Name | Project | Type | Compare |
---|---|---|---|
Örebro-Vivalla | JUST PEPP | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
Tiurberget, Kongsvinger | JUST PEPP | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
Texel | JUST PEPP | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
Hällefors, Sweden | JUST PEPP | PED Relevant Case Study | Compare |
Cerdanyola del Valles, School of Engineering, Campus Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona | OPEN4CEC | PED Lab | Compare |
Bucharest, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE) PED Lab | OPEN4CEC | PED Lab | Compare |
Pamplona | OPEN4CEC | PED Lab | Compare |
Trondheim, Svartlamon | OPEN4CEC | PED Lab | Compare |
Savona, The University of Genova, Savona Campus | OPEN4CEC | PED Lab | Compare |
Torres Vedras, Encosta de São Vicente | COPPER | PED Lab | Compare |
Title | Kifissia, Energy community | Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | Drammen, Jacobs Borchs Gate | Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark | Munich, Harthof district | Salzburg, Gneis district |
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A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab | Kifissia, Energy community | Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio | Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) | Drammen, Jacobs Borchs Gate | Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city | Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad | Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark | Munich, Harthof district | Salzburg, Gneis district |
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet | |||||||||
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site | |||||||||
PED case study ?District-level project with a high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility, and energy production. The project has to address most of the aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition, including the ambition to achieve annual energy positive balance "Positive Energy Districts are energy-efficient and energy-flexible urban areas or groups of connected buildings that produce net zero greenhouse gas emissions and actively manage an annual local or regional surplus production of renewable energy. They require integration of different systems and infrastructures and interaction between buildings, the users and the regional energy, mobility and ICT systems while securing the energy supply and a good life for all in line with social, economic and environmental sustainability." | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
PED relevant case study ?District-level project with a high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility, and energy production. The project does not necessarily have to meet annual energy positive balance, but it has to address some aspects listed in the JPI UE PED Framework Definition (“Positive Energy Districts are energy-efficient and energy-flexible urban areas or groups of connected buildings that produce net zero greenhouse gas emissions and actively manage an annual local or regional surplus production of renewable energy. They require integration of different systems and infrastructures and interaction between buildings, the users, and the regional energy, mobility, and ICT systems while securing the energy supply and a good life for all in line with social, economic, and environmental sustainability." | yes | yes | no | yes | no | yes | yes | no | no |
PED Lab. ?PED-Lab definition regarding the Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan Action 3.2): PED Labs will be pilot actions that provide opportunities to experiment with the planning and deployment of PEDs, as well as provide seeding ground for new ideas, solutions, and services to develop. PED Labs will follow an integrative approach, including technology, spatial, regulatory, financial, legal, social, and economic perspectives. | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
Climate neutrality ?Climate neutrality means that, on a periodic basis, the carbon dioxide emissions within the limits of the district are compensated with the exported energy or by carbon capture. | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
Annual energy surplus ?The total annual energy balance is positive; therefore, the area will deliver, on average, an energy surplus to be shared with other urban or peri-urban zones. | no | yes | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
Energy community ?The energy community refers to a wide range of collective energy actions that involve citizens’ participation in the energy system. Energy communities can be understood as a way to ‘organize’ collective energy actions around open, democratic participation and governance and the provision of benefits for the members or the local community | yes | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
Circularity ?circular systems employ reuse, sharing, repair, refurbishment, remanufacturing and recycling to create a closed‐loop system, minimizing the use of resource inputs and the creation of waste, pollution and carbon emissions. In the case of PED, the revalorization of waste (such as residues from the different sectors) for the energy production is prioritized, but many other pathways could be taken, considering the cycle of water, food, etc | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
