A3P009: Other
        A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
        A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsCurrent energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their ownAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity
        B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
        B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionThe large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat.Implementation of district level heating system to make heating energy positive and expanding local renewable electricity production.Extremely low building energy demand, the electric energy of the heat pump used for space heating is significantly lower compared to thermal energy for the domestic hot water preparation.The Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Sweden presents a compelling case study for its classification as a PED-related research, given its alignment with sustainable behaviours and overarching PED development principles as follows: Inclusivity and Social Equity: The residential portfolio situated in Rymdgatan caters primarily to a low-income community. By focusing on this demographic, the project addresses critical aspects of social equity within sustainable urban development. Ensuring access to energy-efficient housing and amenities for economically disadvantaged populations not only fosters social cohesion but also mitigates energy poverty, a pressing concern in many urban contexts. Multifamily Residential Building: The inclusion of multifamily residential buildings within the portfolio underscores a commitment to density and efficient land use, both essential components of sustainable urban design. Such developments promote resource optimisation by consolidating housing units, thereby reducing per capita energy consumption and infrastructure demands. Moreover, multifamily dwellings often facilitate community engagement and shared resource management, fostering a culture of sustainability among residents. Low Carbon Retrofitting and Transition: The overarching initiative to transition the entire Jakobsgårdarna district. The included Rymdgatan portfolio, towards low carbon retrofitting, represents a significant example of decarbonization and climate resilience. By integrating energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions into existing infrastructure, the project not only reduces carbon emissions but also serves as a blueprint for revitalising old urban environments sustainably. This holistic approach to retrofitting demonstrates a systemic commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term sustainability. Climate Adaptation and Renewable Energy Integration: Despite Sweden's climatic challenges, including lower solar resources during winter months, the Rymdgatan project leverages its geographical context to optimize renewable energy utilization. Sweden's greater solar resource availability during summer and geothermal potentials complement the design's emphasis on seasonal energy planning, where surplus energy generated during peak periods can be stored or redistributed efficiently. By embracing climate-responsive design strategies, the project demonstrates resilience in the face of climate variability while harnessing renewable energy potential effectively.
        B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
        B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentThe area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences.Since it is an urban area, with high building and apartment density, the need for CO2 reduction is quite relevant and thus, in new built, the minimization of CO2 emissions is crucial.Borlänge city has committed to become the carbon-neutral city by 2030.
        B1P003: Environment of the case study area
        B2P003: Environment of the case study areaSuburban areaUrban areaUrban areaUrban areaUrban area
        B1P004: Type of district
        B2P004: Type of district
        • Renovation
        • New construction
        • New construction
        • Renovation
        • Renovation
        B1P005: Case Study Context
        B1P005: Case Study Context
        • Retrofitting Area
        • Re-use / Transformation Area
        • Re-use / Transformation Area,
        • New Development
        • Re-use / Transformation Area,
        • Retrofitting Area
        • Retrofitting Area
        B1P006: Year of construction
        B1P006: Year of construction20221990
        B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
        B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential16.931100
        B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
        B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential14000780100
        B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
        B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential6
        B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
        B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential100006
        B1P011: Population density before intervention
        B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
        B1P012: Population density after intervention
        B1P012: Population density after intervention0000.0413793103448280.0687164126508680.0106586224233280
        B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
        B1P013: Residentialnononoyesnoyesyes
        B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]436064 787,57
        B1P013: Officenononoyesnonono
        B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Industry and Utilitynononoyesnonono
        B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Commercialnonononononoyes
        B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]262,33
        B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
        B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Natural areasnonononononono
        B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
        B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Dismissed areasnononoyesnonono
        B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Othernononononoyesno
        B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]706
        B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
        B1P014: Residentialnononoyesyesyesno
        B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]4360
        B1P014: Officenononoyesnonono
        B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Industry and Utilitynonononononono
        B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Commercialnononoyesyesnono
        B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Institutionalnonononoyesnoyes
        B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]35322.21
        B1P014: Natural areasnonononononono
        B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Recreationalnononoyesyesnono
        B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
        B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Othernononononoyesno
        B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]706
        B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
        B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionAn ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area.Groningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
        B2P002: Installation life time
        B2P002: Installation life timeNo new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies.The MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
        B2P003: Scale of action
        B2P003: ScaleDistrictDistrict
        B2P004: Operator of the installation
        B2P004: Operator of the installationKristian OlesenThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.
        B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
        B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsReplication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED.Groningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
        B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
        B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNo
        B2P006: Other
        B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
        B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
        • Civic
