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NameProjectTypeCompare
Kriegerheimstätten PED StepWise PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vienna/16. District HeatCOOP PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Laxenburgerstraße AH HeatCOOP PED Lab Compare
Tartu, Estonia V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Utrecht, the Netherlands (District of Kanaleneiland) V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aveiro, Portugal V2G-QUESTS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Jacobs Borchs Gate, Drammen PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Dietenbach, Freiburg im Breisgau PED Relevant Case Study Compare
SmartEnCity, Lecce SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study Compare
STARDUST, Trento STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Uncompare
Klimatkontrakt Hyllie, Malmö PED Relevant Case Study Compare
EnStadt:Pfaff, Kaiserslautern PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
mySMARTlife, Helsinki PED Relevant Case Study Compare
REPLICATE (pilot action in the Novoli-Cascine district on “le PIagge” buildings), Firenze PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sinfonia, Bolzano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hunziker Areal, Zürich PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Hammarby Sjöstad 2.0, PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Sharing Cities, Milano PED Relevant Case Study Compare
District Heating Pozo Barredo, Mieres PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Cityfied (demo Linero), Lund PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Smart Otaniemi, Espoo PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zukunftsquartier, Vienna PED Case Study Compare
Santa Chiara Open Lab, Trento PED Case Study Compare
Barrio La Pinada, Paterna PED Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Zero Village Bergen (ZVB) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Võru +CityxChange PED Case Study Compare
NTNU Campus within the Knowledge Axis, Trondheim ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Furuset project, Oslo ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Laser Valley – Land of Lights PED Case Study Compare
Ydalir project ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
NyBy – Ny Flyplass (New City – New Airport) ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fornebu, Bærum ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Case Study Compare
Fleuraye west, Carquefou PED Case Study Compare
Smart Energy Åland PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED ASCEND – Accelerate poSitive Clean ENergy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Romania, Alba Iulia PED InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Munich, Harthof district PED Case Study Compare
Lublin MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Roubaix, MustBe0 – Résidence Philippe le Hardi – 125 Rue d’Oran CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Bærum, Eiksveien 116 CULTURAL-E – Climate and cultural-based solutions for Plus Energy Buildings PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Findhorn, the Park InterPED – INTERoperable cloud-based solution for cross-vector planning and management of Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study Compare
Amsterdam, Buiksloterham PED ATELIER – AmsTErdam BiLbao cItizen drivEn smaRt cities PED Case Study Compare
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Uncompare
Umeå, Ålidhem district PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Aalborg East PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Ankara, Çamlık District PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Trenčín MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Luxembourg, Betzdorf LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Vantaa, Aviapolis NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Vidin, Himik and Bononia MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Uncompare
Oslo, Verksbyen Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Uden, Loopkantstraat Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Zaragoza, Actur NEUTRALPATH – Pathway towards Climate-Neutrality through low risky and fully replicable Positive Clean Energy Districts PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Aarhus, Brabrand BIPED – Building Intelligent Positive Energy Districts PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Riga, Ķīpsala, RTU smart student city ExPEDite – Enabling Positive Energy Districts through Digital Twins PED Case Study Compare
Izmir, District of Karşıyaka PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Ozyegin University Campus LEGOFIT – Adaptable technological solutions based on early design actions for the construction and renovation of Energy Positive Homes PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Espoo, Kera SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study / PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Borlänge, Rymdgatan’s Residential Portfolio PED-ACT – Auto characterization of PEDs for digital references towards iterative process optimisation PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Freiburg, Waldsee PED urban – Development of methods and tools for accounting, planning and operation of climate-neutral district PED Case Study Compare
Innsbruck, Campagne-Areal PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Graz, Reininghausgründe PED Case Study Compare
Stor-Elvdal, Campus Evenstad ZEN – Research Centre on Zero Emission Neighbourhoods in Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Oulu, Kaukovainio MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Halmstad, Fyllinge PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Lund, Brunnshög district PED Case Study Compare
