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NameProjectTypeCompare
Kriegerheimstätten PED StepWise PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vienna/16. District HeatCOOP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Laxenburgerstraße AH HeatCOOP PED Lab Compare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Uncompare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Uncompare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Uncompare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Uncompare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleGroningen, PED North
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka
«×»
Findhorn, the Park
«×»
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0,
«×»
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim
«×»
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city
«×»
Aalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthIzmir, District of KarşıyakaFindhorn, the ParkHammarby Sjöstad 2.0,NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, TrondheimRiga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student cityAalborg East, Aalborg Municipality, Region of Northern Jutland, Denmark
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesyesnoyesyesno
PED relevant case studynononoyesnonoyes
PED Lab.yesnononononoyes
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesyesyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesyesyesnononono
Energy communityyesnoyesnonoyesno
Circularityyesnoyesnononono
Air quality and urban comfortnoyesnonononono
Electrificationnonoyesnononono
Net-zero energy costnoyesnonononono
Net-zero emissionyesnoyesnoyesnono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nononononoyesno
Maximise self-sufficiencynoyesyesnonoyesyes
Othernononoyesyesnono
Other (A1P004)Carbon-free; Social aspects/affordabilityEnergy neutral; Energy efficient; Sustainable neighbourhood
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhasePlanning PhaseIn operationIn operationIn operationPlanning PhasePlanning Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1810/2201/6201/1401/1601/2411/22
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2310/2512/2611/25
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Meteorological open data,
  • General statistical datasets,
  • GIS open datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • GIS open datasets
A1P009: OtherOther
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
    A1P011: Geographic coordinates
    X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512127.110049-3.609918.10743010.39647224.0816833910.007
    Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484638.49605457.653059.30640563.42228056.9524595657.041028
    A1P012: Country
    A1P012: CountryNetherlandsTurkeyUnited KingdomSwedenNorwayLatviaDenmark
    A1P013: City
    A1P013: CityGroningenİzmirFindhornHammarby SjöstadTrondheimRigaAalborg
    A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
    A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaCsaDwcDfbDfbCfbDfb
    A1P015: District boundary
    A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicGeographicGeographicVirtual
    Other
    A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
    A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedPrivateMixedMixedMixedPublicPublic
    A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
    A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple Owners
    A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
    A1P018: Number of buildings in PED72116015
    A1P019: Conditioned space
    A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.01102795170000
    A1P020: Total ground area
    A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.13232600180000136.00011926431308000
    A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
    A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0300010
    A1P022: Financial schemes
    A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesnoyesnononono
    A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
    A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnonoyesnonono
    A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonononononono
    A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnoyesnononono
    A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononono
    A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnononononono
    A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernononoyesnonono
    A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesyesyesnonoyesno
    A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]11933557500000
    A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnoyesnonononoyes
    A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
    A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernononoyesnonono
    A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
    A1P022: Other
    A1P023: Economic Targets
    A1P023: Economic Targets
    • Boosting local businesses,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Boosting local businesses,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    • Positive externalities,
    • Boosting local businesses,
    • Boosting local and sustainable production
    A1P023: Other
    A1P024: More comments:
    A1P024: More comments:
    A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
    A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
    Contact person for general enquiries
    A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsOzlem SenyolStefano NebioloChristoph GollnerChristoph GollnerJudith StiekemaKristian Olesen
    A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenKarsiyaka MunicipalityFindhorn Innovation Research and Education CICFFGFFGOASCAalborg University
    A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesMunicipality / Public BodiesResearch Center / UniversityOtherOtherOtherResearch Center / University
    A1P028: Othernot for profit private organisation
    A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlozlemkocaer2@gmail.comstefanonebiolo@gmail.comchristop.gollner@ffg.atchristoph.gollner@ffg.atjudith@oascities.orgKristian@plan.aau.dk
    Contact person for other special topics
    A1P030: NameHasan Burak CavkaAlex Søgaard Moreno
    A1P031: Emailhasancavka@iyte.edu.trasm@aalborg.dk
    Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYesYes
    A2P001: Fields of application
    A2P001: Fields of application
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
    • Waste management
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.)
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Waste management
    • Energy production
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • E-mobility,
    • Digital technologies
    • Energy efficiency,
    • Energy flexibility,
    • Energy production,
    • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
    • Digital technologies
    A2P001: Other
    A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