Air quality and urban comfort ?The objective of improving air quality is to reduce the concentration of the five main pollutants: O3, NO2, SO2, PM2.5 and PM10 | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
Electrification ?electrification is the process in which the supply of any energy needs of a district and/or city, such as the heating needs or the mobility sector,
are supplied by electricity-driven technologies | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
Net-zero energy cost ?the amount of money the utility pays the building owner for the energy the building exports to the grid is at least equal to the amount the owner pays the utility for the energy services and energy used over the year | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
Net-zero emission ?a net-zero-emissions building produces at least as much emissions-free renewable energy as it uses from emissions-producing energy sources | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous) ?self‐sufficiency means that within a year, the district will never import energy from outside the boundaries (e.g. consume electricity or gas from the grids) | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
Maximise self-sufficiency ?Maximizing self‐sufficiency means that within a year, the district is allowed to import energy from outside the boundaries; however, the energy content of the imported energy products to the district should be less than (or equal to) the energy content of the energy products exported from the district. Thus, the net imports is zero or negative | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
Other | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no | no | no |
Other (A1P004) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Sustainable neighbourhood; Energy efficient | Energy efficient; Carbon-free; A drive for both non fossil fuel and non-greenhouse gas working fluids plus maximum efficiency led to deploying ammonia fjord source heat pumps | (not specified) | Energy-flexibility | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab ?Planning stage: Case Study or Lab is being designed
Implementation stage: Case Study or LAB is being deployed
Completed: Case Study or LAB is already finalized
In operation. Case Study or LAB is being used | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Planning Phase | Completed | Planning Phase | In operation | Planning Phase | Implementation Phase | Completed |
A1P006: Start Date | |||||||||
A1P006: Start date | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 01/09 | 01/24 | 01/13 | 11/22 | 01/23 | 01/20 |
A1P007: End Date | |||||||||
A1P007: End date | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 12/12 | 12/26 | 12/24 | 11/25 | 12/27 | 01/24 |
A1P008: Reference Project | |||||||||
A1P008: Reference Project | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | ||||||
A1P009: Data availability | |||||||||
A1P009: Data availability | (not specified) |
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A1P009: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P010: Sources ?Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab | |||||||||
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab |
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A1P011: Geographic coordinates ?Geographic coordinate system: latitude and longitude | |||||||||
X Coordinate (longitude): | 23.814588 | 15.394495 | 5.255589 | 10.230603 | 24.08168339 | 11.078770773531746 | 10.007 | 11.569625059947604 | 13.041216 |
Y Coordinate (latitude): | 38.077349 | 60.486609 | 60.276057 | 59.741334 | 56.95245956 | 61.42604420399112 | 57.041028 | 48.20436261275152 | 47.771019 |
A1P012: Country | |||||||||
A1P012: Country | Greece | Sweden | Norway | Norway | Latvia | Norway | Denmark | Germany | Austria |
A1P013: City | |||||||||
A1P013: City | Municipality of Kifissia | Borlänge | Bergen | Drammen | Riga | Evenstad, Stor-Elvdal municipality | Aalborg | Munich | Salzburg |
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) | |||||||||
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification). ?The most widely used climate classification system. It divides climates into five main climate groups based on seasonal precipitation and temperature patterns.
Af: Tropical‐Rainforest
Am: Tropical‐Monsoon
Aw: Tropical‐Savanna
BSh: Arid‐Steppe‐Hot
BSk: Arid‐Steppe‐Cold
BWh: Arid‐Desert‐Hot
BWk: Arid‐Desert‐Cold
Cfa: Temperate‐Without_dry_season‐Hot _ Summer
Cfb: Temperate‐Without_dry_season‐
Warm_Summer
Cfc: Temperate‐Without_dry_season‐Cold_Summer
Csa: Temperate‐Dry_Summer‐Hot_Summer
Csb: Temperate‐Dry_Summer‐Warm_Summer
Cwa: Temperate‐Dry_Winter‐Hot_Summer
Cwb: Temperate‐Dry_Winter‐Warm_Summer
Dfa: Cold‐Without_dry_season‐Very_Cold_Winter
Dfb: Cold‐Without_dry_season‐Warm_Summer
Dfc: Cold‐Without_dry_season‐Cold_Summer
Dsa: Cold‐Dry_Summer‐Hot_Summer
Dsb: Cold‐Dry_Summer‐Warm_Summer
Dsc: Cold‐Dry_Summer‐Cold_Summer
Dsd: Cold‐Dry_Summer‐Very_Cold_Winter
Dwa: Cold‐Dry_Winter‐Hot_Summer
Dwb: Cold‐Dry_Winter‐Warm_Summer
Dwc: Cold‐Dry_Winter‐Cold_Summer
Dwd: Cold‐Dry_Winter‐Very_Cold_Winter
EF: Polar‐Frost
ET: Polar‐Tundra | Csa | Dsb | Cfb | Dfb | Cfb | Dwc | Dfb | Cfb | Dfb |
A1P015: District boundary | |||||||||
A1P015: District boundary ?See individual answer options’ definitions below:
Functional: buildings are not close to each other, but they are interconnected, thanks to a gas, electric, or heating network.