Vienna, Am Kempelenpark PED Case Study Compare
Évora, Portugal POCITYF – A POsitive Energy CITY Transformation Framework PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Kladno, Sletiště (Sport Area), PED Winter Stadium SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Groningen, PED South MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab Compare
Groningen, PED North MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Lab
Maia, Sobreiro Social Housing SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Lab Compare
Lubia (Soria), CEDER-CIEMAT PED Lab Compare
Tampere, Ilokkaanpuisto district STARDUST – Holistic and Integrated Urban Model for Smart Cities PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Leon, Former Sugar Factory district MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Istanbul, Kadikoy district, Caferaga MAKING-CITY – Energy efficient pathway for the city transformation: enabling a positive future PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Leppävaara district, Sello center SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Compare
Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Salzburg, Gneis district Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet Syn.ikia – Sustainable Plus Energy Neighbourhoods PED Case Study Compare
Tartu, City centre area SmartEnCity – Towards Smart Zero CO2 Cities across Europe PED Relevant Case Study / PED Lab Compare
Bologna, Pilastro-Roveri district GRETA – GReen Energy Transition Actions PED Relevant Case Study Compare
Barcelona, SEILAB & Energy SmartLab PED Lab Compare
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Case Study Uncompare
Kifissia, Energy community SPARCS – Sustainable energy Positive & zero cARbon CommunitieS PED Relevant Case Study Compare
TitleGroningen, PED North
City of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva block
«×»
STARDUST, Trento
«×»
Leipzig, Baumwollspinnerei district
«×»
Győr Geothermal District Heating Project
«×»
Vidin, Himik and Bononia
«×»
Schönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau
«×»
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED LabGroningen, PED NorthCity of Espoo, Espoonlahti district, Lippulaiva blockSTARDUST, TrentoLeipzig, Baumwollspinnerei districtGyőr Geothermal District Heating ProjectVidin, Himik and BononiaSchönbühel-Aggsbach, Schönbühel an der Donau
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site
PED case studynoyesnoyesnoyesno
PED relevant case studynonoyesnoyesnoyes
PED Lab.yesnoyesnononono
A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab
Climate neutralityyesnoyesyesyesyesyes
Annual energy surplusyesnonononoyesno
Energy communityyesnononononoyes
Circularityyesnononononono
Air quality and urban comfortnononoyesnonono
Electrificationnononoyesnonono
Net-zero energy costnonononononoyes
Net-zero emissionyesnononononono
Self-sufficiency (energy autonomous)nonononononono
Maximise self-sufficiencynoyesnonononoyes
Othernonoyesyesyesnono
Other (A1P004)Energy neutral; Energy efficient; Sustainable neighbourhoodNet-zero emission; Annual energy surplusEnergy efficient; Carbon-free
A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED LabImplementation PhaseIn operationCompletedImplementation PhaseCompletedPlanning PhaseImplementation Phase
A1P006: Start Date
A1P006: Start date12/1806/1810/1712/1312/18
A1P007: End Date
A1P007: End date12/2303/2203/2410/1812/30
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P008: Reference Project
A1P009: Data availability
A1P009: Data availability
  • Monitoring data available within the districts,
  • Open data city platform – different dashboards,
  • GIS open datasets
  • General statistical datasets
  • Monitoring data available within the districts
A1P009: Other
A1P010: Sources
Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
  • TNO, Hanze, RUG,
  • Ped noord book
  • M. Hukkalainen, F. Zarrin, K. Klobut, O. Lindholm, M. Ranta, P. Hajduk, T. Vainio-Kaila, E. Wanne, J. Tartia, H. Horn, K. Kontu, J. Juhmen, S. Santala, R. Turtiainen, J. Töyräs, T. Koljonen. (2020). Deliverable D3.1 Detailed plan of the Espoo smart city lighthouse demonstrations. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2020-09/SPARCS_D3.1_Detailed_plan_Espoo.pdf,
  • Hukkalainen, Zarrin Fatima, Krzysztof Klobut, Kalevi Piira, Mikaela Ranta, Petr Hajduk, Tiina Vainio-Kaila , Elina Wanne, Jani Tartia, Angela Bartel, Joni Mäkinen, Mia Kaurila, Kaisa Kontu, Jaano Juhmen, Merja Ryöppy, Reetta Turtiainen, Joona Töyräs, Timo Koljonen (2021) Deliverable 3.2 Midterm report on the implemented demonstrations of solutions for energy positive blocks in Espoo. Available online: https://www.sparcs.info/sites/default/files/2022-02/SPARCS_D3.2.pdf,
  • www.lippulaiva.fi
        A1P011: Geographic coordinates
        X Coordinate (longitude):6.53512124.654311.13414812.31845817.86812422.882615.3969
        Y Coordinate (latitude):53.23484660.149146.04116051.32649247.65145243.993648.2752
        A1P012: Country
        A1P012: CountryNetherlandsFinlandItalyGermanyHungaryBulgariaAustria
        A1P013: City
        A1P013: CityGroningenEspooTrentoLeipzigGyőrVidinSchönbühel an der Donau
        A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification)
        A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).CfaDfbCfbDfbCfbCfaDfb
        A1P015: District boundary
        A1P015: District boundaryFunctionalGeographicFunctionalGeographicGeographic
        OtherGeographic
        A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab
        A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:MixedPrivateMixedMixedMixedPrivate
        A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure
        A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:Multiple OwnersSingle OwnerMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple OwnersMultiple Owners