    A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsMethods involve studying the feasibility of digital PED references for the case cities about their energy, environmental, and economic performance by EnergyPlus tool. In case of insufficient energy data and the need of high resolution data, ‘Gaussian mixture model and expectation-maximization algorithm’ and ‘time-series decomposition-recombination’ method will be used to supplement data to EnergyPlus. The feasibility results will be returned to stakeholders for iterative discussion, and the iterative results will be used to update digital references. Replication plans are developed based on such a cooperation process for strategies to implement PEDs. If a PED is demonstrated during the project period, the measured data will be used to verify the feasibility model to optimize previous results (WP7– R3 & R4). In the MAKING-CITY project, the overall PED design method is developed, which will be further optimised in this project. In addition, PED-ACT will use the methods and knowledge, including how to choose a suitable PED in a city, energy balance calculation, and technologies available for PED. The RUGGEDISED project outputs the governance model into the replication plan in PED-ACT. Its ‘smart city open-data decision platform’ will illustrate an excellent example for the database in PED-ACT. The IEA EBC Annex 83 and Cost Action 19126 create the basis for data collection, developing existing PED databases, characterization of PED, and review of regulations of PED, as well as development of simulation tools. The UBEM project further enables a detailed high-resolution energy balance calculation of PED.A suite of replicable modeling tools will enable stakeholders to analyze planning actions towards positive energy in a cost-effective fashion, aiding their evidence based decision-making process. The tools will be able to model the district’s energy production and demand, optimize for flexibility and simulate mobility and transport. By employing gamification and co-creation approaches, the project will enhance public awareness and engagement in energy efficiency. The project will culminate in the publication of practical guidelines, reusable models, algorithms, and training materials to aid other cities to replicate the digital twin for their districts, fostering widespread adoption of sustainable energy practices.Stakeholder engagement, expert energy system analysis, future scenarios
    A2P003: Application of ISO52000
    A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoYesNoNo
    A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
    A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesYesNo
    A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
    A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoYesNo
    A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
    A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.Mobility is not included in the calculations.The university operates a fleet of 13 electric vehicles (EV) (61kW power each). There are 5 EV charging stations on campus.Large combined industrial, residential, and commercial area with complex flows of in- and outgoing traffic.
    A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
    A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.33.8628000218
    A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
    A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.331.2261.25000148
    A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
    A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]
    A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
    A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
    A2P011: PVnoyesyesnononono
    A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]1.028
    A2P011: Windnonoyesnonoyesyes
    A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Hydrononononononono
    A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
    A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
    A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: PVT_elnononononoyesno
    A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P011: Othernonononononoyes
    A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
    A2P012: Geothermalyesnononononono
    A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnoyesnononono
    A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnoyesnonoyesno
    A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
    A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnoyesnononoyes
    A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]300
    A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
    A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: PVT_thyesnononononono
    A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonoyesnononono
    A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P012: Othernonononononono
    A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
    A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers3x225 kW wind turbines + 100 kW PVConventional power generation: The university’s heat supply is designed as a local centralized heat supply system. Electrical power, generated in combined heat and power (CHP) units, is delivered to the distribution network and sold to energy traders as regulated by local legislation and norms. There are two natural gas burners acting as heat sources (3MW and 6MW capacity), and two CHP units (1.6MW and 0.45MW thermal capacity). All heating is supplied from the CHP plants. Renewable Energy Sources (RES): a wind turbine (3.6 kW) and PV panels (11.7 kW) are connected to the faculty microgrid. In the future it is planned to power the campus entirely from local RES.Very little wind production currently exists in the area. The electricity production of the waste incineration plant will be included at a later date. Aalborg East is partly a remarkable area for hosting a Portland cement factory that accounts for a substantial share of Denmark’s total CO2 emissions. In turn, it also provides waste heat to the district heating grid for all of Aalborg city and some of the smaller towns that are connected to the same DH grid.
    A2P014: Annual energy use
    A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]5.0881.2620
    A2P015: Annual energy delivered
    A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]1.2399
    A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
    A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
    A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
    A2P017: Gasnoyesnononoyesno
    A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Coalnonononononono
    A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Oilnonononononono
    A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
    A2P017: Othernonononononoyes
    A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]300
    A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
    A2P018: PVnoyesnonononono
    A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]0.707
    A2P018: Windnonononononono
    A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Hydrononononononono
    A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononono
    A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
    A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
    A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P018: Othernonononononono
    A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
    A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
    A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Solar Thermalnonononononono
    A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononono
    A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonononononono
    A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
    A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
    A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
    A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P019: Othernonononononono
    A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
    A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
    A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary01.454031117397500000
    A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
    A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]
    A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
    A2P022: Safety & Security
    A2P022: Health
    A2P022: Education
    A2P022: MobilityMode of transport; Access to public transport
    A2P022: EnergyEnergy efficiency in buildings; Net energy need; Gross energy need; Total energy need
    A2P022: Water
    A2P022: Economic development
    A2P022: Housing and CommunityDelivery and proximity to amenities
    A2P022: Waste
    A2P022: OtherGHG emissions; Power/load; Life cycle cost (LCC); Demographic needs and consultation plan; Public Space
    A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
    A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesyesyesnononoyes
    A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnoyesyesnonoyes
    A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonoyesnononono
    A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesnonoyesnonono
    A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesnoyesyesnonoyes
    A2P023: Waste to energyyesnononononoyes
    A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
    A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
    A2P023: Heat Pumpyesyesyesyesnonoyes
    A2P023: Hydrogennonononononono
    A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononononono
    A2P023: Biomassnonoyesnononoyes
    A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
    A2P023: Other
    A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
    A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesnonononoyesno
    A2P024: Energy management systemyesnoyesnonoyesyes
    A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnonononoyesyes
    A2P024: Smart electricity gridnononononoyesyes
    A2P024: Thermal Storageyesnoyesnonoyesyes
    A2P024: Electric Storageyesnoyesnonoyesyes
    A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnoyesyesnoyesyes
    A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnonononoyesyes
    A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonononononono
    A2P024: Other
    A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
    A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnoyesnonononoyes
    A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnononononono
    A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesnoyesnononono
    A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesnononononono
    A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnonononoyesno
    A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnononononoyesno
    A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesnononoyesno
    A2P025: Smart irrigationnonononononono
    A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononono
    A2P025: Smart surveillancenonononononoyes
    A2P025: Other
    A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
    A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nonononononono
    A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)nonononononono
    A2P026: e-Mobilityyesnoyesnononono
    A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnonononononono
    A2P026: Car-free areanonononononono
    A2P026: Other
    A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
    A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
    A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
    A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesNoNoYes
    A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance Certificate
    A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
    A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesNoNoNo
    A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notes
    A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
    A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • New development strategies,
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Urban Renewal Strategies
    • Smart cities strategies
    • Smart cities strategies,
    • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC),
    • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    • Smart cities strategies,
    • Urban Renewal Strategies,
    • New development strategies,
    • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
    A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
    A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyKarşıyaka Municipality is the first local government in Turkey to sign the Covenant of Mayors in 2011. During this period, the greenhouse gas inventory of the district was carried out three times and reduction targets were set for 2020 and 2030. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan prepared as of the end of 2021, Karşıyaka Municipality has targeted a 40% reduction in its emissions for 2030 compared to the base year 2018. In the 2021 Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan, Karşıyaka Municipality aims to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 3.96 tCO2e / person in 2018 to 2.37 tCO2e / person in 2030. System solutions such as the use of renewable energy sources, air, ground or water source heat pump, cogeneration and microcogeneration are analysed by designers in order to fully or partially meet the energy requirements for heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water, electricity and lighting for all buildings with a floor area of less than 20,000 square metres. If at least 50% of the building's total energy consumption costs are covered by one or more of these applications, the points are taken in the assessment table in the Building and housing estate business certification guide of 2023.Reduction of 1018000 tons CO2 by 2030
    A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
    A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
    • Biogas
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps
    • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
    • Biogas
    A3P003: Other
    A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
    A3P004: Identification of needs and prioritiesAccording to the model developed for the district, the electrification of heating and cooling is necessary.Therefore, there needs to be the implementation of a heat pump. The building-integrated photovoltaic panelsshould follow. Through net-metering practices, the district is expected to reach energy positivity throughthis scenario.Decarbonize part of Aalborg city as a way of working incrementally towards being a zero-emission city.
    A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
    A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.- Stakeholder engagement; - Focus on implementing renewable energy production where possible; - Rretrofitting and energy optimization of existing buildings.
    A3P006: Economic strategies
    A3P006: Economic strategies
    • Innovative business models,
    • Blockchain
    • Open data business models,
    • Innovative business models,
    • Demand management Living Lab
    • Life Cycle Cost,
    • Circular economy models
    A3P006: Other
    A3P007: Social models
    A3P007: Social models
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Citizen Social Research,
    • Prevention of energy poverty,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Affordability
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Quality of Life
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
    • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
    • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
    • Policy Forums,
    • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
    A3P007: Other
    A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
    A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • District Energy plans,
    • City Vision 2050,
    • SECAP Updates
    • Digital twinning and visual 3D models,
    • District Energy plans,
    • SECAP Updates
    • Digital twinning and visual 3D models
    • Strategic urban planning,
    • District Energy plans
    A3P008: Other
    A3P009: Environmental strategies
    A3P009: Environmental strategies
    • Energy Neutral
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Low Emission Zone,
    • Pollutants Reduction
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Net zero carbon footprint
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Carbon-free
    • Energy Neutral
    • Energy Neutral
    • Energy Neutral,
    • Net zero carbon footprint
    A3P009: Other
    A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
    A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricityCurrent energy tariffs disincentivize both individual and collective PV systems – meaning energy communities are not economically feasible, housing associations and public buildings struggle with finding a secure RoI for solar panels, and citizens and local industry lack an incentive to install solar panels on their own