Geographic: the boundaries are delimited by spatial-physical limits, including delineated buildings, sites, and infrastructure.
Off-Grid: The district is self-sufficient or autonomous, which means it is not connected to any utility grids (e.g., electricity, water, gas, and sewer networks). This is advantageous in isolated locations where normal utilities cannot reach them and is attractive to those who want to reduce environmental impact and the cost of living.
Virtual: If energy demand is covered by a generation unit (e.g., a wind turbine), which is typically shared with other consumption points and located outside the geographical boundaries of the district, then it could be considered a virtual boundary
Other ‐ specify: N/A | Virtual | Geographic | (not specified) | (not specified) | Geographic | Geographic | Virtual | Geographic | Geographic |
Other | The energy will be produced by a PV plant installed on the terrace of a municipal building. Members of the energy community (that is under formation) will benefit from the energy produced via virtual net metering. PV instalment and the buildings (owned by the members of the community) will be within the boundaries of the Municipality but not necessary in the same area/district/neighbourhood | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab | |||||||||
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab: ?Public: Ownership of an industry, asset, or enterprise by the state or a public body representing a community as opposed to an individual or private party. Private: The fact of being owned by a private individual or organization. Mixed: Ownership of the assets within the PED by both public and private entities. | (not specified) | Mixed | Private | Private | Public | Public | Public | Mixed | Mixed |
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure | |||||||||
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure: | (not specified) | Single Owner | Single Owner | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Single Owner | Multiple Owners | Multiple Owners | Single Owner |
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | |||||||||
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED | (not specified) | 10 | (not specified) | (not specified) | 15 | 22 | (not specified) | 126 | 17 |
A1P019: Conditioned space ?Closed building area, where there is intentional
control of the space thermal conditions within defined limits by using natural, electrical, or mechanical means | |||||||||
A1P019: Conditioned space | (not specified) | 3700 m² | (not specified) | (not specified) | 170000 m² | 10000 m² | (not specified) | 206 m² | 199762 m² |
A1P020: Total ground area ?The ground space (in m2) including green areas and streets within the defined physical boundaries. | |||||||||
A1P020: Total ground area | (not specified) | 9945 m² | 378000 m² | 1000 m² | 119264 m² | (not specified) | 31308000 m² | 560 m² | (not specified) |
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | |||||||||
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
A1P022: Financial schemes | |||||||||
A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estate | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO scheme | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Other | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National funding | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal funding | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EU | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes |
A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 7500000 EUR | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - National | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P022: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P023: Economic Targets | |||||||||
A1P023: Economic Targets | (not specified) |
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A1P023: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Boosting social cooperation and social aid |
A1P024: More comments: | |||||||||
A1P024: More comments: | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | |||||||||
A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
Contact person for general enquiries | |||||||||
A1P026: Name ?Name of the person who filled out the form | Artemis Giavasoglou, Kleopatra Kalampoka | Jingchun Shen | Christoph Gollner | Christoph Gollner | Judith Stiekema | Åse Lekang Sørensen | Kristian Olesen | Stefan Synek | Abel Magyari |
A1P027: Organization ?Organization of the person who filled out the form (e.g., Municipality of, University of…) | Municipality of Kifissia – SPARCS local team | Högskolan Dalarna | FFG | FFG | OASC | SINTEF / The Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods (ZEN) in Smart Cities | Aalborg University | City of Munich | ABUD |
A1P028: Affiliation ?Affiliation of the person who filled out the form | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University | Other | Other | Other | Research Center / University | Research Center / University | Municipality / Public Bodies | Research Center / University |
A1P028: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | not for profit private organisation | (not specified) | (not specified) | Andreas Bärnreuther | (not specified) |
A1P029: Email ?Contact e-mail of the person who filled out the form | giavasoglou@kifissia.gr | jih@du.se | christoph.gollner@ffg.at | christoph.gollner@ffg.at | judith@oascities.org | ase.sorensen@sintef.no | Kristian@plan.aau.dk | stefan.synek@muenchen.de | magyari.abel@abud.hu |
Contact person for other special topics | |||||||||
A1P030: Name ?Name of the project manager of the site | Stavros Zapantis - vice mayor | Xingxing Zhang | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Alex Søgaard Moreno | Stefan Synek | Strassl Ingeborg |
A1P031: Email ?Contact e-mail of the project manager of the site | stavros.zapantis@gmail.com | xza@du.se | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | asm@aalborg.dk | stefan.synek@muenchen.de | inge.strassl@salzburg.gv.at |
Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation | (not specified) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
A2P001: Fields of application | |||||||||
A2P001: Fields of application ?Energy efficiency simply means using less energy to perform the same task – that is, eliminating energy waste Energy flexibility In the electricity system, flexibility helps to maintain or restore the stability of a system, because only by reacting flexibly to constantly changing conditions - fluctuating electricity consumption, fluctuating electricity generation – the system is balanced. Energy production In terms of Renewable Energy production. E-mobility refers to clean and efficient transport, using electric vehicles, powered either by batteries or by hydrogen fuel cells. Digital technologies are set to make energy systems around the world more connected, intelligent, efficient, reliable and sustainable. Stunning advances in data, analytics and connectivity are enabling a range of new digital applications such as smart appliances, shared mobility, and 3D printing. Digitalized energy systems in the future may be able to identify who needs energy and deliver it at the right time, in the right place and at the lowest cost Water use refers to water actually used by end users (e.g. households, services, agriculture, industry) within a territory for a specific purpose such as domestic use, irrigation or industrial processing. Waste Management The new agenda for waste management thus focuses upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly seen as resource-rich, |