        A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
        A1P018: Number of buildings in PED792740
        A1P019: Conditioned space
        A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]1.011120001700098759.53477
        A1P020: Total ground area
        A1P020: Total ground area [m²]17.13216500030000195234.802450
        A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
        A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area0101010
        A1P022: Financial schemes
        A1P022a: Financing - PRIVATE - Real estateyesyesnonononoyes
        A1P022a: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022b: Financing - PRIVATE - ESCO schemenonononononono
        A1P022b: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022c: Financing - PRIVATE - Otheryesnononononono
        A1P022c: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022d: Financing - PUBLIC - EU structural fundingnonoyesnoyesnono
        A1P022d: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022e: Financing - PUBLIC - National fundingyesnonononoyesyes
        A1P022e: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022f: Financing - PUBLIC - Regional fundingnonononononoyes
        A1P022f: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022g: Financing - PUBLIC - Municipal fundingyesnononononono
        A1P022g: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022h: Financing - PUBLIC - Othernonononononono
        A1P022h: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022i: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - EUyesyesnonononono
        A1P022i: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]308875
        A1P022j: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Nationalnonononononono
        A1P022j: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022k: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Local/regionalnonononononono
        A1P022k: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022l: Financing - RESEARCH FUNDING - Othernonoyesnononono
        A1P022l: Add the value in EUR if available [EUR]
        A1P022: OtherGreen financing
        A1P023: Economic Targets
        A1P023: Economic Targets
        • Boosting local businesses,
        • Boosting local and sustainable production
        • Job creation,
        • Positive externalities,
        • Boosting local businesses
        A1P023: OtherSustainable and replicable business models regarding renewable energy systems
        A1P024: More comments:
        A1P024: More comments:The Espoonlahti district is located on the south-western coast of Espoo. With 56,000 inhabitants, it is the second largest of the Espoo city centres. The number of inhabitants is estimated to grow to 70,000 within the next 10 years. Espoonlahti will be a future transit hub of the south-western Espoo, along the metro line, and the increasing stream of passengers provides a huge potential for retail, business and residential developments. E-mobility solutions and last-mile services have strong potential in the area when subway extension is finished and running. The extensive (re)development of the Lippulaiva blocks make a benchmark catering to the everyday needs of residents. The completely new shopping centre is a state-of-the-art cross point with 20,000 daily customers and 10,000 daily commuters (3.5 million/year). The new underground metro line and station, and feeder line bus terminal, are fully integrated. Residential housing of approximately 550 new apartments will be built on top. Lippulaiva is a large traffic hub, directly connected to public transport and right next to the Länsiväylä highway and extensive cycle paths. Lippulaiva offers diverse, mixed-use services, such as a shopping mall, public services, a day care centre, residential apartment buildings, and underground parking facilities. Lippulaiva received the LEED Gold environmental certificate and Smart Building Gold certificate. • Flagship of sustainability • Cooling and heating demand from geothermal energy system (on-site) with energy storage system, 4 MW • PV panels: roof and façade, 630 kWp • Smart control strategies for electricity and thermal energy, smart microgrid-system and battery storage • Charging capacity for 134 EVs
        A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs
        A1P025: Estimated PED case study / PED LAB costs [mil. EUR]
        Contact person for general enquiries
        A1P026: NameJasper Tonen, Elisabeth KoopsElina EkelundChristoph GollnerSimon BaumChristoph GollnerDaniela KostovaGhazal Etminan
        A1P027: OrganizationMunicipality of GroningenCitycon OyjFFGCENERO Energy GmbHFFGGreen Synergy ClusterGhazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at
        A1P028: AffiliationMunicipality / Public BodiesSME / IndustryOtherOtherOtherOtherResearch Center / University
        A1P028: OtherCENERO Energy GmbHCluster
        A1P029: EmailJasper.tonen@groningen.nlElina.ekelund@citycon.comchristoph.gollner@ffg.atsib@cenero.dechristoph.gollner@ffg.atdaniela@greensynergycluster.euGhazal.Etminan@ait.ac.at
        Contact person for other special topics
        A1P030: NameElina EkelundSimon Baum
        A1P031: EmailElina.ekelund@citycon.comsib@cenero.de
        Pursuant to the General Data Protection RegulationYesYesYesYesYesYes
        A2P001: Fields of application
        A2P001: Fields of application
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility,
        • Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.),
        • Waste management
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility,
        • Digital technologies
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy production,
        • Digital technologies
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy production