    B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
    B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionThe pilot area was selected on the basis of several criteria: its location within areas prioritised by Karşıyaka Municipality for combating climate change, compliance with the building regulations set out in the Green Building-Site-Operation (2023) guide, which are in line with Municipality's energy policy, the presence of open spaces that allow various applications for renewable energy, proximity to public facilities such as schools and municipal services, the availability of data on energy consumption (e.g. electricity and natural gas bills) and architectural features, the potential for community building, the suitability for solar energy systems, considering orientation and roof structure, and the potential for future building renovations. The aim of the initiative is to explore the feasibility of transforming the district into a Positive Energy District (PED).ExPEDite aims at creating and deploying a novel digital twin, allowing for real-time monitoring, visualization and management of district-level energy flows. Cities consume 65% of the world’s energy supply and are responsible for 70% of the CO² emissions, hence sharing a lot of the responsibility for climate change. We are faced with the challenge of redesigning our existing cities to make them more sustainable, resilient, inclusive and safe. Developing Positive Energy Districts (PEDs), is a breakthrough way to deal with the issue of urban emissions and applying adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change, while ensuring that these urban areas generate an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions. PEDs must address environmental, economic and social issues, providing solutions to energy consumption, production, emissions, transport & mobility and livability. By constantly monitoring and evaluating parameters through existing and/or novel sensor systems (e.g., renewable energy production/supply, transport conditions, air quality, energy demand, meteorological conditions, etc.), unconventional techniques may be applied to provide more sustainable options for the district’s needs.The large scale provides interesting opportunities for both urban development and strategic energy planning; the diverse mix of buildings and functions also allow for interesting discussions regarding PEDs. Another interesting facet is that the district heating grid is almost fully supplied by waste heat.
    B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
    B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project developmentExpected outcome 1 Increased number of (tangible) city planning actions for positive clean energy districts using the (proto-)PED design, development and management digital twin tools (based on pre-market research learnings) using open-standards based components which can be reused elsewhere. 2 Increased integration of existing smaller scale management systems (e.g. Building management systems) with open-standards based operational city platforms using sectorial data (e.g. building data, mobility, urban planning, etc.). 3 Enhanced data gathering approaches with identification of relevant multidimensional data sets (e.g. meteorological, load profile, social, geo-spatial, etc.) high-resolution real-time data streams (e.g. renewable energy production, energy consumption), and relevant forecasting data, drawing also on the work of common European data spaces. 4 Increased number of city planning departments / approaches using common data and (replicable) elements and processes. 5 Consolidated city sensor network specifications, complemented by appropriate data gathering approaches for soft data. 6 Improved performance of AI based self-learning systems for optimization of positive clean energy districts and bottom-up complex models. 7 Enhanced innovation capacity of local/regional administrations and accelerated uptake of shared, smart and sustainable zero emission solutions.The area has an interesting history of development and has recently undergone several urban improvements. This is coupled with a strong local network of business owners and other stakeholders, all with an interest in developing the area in the best way possible. This made for an interesting case from a planning perspective to investigate how this network would pick up on the concept of PED and whether they could see any potential utility in relation to their everyday experiences.
    B1P003: Environment of the case study area
    B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaRuralSuburban areaUrban areaUrban areaSuburban area
    B1P004: Type of district
    B2P004: Type of district
    • Renovation
    • New construction
    • New construction,
    • Renovation
    • New construction,
    • Renovation
    • Renovation
    B1P005: Case Study Context
    B1P005: Case Study Context
    • Retrofitting Area
    • New Development
    • New Development,
    • Retrofitting Area
    • Re-use / Transformation Area,
    • New Development,
    • Retrofitting Area
    • Retrofitting Area
    B1P006: Year of construction
    B1P006: Year of construction2005
    B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
    B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential16.931
    B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
    B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
    B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
    B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
    B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
    B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
    B1P011: Population density before intervention
    B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
    B1P012: Population density after intervention
    B1P012: Population density after intervention0000000
    B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
    B1P013: Residentialnoyesnoyesnonono
    B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]10279525,000
    B1P013: Officenononoyesnonono
    B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]10,000
    B1P013: Industry and Utilitynononoyesnonono
    B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Commercialnonononononono
    B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
    B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Natural areasnonoyesnononono
    B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
    B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Dismissed areasnonononononono
    B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P013: Othernonononononono
    B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
    B1P014: Residentialnoyesyesyesnonono
    B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]10279525.000
    B1P014: Officenonoyesyesnonono
    B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]10.000
    B1P014: Industry and Utilitynononoyesnonono
    B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Commercialnonononononono
    B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Institutionalnonononononono
    B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Natural areasnonoyesnononono
    B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Recreationalnonononononono
    B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
    B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B1P014: Othernonononoyesnono
    B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
    B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
    B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.An ongoing process and dialogue with local stakeholders to determine the future development of the area.
    B2P002: Installation life time