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A2P001: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | |||||||||
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields | (not specified) | Load calculation and system optimisation: City Energy Analyst Identification of stranded assets for asset owners and investors to understand the carbon risks: CRREM | (not specified) | (not specified) | A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices. | Campus Evenstad is a small department at Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, with 220 students. The vision for Campus Evenstad is an energy-flexible Campus Evenstad in an emission-free Europe. The area consists of approx. 20 buildings managed and owned by Statsbygg; the Norwegian government’s building commissioner, property manager and developer. The oldest building is from the 1700-century and the newest is the administration centre (2017) which is a Zero Emission Building (ZEB) with the highest ambitions (ZEB-COM). Their concept has been to realize Campus Evenstad as an energy pilot, where innovative energy solutions are demonstrated, showing how local areas can become more self-sufficient in energy. The energy system at Evenstad consists of several innovative energy solutions that are new in a Norwegian and European context. They are combined in local infrastructure for electricity and heat, which has led to new knowledge and learning about how the solutions work together, and how the interaction is between the local and the national energy system. The solutions consist of solar cells (PV), solar collectors, combined heat and power plant (CHP) based on wood chips, biofuel boiler, electric boiler, grid connection, district heating, heat storage, stationary battery and bidirectional electric vehicle (EV) charging (V2G). Statsbygg has gained a lot of operational experience from Campus Evenstad - both from individual technologies and from the interaction between these, which benefits Statsbygg's 2,200 buildings and 3 million m2 around Norway. Sharing of experiences is central. Campus Evenstad is a pilot in the Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods (ZEN) in Smart Cities were several of the solutions has been developed and studied. | Stakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenarios | (not specified) | - Dynamic district, and building scale energy modelling - Microclimate modelling - Klimaaktiv certification system - Energy community - Flexibility with shared heating and electricity systems |
A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | |||||||||
A2P003: Application of ISO52000 | (not specified) | No | (not specified) | (not specified) | No | No | No | (not specified) | Yes |
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance | (not specified) | Yes | (not specified) | (not specified) | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | |||||||||
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance | (not specified) | No | (not specified) | (not specified) | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | |||||||||
A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus. | At Campus Evenstad there is infrastructure for EV charging and bidirectional charging (V2G). EV charging is included in the energy balance. | Large combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | |||||||||
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand | (not specified) | 0.6777 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | 8000 GWh/annum | 0.77 GWh/annum | 218 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | |||||||||
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand | (not specified) | 0.03656 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | 5000 GWh/annum | 0.76 GWh/annum | 148 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | |||||||||
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility | (not specified) | 0 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | |||||||||
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure | (not specified) | 0 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||
A2P011: PV | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 0.065 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | 0.7770664 GWh/annum |
A2P011: Wind | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | no |
A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 0.050 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: PVT_el | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | 0.01818 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P011: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||
A2P012: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no |
A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 0.045 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no | no |
A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 0.35 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 300 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: PVT_th | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | 0.0825 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P012: Other | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | |||||||||
A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Conventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES. | Listed values are measurements from 2018. Renewable energy share is increasing. | Very little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P014: Annual energy use | |||||||||
A2P014: Annual energy use | (not specified) | 0.318 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 1.500 GWh/annum | 620 GWh/annum | (not specified) | 0.819016 GWh/annum |
A2P015: Annual energy delivered | |||||||||
A2P015: Annual energy delivered | (not specified) | 0.2055 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 1 GWh/annum | 399 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | |||||||||
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year | (not specified) | 0 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | -1 GWh/annum |
A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | |||||||||
A2P017: Gas | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P017: Coal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P017: Oil | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P017: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year | (not specified) | 0 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 300 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||
A2P018: PV | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Wind | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Hydro | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Biomass_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Biomass_peat_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: PVT_el | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P018: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available | (not specified) | 0.187 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year | |||||||||
A2P019: Geothermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Solar Thermal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Biomass_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Waste heat+HP | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Biomass_peat_heat | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: PVT_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Biomass_firewood_th | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P019: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum | (not specified) | 0 GWh/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | |||||||||