        • Civic
        B2P007: Other
        B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
        B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabResearch center/UniversityMunicipality
        B2P008: Other
        B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
        B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
        • Academia,
        • Private
        • Academia,
        • Private,
        • Industrial,
        • Other
        B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
        B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
        B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
        B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
        B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
        • Buildings,
        • Demand-side management,
        • Energy storage,
        • Energy networks,
        • Waste management,
        • Lighting,
        • E-mobility,
        • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
        • Social interactions,
        • Business models
        B2P011: Other
        B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
        B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
        • Tools for prototyping and modelling
        B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
        B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
        B2P014: Monitoring measures
        B2P014: Monitoring measures
        • Execution plan,
        • Available data,
        • Type of measured data,
        • Equipment,
        • Level of access
        B2P015: Key Performance indicators
        B2P015: Key Performance indicators
        • Energy,
        • Social,
        • Economical / Financial
        B2P016: Execution of operations
        B2P016: Execution of operations
        B2P017: Capacities
        B2P017: Capacities
        B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
        B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
        B2P019: Available tools
        B2P019: Available tools
        • Energy modelling,
        • Social models,
        • Business and financial models
        B2P019: Available tools
        B2P020: External accessibility
        B2P020: External accessibility
        C1P001: Unlocking Factors
        C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production5 - Very important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts5 - Very important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important
        C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
        C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important2 - Slightly important
        C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)2 - Slightly important4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important4 - Important
        C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
        C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
        C1P002: Driving Factors
        C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need4 - Important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important
        C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
        C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important
        C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
        C1P003: Administrative barriers
        C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant
        C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Lack of public participation3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
        C1P004: Policy barriers
        C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
        C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
        C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
        C1P005: Non-effective regulations4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
        C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important
        C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation4 - Important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important
        C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
        C1P006: Environmental barriers
        C1P006: Environmental barriersUrban area very high buildings (and apartment) density and thus, less available space for renewable sources.2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Technical barriers
        C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Deficient planning3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state4 - Important5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Lack of well-defined process4 - Important4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment5 - Very important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
        C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
        C1P008: Inertia4 - Important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements5 - Very important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies5 - Very important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors5 - Very important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P008: Rebound effect4 - Important2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
        C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
        C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
        C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
        C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
        C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
        C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts5 - Very important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
        C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation3 - Moderately important4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
        C1P010: Financial barriers
        C1P010: Hidden costs4 - Important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P010: Risk and uncertainty5 - Very important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models4 - Important3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
        C1P011: Market barriers
        C1P011: Split incentives2 - Slightly important5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P011: Energy price distortion2 - Slightly important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)3 - Moderately important4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
        C1P012: Stakeholders involved
        C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Planning/leading
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        C1P012: Research & Innovation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading
        • None
        C1P012: Financial/Funding
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Construction/implementation
        • None
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • None
        • None
        C1P012: Business process management
        • Planning/leading
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • None
        • None
        C1P012: Urban Services providers
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Construction/implementation
        • None
        C1P012: Real Estate developers
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading
        • Design/demand aggregation
        C1P012: Design/Construction companies
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • None
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
        • None
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Construction/implementation
        C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Planning/leading
        • Planning/leading
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Design/demand aggregation
        C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • None
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        C1P012: Other
        C1P012: Other (if any)
        Summary

        Authors (framework concept)

        Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

        Contributors (to the content)

        Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

        Implemented by

        Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
        Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)