    B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.No new installation will be made throughout the project. Rather the project will attempt to establish a local PED network with the aim of empowering the stakeholders to better engage with sustainable technologies.
    B2P003: Scale of action
    B2P003: ScaleDistrictDistrictCampusDistrict
    B2P004: Operator of the installation
    B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.Kristian Olesen
    B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
    B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materialsReplication is primarily focused on the establishment of a local network with an interest in and understanding of PED.
    B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
    B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?NoNo
    B2P006: Other
    B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
    B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
    • Civic
    • Civic
    B2P007: Other
    B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
    B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipalityResearch center/University
    B2P008: Other
    B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
    B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
    • Academia,
    • Private,
    • Industrial,
    • Other
    • Academia,
    • Private
    B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
    B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
    B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
    B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
    B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
    • Buildings,
    • Demand-side management,
    • Energy storage,
    • Energy networks,
    • Waste management,
    • Lighting,
    • E-mobility,
    • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
    • Social interactions,
    • Business models
    B2P011: Other
    B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
    B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
    • Tools for prototyping and modelling
    B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
    B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
    B2P014: Monitoring measures
    B2P014: Monitoring measures
    • Execution plan,
    • Available data,
    • Type of measured data,
    • Equipment,
    • Level of access
    B2P015: Key Performance indicators
    B2P015: Key Performance indicators
    • Energy,
    • Social,
    • Economical / Financial
    B2P016: Execution of operations
    B2P016: Execution of operations
    B2P017: Capacities
    B2P017: Capacities
    B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
    B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
    B2P019: Available tools
    B2P019: Available tools
    • Energy modelling,
    • Social models,
    • Business and financial models
    B2P019: Available tools
    B2P020: External accessibility
    B2P020: External accessibility
    C1P001: Unlocking Factors
    C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
    C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
    C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
    C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
    C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
    C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
    C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
    C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
    C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
    C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
    C1P002: Driving Factors
    C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
    C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
    C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
    C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
    C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
    C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
    C1P003: Administrative barriers
    C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
    C1P004: Policy barriers
    C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
    C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
    C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
    C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
    C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
    C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
    C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
    C1P006: Environmental barriers
    C1P006: Environmental barriers- Climate Variability: 5 - Topographical Constraints: 4 - Sunlight Availability: 5 - Environmental Regulations: 3 - Zoning Restrictions: 2 - Air and Water Pollution: 2 - Natural Disasters: 1 - Water Scarcity: 1
    C1P007: Technical barriers
    C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
    C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
    C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important
    C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
    C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
    C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
    C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
    C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
    C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
    C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
    C1P010: Financial barriers
    C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
    C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
    C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
    C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important4 - Important
    C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
    C1P011: Market barriers
    C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
    C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
    C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
    C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
    C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
    C1P012: Stakeholders involved
    C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • Planning/leading
    C1P012: Research & Innovation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Financial/Funding
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Business process management
    • Planning/leading
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Urban Services providers
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Planning/leading,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    C1P012: Real Estate developers
    • Construction/implementation
    • Construction/implementation
    C1P012: Design/Construction companies
    • Construction/implementation
    • Construction/implementation
    C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
    • None
    • Design/demand aggregation
    C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation
    • Design/demand aggregation
    C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
    • Planning/leading,
    • Design/demand aggregation,
    • Construction/implementation,
    • Monitoring/operation/management
    • Construction/implementation
    C1P012: Other
    C1P012: Other (if any)
    Summary

    Authors (framework concept)

    Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

    Contributors (to the content)

    Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

    Implemented by

    Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
    Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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    COST

    COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

    PED-EU-NET

    The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

    Action Details

    Grant Holder
    Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

    Start of Action: 10 September 2020
    End of Action: 09 September 2024
    CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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