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary | 0 | 0.53839572192513 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | |||||||||
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED | (not specified) | 6.93 tCO2/annum | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab | |||||||||
A2P022: Safety & Security | (not specified) | none | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: Health | (not specified) | thermal comfort diagram | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | CO2) levels, Predicted Mean Vote,Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied, Temperature, Relative Humidity, Illuminance, Daylight factor, Sound pressure levels |
A2P022: Education | (not specified) | none | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: Mobility | (not specified) | none | Mode of transport; Access to public transport | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: Energy | (not specified) | normalized CO2/GHG & Energy intensity | Energy efficiency in buildings; Net energy need; Gross energy need; Total energy need | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Energy | Non-renewable primary energy balance, Renewable energy ratio, Grid Purchase factor, Load cover factor/Self-generation, Supply cover factor/Self-consumption, Net energy/Net power, Peak delivered/exported power, Connection capacity credit, Total greenhouse gas emissions |
A2P022: Water | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: Economic development | (not specified) | cost of excess emissions | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Investment costs, Share of investments covered by grants, Maintenance-related costs, Requirement-related costs, Operation-related costs, Other costs, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Economic Value Added, Payback Period, nZEB Cost Comparison |
A2P022: Housing and Community | (not specified) | (not specified) | Delivery and proximity to amenities | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Access to services, Affordability of energy, Affordability of housing, Democratic legitimacy, Living conditions, Social cohesion, Personal safety, Energy consciousness |
A2P022: Waste | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P022: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | GHG emissions; Power/load; Life cycle cost (LCC); Demographic needs and consultation plan; Public Space | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation | |||||||||
A2P023: Photovoltaics | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes |
A2P023: Solar thermal collectors | no | yes | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
A2P023: Wind Turbines | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P023: Geothermal energy system | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
A2P023: Waste heat recovery | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P023: Waste to energy | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P023: Polygeneration | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P023: Co-generation | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no |
A2P023: Heat Pump | no | yes | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no |
A2P023: Hydrogen | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P023: Hydropower plant | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P023: Biomass | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no | no |
A2P023: Biogas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P023: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | The Co-generation is biomass based. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility | |||||||||
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) | no | yes | no | no | yes | yes | no | yes | no |
A2P024: Energy management system | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
A2P024: Demand-side management | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
A2P024: Smart electricity grid | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | no | yes |
A2P024: Thermal Storage | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
A2P024: Electric Storage | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
A2P024: District Heating and Cooling | no | yes | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | yes | yes | no |
A2P024: P2P – buildings | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
A2P024: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Bidirectional electric vehicle (EV) charging (V2G) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency | |||||||||
A2P025: Deep Retrofitting | no | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | no |
A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildings | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P025: High-performance new buildings | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes |
A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting) | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P025: Urban data platforms | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | yes | no |
A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no |
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting) | no | yes | no | no | yes | no | no | no | yes |
A2P025: Smart irrigation | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposal | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P025: Smart surveillance | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | no |
A2P025: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility | |||||||||
A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private) | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances) | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
A2P026: e-Mobility | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | yes | yes |
A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutions | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
A2P026: Car-free area | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
A2P026: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | |||||||||
A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Shared mobility: a mobility point will be implemented and ensure the flexible use of different mobility services. |
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | |||||||||
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates | (not specified) | No | (not specified) | (not specified) | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | Energy Performance Certificate - in Greece it is mandatory in order to buy or rent a house or a dwelling | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Passive house (2 buildings, 4 200 m2, from 2015) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Energy Performance Certificate |
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | |||||||||
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates | (not specified) | No | (not specified) | (not specified) | No | Yes | No | (not specified) | Yes |
A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Zero Emission Building (ZEB) with the highest ambitions (ZEB-COM) (admin building, 1 141 m2, 2016) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Klimaaktiv certificate, Greenpass certificate |
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy | |||||||||
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