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy production
        • Energy efficiency,
        • Energy flexibility,
        • Energy production,
        • E-mobility
        A2P001: Other
        A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
        A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fieldsEnergy efficiency: - buildings energy retrofit supported by tax bonuses - replacing heat supply technologies Energy production: - installation of new (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; - presence of a large PV plant in the South East (2 solar parks: 12MW and 107MW) and North area (0,4 MW) Energy flexibility: - energy storage solutions, battery storage and possible hydrogen production - GRID balancing services E-mobility - Installation of new charging stations for electric vehicles; Urban Management - make use of the organizational structure Waste Management - circular use of municipal waste streamsEnergy efficiency: - eliminating waste energy utilizing smart energy system - utilizing excess heat from grocery stores Energy flexibility: - A battery energy storage system (1,5 MW/1,5MWh); Active participation in Nordpool electricity market (FCR-N) Energy production: - heating and cooling from geothermal heat pump system; 171 energy wells (over 51 km); heat capacity 4 MW - installation of new photovoltaic (PV) systems for renewable on-site energy production; Estimation of annual production is about 540 MWh (630 kWp) E-mobility - Installation of charging stations for electric vehicles (for 134 EVs) - e-bike services (warm storage room, charging cabinets for e-bikes) Digital technologies: - Building Analytics system by Schneider ElectricEnergy modeling
        A2P003: Application of ISO52000
        A2P003: Application of ISO52000NoYesNoNo
        A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
        A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoYesNoYes
        A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
        A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balanceNoNoYesNo
        A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
        A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculationMobility, till now, is not included in the energy model.Mobility is not included in the energy model.
        A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand
        A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]2.35.51.650.066
        A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand
        A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]0.335.80.012
        A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility
        A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]0
        A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure
        A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year
        A2P011: PVnoyesnoyesnonoyes
        A2P011: PV - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.54
        A2P011: Windnonononononono
        A2P011: Wind - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Hydrononononononono
        A2P011: Hydro - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Biomass_elnonononononono
        A2P011: Biomass_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
        A2P011: Biomass_peat_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: PVT_elnonononononono
        A2P011: PVT_el - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P011: Othernonononononono
        A2P011: Other - specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year
        A2P012: Geothermalyesyesnonononono
        A2P012 - Geothermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]5
        A2P012: Solar Thermalyesnononononono
        A2P012 - Solar Thermal: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Biomass_heatyesnononononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]0.1
        A2P012: Waste heat+HPyesnononononono
        A2P012 - Waste heat+HP: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: PVT_thyesnononononono
        A2P012 - PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononono
        A2P012 - Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P012: Othernonononononono
        A2P012 - Other: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notes
        A2P013: Renewable resources on-site - Additional notesGeothermal heatpump systems, Waste heat from data centers
        A2P014: Annual energy use
        A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]11.32.4210.079
        A2P015: Annual energy delivered
        A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]5.760.0011
        A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year
        A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
        A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year
        A2P017: Gasnonononononono
        A2P017 - Gas: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
        A2P017: Coalnonononononono
        A2P017 - Coal: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
        A2P017: Oilnonononononono
        A2P017 - Oil: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]0
        A2P017: Othernonononononono
        A2P017 - Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year
        A2P018: PVnonononononoyes
        A2P018 - PV: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Windnonononononoyes
        A2P018 - Wind: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Hydrononononononoyes
        A2P018 - Hydro: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Biomass_elnonononononoyes
        A2P018 - Biomass_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Biomass_peat_elnonononononono
        A2P018 - Biomass_peat_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: PVT_elnonononononono