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A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | |||||||||
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy | (not specified) | The study aligns closely with the decarbonisation and energy reduction pathways of residential multi family buildings with 1.5°C global warming target in Sweden. This study will also contribute to the achievement of the carbon neturality of whole Borlänge city by 2030. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Reduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030 | City wide climate neutrality by 2035, city administration climate neutrality by 2030 | (not specified) |
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | |||||||||
A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
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A3P003: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | |||||||||
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities | (not specified) | In our project, we carried out a comprehensive exploration of strategies to achieve positive energy districts in a Swedish residential portfolio. The focus on urban energy transitions necessitates a holistic approach that integrates building retrofit, solar technology exploration, and heating supply optimisation. Exploration of Local Solar Sources: The analysis reveals varying solar irradiance resources throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of strategic placement. Integration of combined photovoltaic and thermal panels into building envelopes demonstrates the potential to cover a significant portion of the energy demand even in Sweden. Heating Supply Optimisation with Solar Technologies: Despite the surplus energy production from on-site solar technology, challenges arise due to temporal energy asymmetry. The introduction of heat pumps emerges as a feasible solution to balance energy gaps, utilising both rejected and free heat. Optimisation scenarios, utilising a combination of geothermal heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and PVT, showcase remarkable reductions in emissions and primary energy consumption. Urban Form and Energy Infrastructure Design: We realised the importance of returning to urban form and energy infrastructure design to optimise future residential portfolio potential. Building layout design, influenced by zoning regulations and innovative typologies, plays a crucial role in achieving district level energy efficiency. Future challenges, including demographic shifts, e-mobility, and climate change, necessitate a more holistic approach to energy infrastructure design, addressing not only heating and electricity demands but also cooling requirements. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Decarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | |||||||||
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour | (not specified) | While our investigation primarily centres on technical optimisation within Positive Energy District (PED) development, it is essential to acknowledge the broader scope encompassing social and governance dimensions. Specifically, understanding stakeholders' willingness to embrace technical recommendations upon project completion is important. Several potential influencing factors merit exploration, including economic considerations, technical optimisation-associated embodied carbon balance, the general public's technical perceptions, and operational feasibility. Evaluating these aspects holistically not only enhances the efficacy of PED initiatives but also fosters greater acceptance and participation within the communities they serve. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | - Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P006: Economic strategies | |||||||||
A3P006: Economic strategies | (not specified) |
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A3P006: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P007: Social models | |||||||||
A3P007: Social models | (not specified) |
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A3P007: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Campus Evenstad is a small department at Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, with 220 students. Sharing knowledge is essential: Evenstad has regular visits from Politicians, decision-makers, researchers, environmental organizations, and energy- and building companies. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | |||||||||
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies | (not specified) |
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A3P008: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P009: Environmental strategies | |||||||||
A3P009: Environmental strategies | (not specified) |
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A3P009: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | |||||||||
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Campus Evenstad became a prosumer in 2016, as the first with DSO Eidsiva. Evenstad is also one of the first three PV systems in Norway to receive green certificates. | Current energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their own | decision by the Munich City Council in 2019 to become climate neutral by 2030 / 2035 | (not specified) |
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | |||||||||
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition | (not specified) | The Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Sweden presents a compelling case study for its classification as a PED-related research, given its alignment with sustainable behaviours and overarching PED development principles as follows: Inclusivity and Social Equity: The residential portfolio situated in Rymdgatan caters primarily to a low-income community. By focusing on this demographic, the project addresses critical aspects of social equity within sustainable urban development. Ensuring access to energy-efficient housing and amenities for economically disadvantaged populations not only fosters social cohesion but also mitigates energy poverty, a pressing concern in many urban contexts. Multifamily Residential Building: The inclusion of multifamily residential buildings within the portfolio underscores a commitment to density and efficient land use, both essential components of sustainable urban design. Such developments promote resource optimisation by consolidating housing units, thereby reducing per capita energy consumption and infrastructure demands. Moreover, multifamily dwellings often facilitate community engagement and shared resource management, fostering a culture of sustainability among residents. Low Carbon Retrofitting and Transition: The overarching initiative to transition the entire Jakobsgårdarna district. The included Rymdgatan portfolio, towards low carbon retrofitting, represents a significant example of decarbonization and climate resilience. By integrating energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions into existing infrastructure, the project not only reduces carbon emissions but also serves as a blueprint for revitalising old urban environments sustainably. This holistic approach to retrofitting demonstrates a systemic commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term sustainability. Climate Adaptation and Renewable Energy Integration: Despite Sweden's climatic challenges, including lower solar resources during winter months, the Rymdgatan project leverages its geographical context to optimize renewable energy utilization. Sweden's greater solar resource availability during summer