        A2P018 - PVT_el: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
        A2P018: Othernoyesnonononono
        A2P018 - Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]5.26
        A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year
        A2P019: Geothermalnonononononono
        A2P019 Geothermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Solar Thermalnonononononono
        A2P019 Solar Thermal: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_heatnonononononono
        A2P019 Biomass_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Waste heat+HPnonononononono
        A2P019 Waste heat+HP: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_peat_heatnonononononono
        A2P019 Biomass_peat_heat: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: PVT_thnonononononono
        A2P019 PVT_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Biomass_firewood_thnonononononoyes
        A2P019 Biomass_firewood_th: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P019: Othernonononononono
        A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
        A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
        A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary01.053231939163500000
        A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED
        A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]04
        A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab
        A2P022: Safety & Security
        A2P022: Health
        A2P022: Education
        A2P022: Mobility
        A2P022: EnergyOn-site energy ratioapply
        A2P022: Water
        A2P022: Economic development
        A2P022: Housing and CommunitySpecify the associated KPIs
        A2P022: Waste
        A2P022: Other
        A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Generation
        A2P023: Photovoltaicsyesyesyesnonoyesyes
        A2P023: Solar thermal collectorsyesnoyesyesyesnono
        A2P023: Wind Turbinesnonononononono
        A2P023: Geothermal energy systemyesyesyesnoyesyesno
        A2P023: Waste heat recoveryyesyesyesnononono
        A2P023: Waste to energyyesnononononono
        A2P023: Polygenerationnonononononono
        A2P023: Co-generationnonononononono
        A2P023: Heat Pumpyesnoyesyesnoyesyes
        A2P023: Hydrogennonononononono
        A2P023: Hydropower plantnonononononono
        A2P023: Biomassnonononononono
        A2P023: Biogasnonononononono
        A2P023: Other
        A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Flexibility
        A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)yesyesyesnononono
        A2P024: Energy management systemyesyesnonononoyes
        A2P024: Demand-side managementyesnononononono
        A2P024: Smart electricity gridnoyesyesnononono
        A2P024: Thermal Storageyesyesnonononono
        A2P024: Electric Storageyesyesnononoyesno
        A2P024: District Heating and Coolingyesnoyesnoyesnono
        A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systemsyesnoyesnononono
        A2P024: P2P – buildingsnonononononoyes
        A2P024: Other
        A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Energy Efficiency
        A2P025: Deep Retrofittingnononononoyesyes
        A2P025: Energy efficiency measures in historic buildingsyesnononononoyes
        A2P025: High-performance new buildingsyesyesnonononono
        A2P025: Smart Public infrastructure (e.g. smart lighting)yesyesyesnononono
        A2P025: Urban data platformsyesnononononono
        A2P025: Mobile applications for citizensnonononononono
        A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)noyesnonononono
        A2P025: Smart irrigationnonononononono
        A2P025: Digital tracking for waste disposalnonononononono
        A2P025: Smart surveillancenononoyesnonono
        A2P025: Other
        A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations - Mobility
        A2P026: Efficiency of vehicles (public and/or private)nonoyesnononono
        A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)noyesnoyesnonono
        A2P026: e-Mobilityyesyesyesyesnonono
        A2P026: Soft mobility infrastructures and last mile solutionsnonononononono
        A2P026: Car-free areanonononononono
        A2P026: OtherLocal transportation hub with direct connection to metro & bus terminal; parking spaces for 1,400 bicycles and for 1,300 cars Promoting e-Mobility: 134 charging stations, A technical reservation for expanding EV charging system 1400 bicycle racks and charging cabinets for 10 e-bicycle batteries
        A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notes
        A2P027: Mobility strategies - Additional notesTest-Concept for bidirectional charging.
        A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
        A2P028: Energy efficiency certificatesYesYesYes
        A2P028: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesEnergy Performance CertificateEnergy Performance Certificate => Energy efficiency class B (2018 version)
        A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
        A2P029: Any other building / district certificatesYesNo
        A2P029: If yes, please specify and/or enter notesLEED (Core & Shell, v4) GOLD certification, Smart Building certification (GOLD)
        A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
        A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • New development strategies,
        • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • New development strategies,
        • Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract),
        • National / international city networks addressing sustainable urban development and climate neutrality
        • Smart cities strategies,
        • Urban Renewal Strategies,
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.)
        • Energy master planning (SECAP, etc.),
        • New development strategies
        • Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
        A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
        A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategyRelevant city strategies behind PED development in Espoo include the following: - The Espoo Story: Sustainability is heavily included within the values and goals of the current Espoo city strategy, also known as the Espoo Story, running from 2021 to 2025. For example, the strategy names being a responsible pioneer as one of the main values of the city and has chosen achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 as one of the main goals of the current council term. In addition to the Espoo story, four cross-administrative development programmes act as cooperation platforms that allow the city, together with its partners, to develop innovative solutions through experiments and pilot projects in line with the Espoo Story. The Sustainable Espoo development programme is one of the four programmes, thus putting sustainability on the forefront in city development work. - EU Mission: 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030: Cities selected for the Mission commit to achieving carbon-neutrality in 2030. A key tool in the Mission is the Climate City Contract. Each selected city will prepare and implement its contracts in collaboration with local businesses as well as other stakeholders and residents. - Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Espoo is committed to the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, under which the signatories commit to supporting the European Union’s 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction goal by 2030. The Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) is a key instrument for implementing the agreement. The Action Plan outlines the key measures the city will take to achieve its carbon neutrality goal. The plan also includes a mapping of climate change risks and vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, emission calculations, emission reduction scenarios and impact estimations of measures. The SECAP of the City of Espoo is available here (only available in Finnish). - UN Sustainable development Goals: The city of Espoo has committed to becoming a forerunner and achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2025. The goal is to make Espoo financially, ecologically, socially, and culturally sustainable. - The Circular Cities Declaration: At the end of 2020, Espoo signed the Europe-wide circular economy commitment Circular Cities Declaration. The ten goals of the declaration promote the implementation of the city’s circular economy. - Espoo Clean Heat: Fortum and the City of Espoo are committed to producing carbon-neutral district heating in the network operating in the areas of Espoo, Kauniainen and Kirkkonummi during the 2020s. The district heating network provides heating to some 250,000 end-users in homes and offices. Coal will be completely abandoned in the production of district heating by 2025. The main targets related to PED development included in the noted city strategies are the following: - Espoo will achieve carbon neutrality by 2030. To be precise, this carbon neutrality goal is defined as an 80% emission reduction from the 1990 level by the year 2030. The remaining 20% share can be absorbed in carbon sinks or compensated by other means. - District heating in Espoo will be carbon-neutral by 2029, and coal-based production will be phased out from district heating by 2025. - Espoo aims to end the use of fossil fuels in the heating of city-owned buildings by 2025. - Quantitative goals within the Espoo SECAP report: - Espoo aims to reduce total energy consumption within the municipal sector by 7.5% by the end of 2025 in comparison to the 2015 level. The social housing company Espoon Asunnot OY aims to meet the same target. - Espoo aims to cover 10% of the energy consumption of new buildings via on-site production. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of cycling to 15% by 2024. - Espoo aims to raise the modal split of public transport by 1.1% yearly. - Espoo aims to reduce the emissions of bus transport by 90% by the end of 2025, when compared to 2010 levels.
        A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
        A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
        • Electrification of Heating System based on Heat Pumps,
        • Electrification of Cooking Methods,
        • Biogas
        • Biogas
        A3P003: Other
        A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
        A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities- Citycon (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) aims to be carbon neutral in its energy use by 2030 - Lippulaiva is a unique urban centre with state-of-the-art energy concept. The centre has a smart managing system, which allows for example the temporary reduction of power used in air conditioning and charging stations when energy consumption is at its peak. In addition, a backup generator and a large electric battery will balance the operation of the electricity network. - Lippulaiva is also an important mobility hub for the people of Espoo. Espoonlahti metro station is located under the centre, and the West Metro started to operate to Espoonlahti in December 2022. Lippulaiva also has a bus terminal, which serves the metro’s feeder traffic in the Espoonlahti major district.
        A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
        A3P005: Sustainable behaviourIn Groningen we are working with different sustainable behaviours approaches and also developed the Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA). Currently, there are two different approaches in use in the municipality of Groningen: the District energy approach (Wijkgerichte aanpak, developed by the Municipality of Groningen) and the Cooperative approach (Coöperative Aanpak, developed by Grunneger Power). Based upon those approaches and knowledge that is gained through social research executed by TNO and HUAS the new Unified Citizen Engagement Approach (UCEA) has been developed.For Citycon, it was important to engage local people within the Lippulaiva project. During the construction period as well as after opening of the shopping center, citizens have been engaged in multiple ways, such as informing local citizens of the progress of construction, engaging young people in the design processes of the shopping centre and long-term commitment of youngsters with Lippulaiva Buddy class initiative. Users’ engagement activities are conducted in close co-operation with SPARCS partners.