and geothermal potentials complement the design's emphasis on seasonal energy planning, where surplus energy generated during peak periods can be stored or redistributed efficiently. By embracing climate-responsive design strategies, the project demonstrates resilience in the face of climate variability while harnessing renewable energy potential effectively. | (not specified) | (not specified) | ExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs. | The biggest impact is the demonstration of several new energy solutions for local communities. Statsbygg/Campus Evenstad contributes to the development of innovations, pushing technological development through purchasing and demonstration of the solutions. This is a benefit for both end users, energy service providers and society at large. Evenstad also contribute to developing the local business community. For example, local biomass chip production for CHP, development of V2G-software etc. Several key solutions have been important when aiming to achieve the goals of reduced emissions, increased self-sufficiency in energy, and an energy-flexible campus. Example Vehicle-to-grid (V2G): We realized bidirectional EV charging at Campus Evenstad in 2019, demonstrating V2G for the first time in Norway. The experiences from Evenstad provide increased knowledge and practical experience from purchasing, installing and operating the V2G solution, and can contribute to creating new solutions within the energy system. With the equipment installed, the batteries in EVs can supply power back to buildings or the power grid. Example solar cells (PV): We installed PV in 2013 when there were only a few grid-connected PV systems in Norway. The PV system was an important piece in changing the view on solar energy in Norway, where businesses, the public sector and private individuals started seeing the potential for solar energy also this far north. In 2022, the PV system was expanded with PV cells on the facade of the energy center. Example Solar collector system: Covers 100m2 of the roof surface of dormitories and supplies supplies 117 dormitories with all the hot water they need (4000m2 floor area. The solar collector system is connected to the district heating system, where the main heat source is bioenergy. Solar energy and bioenergy complement each other at different times of the year. Example battery bank: Among the 5 largest electrical batteries in Norway connected to the grid. Example CHP: First of its kind in Norway, generating heat and electricity from biomass. Already in 2010, fossil fuels were phased out by converting from oil to wood-chip heating. | The large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat. | Munich as demonstrator together with Lyon in ASCEND project | (not specified) |
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | |||||||||
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development | (not specified) | Borlänge city has committed to become the carbon-neutral city by 2030. | (not specified) | (not specified) | Expected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions. | In line with the EU's vision of "local energy communities", Campus Evenstad demonstrates energy actions that contribute to the clean energy transition. The campus has been developed over several years, demonstrating several innovative and sustainable technologies and energy solutions in a microgrid, e.g. vehicle to grid (V2G), biomass-based combined heat and power (CHP), solar energy, energy storage and zero emission buildings. It shows how to use new technology to enable zero emissions areas. Dedicated professionals, both Statsbygg's operating staff and researchers from FME ZEN have been central to the realization, together with dedicated management at the University campus, who have shown a great willingness to implement new solutions. | The area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences. | speed and scale of PEDs | (not specified) |
B1P003: Environment of the case study area | |||||||||
B2P003: Environment of the case study area | (not specified) | Urban area | Suburban area | Suburban area | Urban area | Rural | Suburban area | Urban area | Suburban area |
B1P004: Type of district | |||||||||
B2P004: Type of district | (not specified) |
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B1P005: Case Study Context | |||||||||
B1P005: Case Study Context | (not specified) |
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B1P006: Year of construction | |||||||||
B1P006: Year of construction | (not specified) | 1990 | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 2024 |
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | |||||||||
B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential | (not specified) | 100 | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 16.931 | 6 | (not specified) |
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | |||||||||
B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential | (not specified) | 100 | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | 6 | (not specified) |
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||
B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential | (not specified) | 6 | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | |||||||||
B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential | (not specified) | 6 | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P011: Population density before intervention | |||||||||
B1P011: Population density before intervention | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
B1P012: Population density after intervention | |||||||||
B1P012: Population density after intervention | 0 | 0.010658622423328 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.010714285714286 | 0 |
B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention | |||||||||
B1P013: Residential | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no |
B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | 4360 m² | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Office | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Commercial | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Natural areas | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Recreational | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P013: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | 706 m² | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention | |||||||||
B1P014: Residential | no | yes | yes | no | no | no | no | yes | yes |
B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | 4360 m² | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Office | no | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Industry and Utility | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Commercial | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Institutional | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Natural areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes |
B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Recreational | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Dismissed areas | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B1P014: Other | no | yes | no | no | no | no | no | no | no |
B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm | (not specified) | 706 m² | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | |||||||||
B2P001: PED Lab concept definition | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | An ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P002: Installation life time | |||||||||