        A3P006: Economic strategies
        A3P006: Economic strategies
        • Innovative business models,
        • Blockchain
        • Innovative business models
        • Innovative business models
        • Innovative business models,
        • Other
        • Local trading,
        • Existing incentives
        A3P006: Otheroperational savings through efficiency measures
        A3P007: Social models
        A3P007: Social models
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Citizen Social Research,
        • Prevention of energy poverty,
        • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
        • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
        • Quality of Life,
        • Prevention of energy poverty
        • Strategies towards (local) community-building,
        • Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies,
        • Behavioural Change / End-users engagement,
        • Quality of Life,
        • Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance,
        • Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
        A3P007: Other
        A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
        A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • District Energy plans,
        • City Vision 2050,
        • SECAP Updates
        • Building / district Certification
        • Strategic urban planning,
        • City Vision 2050,
        • SECAP Updates
        A3P008: Other
        A3P009: Environmental strategies
        A3P009: Environmental strategies
        • Energy Neutral
        • Other
        • Energy Neutral
        • Other
        • Energy Neutral,
        • Carbon-free
        • Pollutants Reduction,
        • Greening strategies
        • Low Emission Zone,
        • Net zero carbon footprint,
        • Carbon-free
        A3P009: OtherCarbon free in terms of energyPositive Energy Balance for the demo site
        A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
        A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspectsAt national/regional/local level a legislation on PEDs development is not yet available in the Netherlands. There will be a new Environmental Act and Heat Act in the nearby future. We are working on a paper about the current legal barriers, which are in short for Groningen:  Lack of legal certainty and clarity with regard to the energy legislation.  Lack of coherence between policy and legislation from different ministries.  The planned revision of the Dutch Heat Law prevents Groningen from effectively realizing sustainable heat transition plans and goals.  Lack of capacity on the distribution grid for electricity- Energy efficiency regulations (Directive 2006/32/EC and 2009/72/EC) - EU directive 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings => all new buildings should be “nearly zero-energy buildings” (nZEB) from 2021
        B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
        B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definitionLippulaiva is a project with high level goal in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production.
        B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
        B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development- Citycon’s (developer and owner of Lippulaiva) target is to be carbon neutral by 2030 - Increasing sustainability requirements from the financing, tenants, cities, other stakeholders
        B1P003: Environment of the case study area
        B2P003: Environment of the case study areaUrban areaSuburban areaUrban areaUrban areaRurban
        B1P004: Type of district
        B2P004: Type of district
        • New construction
        • Renovation
        • New construction
        • Renovation
        • Renovation
        B1P005: Case Study Context
        B1P005: Case Study Context
        • Re-use / Transformation Area,
        • New Development
        • Retrofitting Area
        • Preservation Area
        • New Development
        • Retrofitting Area
        • Retrofitting Area,
        • Preservation Area
        B1P006: Year of construction
        B1P006: Year of construction2022
        B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
        B1P007: District population before intervention - Residential
        B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
        B1P008: District population after intervention - Residential
        B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
        B1P009: District population before intervention - Non-residential
        B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
        B1P010: District population after intervention - Non-residential
        B1P011: Population density before intervention
        B1P011: Population density before intervention0000000
        B1P012: Population density after intervention
        B1P012: Population density after intervention0000000
        B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention
        B1P013: Residentialnonoyesnonoyesyes
        B1P013 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]64 787,57
        B1P013: Officenonononononoyes
        B1P013 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Industry and Utilitynonoyesnononono
        B1P013 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Commercialnoyesnononoyesno
        B1P013 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]262,33
        B1P013: Institutionalnonononononono
        B1P013 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Natural areasnoyesnonononono
        B1P013 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Recreationalnonononononono
        B1P013 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Dismissed areasnonononononono
        B1P013 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P013: Othernonononononono
        B1P013 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention
        B1P014: Residentialnoyesyesnononoyes
        B1P014 - Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Officenonononononoyes
        B1P014 - Office: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Industry and Utilitynonoyesnononono
        B1P014 - Industry and Utility: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Commercialnoyesnonononono
        B1P014 - Commercial: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Institutionalnononononoyesno
        B1P014 - Institutional: Specify the sqm [m²]35322.21
        B1P014: Natural areasnonononononono
        B1P014 - Natural areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Recreationalnonononononono
        B1P014 - Recreational: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Dismissed areasnonononononono
        B1P014 - Dismissed areas: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B1P014: Othernonononononono
        B1P014 - Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
        B2P001: PED Lab concept definition
        B2P001: PED Lab concept definitionGroningen was selected as Lighthouse City for the MAKING-CITY project. MAKING-CITY is a 60-month Horizon 2020 project launched in December 2018. It aims to address and demonstrate the urban energy system transformation towards smart and low-carbon cities, based on the Positive Energy District (PED) concept. The PED operational models developed in MAKING-CITY will help European and other cities around the world to adopt a long-term City Vision 2050 for energy transition and sustainable urbanisation whilst turning citizens into actors of this transformation. Groningen works with two PED districts in two completely different neighbourhoods in terms of structure and buildings. This is why we see this as a lab: to see wat works and what doesn’t. In order to be able to implement this in the rest of the city.