B2P002: Installation life time | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | No new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P003: Scale of action | |||||||||
B2P003: Scale | (not specified) | (not specified) | District | District | (not specified) | (not specified) | District | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P004: Operator of the installation | |||||||||
B2P004: Operator of the installation | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Kristian Olesen | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | |||||||||
B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Replication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED. | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P006: Circular Economy Approach | |||||||||
B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials? | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | No | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P006: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | |||||||||
B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
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B2P007: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | |||||||||
B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Research center/University | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P008: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | |||||||||
B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
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B2P009: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | |||||||||
B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | |||||||||
B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P011: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | |||||||||
B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | |||||||||
B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P014: Monitoring measures | |||||||||
B2P014: Monitoring measures | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P015: Key Performance indicators | |||||||||
B2P015: Key Performance indicators | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P016: Execution of operations | |||||||||
B2P016: Execution of operations | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P017: Capacities | |||||||||
B2P017: Capacities | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | |||||||||
B2P018: Relations with stakeholders | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P019: Available tools | |||||||||
B2P019: Available tools | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P019: Available tools | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
B2P020: External accessibility | |||||||||
B2P020: External accessibility | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P001: Unlocking Factors | |||||||||
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration | (not specified) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits | (not specified) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts | (not specified) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.) | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES) | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P002: Driving Factors | |||||||||
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency) | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Economic growth need | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence | 5 - Very important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P003: Administrative barriers | |||||||||
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Lack of public participation | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos) | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P004: Policy barriers | |||||||||
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers | |||||||||
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Regulatory instability | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Non-effective regulations | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples | (not specified) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P006: Environmental barriers | |||||||||
C1P006: Environmental barriers | (not specified) | 2 - Slightly important | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P007: Technical barriers | |||||||||
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Deficient planning | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Energy management systems of different new technologies does not "talk together" (e.g. solar inverter, V2G inverter). This creates challenges. | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers | |||||||||
C1P008: Inertia | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Rebound effect | 4 - Important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration | (not specified) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers | |||||||||
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers | (not specified) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts | (not specified) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | Different interests - Grid/energy stakeholders and building stakeholders | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P010: Financial barriers | |||||||||
C1P010: Hidden costs | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 4 - Important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Economic crisis | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 5 - Very important | 4 - Important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives | (not specified) | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 4 - Important | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P011: Market barriers | |||||||||
C1P011: Split incentives | (not specified) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P011: Energy price distortion | (not specified) | 4 - Important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 2 - Slightly important | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs) | (not specified) | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 5 - Very important | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER | (not specified) | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 3 - Moderately important | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant | 1 - Unimportant |
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P012: Stakeholders involved | |||||||||
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Research & Innovation | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Financial/Funding | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Business process management | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
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| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Urban Services providers | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Real Estate developers | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Design/Construction companies | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce | (not specified) |
| (not specified) | (not specified) |
|
| (not specified) |
| (not specified) |
C1P012: Other | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
C1P012: Other (if any) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) | (not specified) |
Summary |
Authors (framework concept)
Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)
Contributors (to the content)
Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)
Implemented by
Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)