        B2P002: Installation life time
        B2P002: Installation life timeThe MAKING-CITY project lasts from November 2018 – November 2023. By that time PED North and PED South East are a fact.
        B2P003: Scale of action
        B2P003: ScaleDistrict
        B2P004: Operator of the installation
        B2P004: Operator of the installationThe Municipality of Groningen is Manager of the lab but works closely with other parties such as the university, university of applied sciences, research institute TNO and several other parties.
        B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materials
        B2P005: Replication framework: Applied strategy to reuse and recycling the materialsGroningen does not have a strategy to reuse and recyle materials
        B2P006: Circular Economy Approach
        B2P006: Do you apply any strategy to reuse and recycling the materials?No
        B2P006: Other
        B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
        B2P007: Motivation for developing the PED Lab
        • Civic
        B2P007: Other
        B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED Lab
        B2P008: Lead partner that manages the PED LabMunicipality
        B2P008: Other
        B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
        B2P009: Collaborative partners that participate in the PED Lab
        • Academia,
        • Private,
        • Industrial,
        • Other
        B2P009: Otherresearch companies, monitoring company, ict company
        B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
        B2P010: Synergies between the fields of activities
        B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
        B2P011: Available facilities to test urban configurations in PED Lab
        • Buildings,
        • Demand-side management,
        • Energy storage,
        • Energy networks,
        • Waste management,
        • Lighting,
        • E-mobility,
        • Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),
        • Social interactions,
        • Business models
        B2P011: Other
        B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
        B2P012: Incubation capacities of PED Lab
        • Tools for prototyping and modelling
        B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
        B2P013: Availability of the facilities for external people
        B2P014: Monitoring measures
        B2P014: Monitoring measures
        • Execution plan,
        • Available data,
        • Type of measured data,
        • Equipment,
        • Level of access
        B2P015: Key Performance indicators
        B2P015: Key Performance indicators
        • Energy,
        • Social,
        • Economical / Financial
        B2P016: Execution of operations
        B2P016: Execution of operations
        B2P017: Capacities
        B2P017: Capacities
        B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
        B2P018: Relations with stakeholders
        B2P019: Available tools
        B2P019: Available tools
        • Energy modelling,
        • Social models,
        • Business and financial models
        B2P019: Available tools
        B2P020: External accessibility
        B2P020: External accessibility
        C1P001: Unlocking Factors
        C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits5 - Very important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important5 - Very important
        C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
        C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)4 - Important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS (if any)
        C1P002: Driving Factors
        C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need2 - Slightly important5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important5 - Very important
        C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Economic growth need2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR (if any)Earthquakes due to gas extraction
        C1P003: Administrative barriers
        C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important
        C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P003: Lack of public participation1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important5 - Very important
        C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)5 - Very important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
        C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER (if any)
        C1P004: Policy barriers
        C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER (if any)
        C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers
        C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P005: Regulatory instability3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P005: Non-effective regulations3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER (if any)
        C1P006: Environmental barriers
        C1P006: Environmental barriers
        C1P007: Technical barriers
        C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P007: Deficient planning2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state2 - Slightly important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P007: Lack of well-defined process3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation4 - Important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important
        C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
        C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important5 - Very important
        C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important
        C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER (if any)
        C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers
        C1P008: Inertia2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important2 - Slightly important
        C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important2 - Slightly important
        C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P008: Rebound effect2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important
        C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups5 - Very important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important3 - Moderately important
        C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER (if any)
        C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers
        C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant4 - Important4 - Important
        C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant2 - Slightly important4 - Important
        C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation4 - Important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER (if any)
        C1P010: Financial barriers
        C1P010: Hidden costs2 - Slightly important2 - Slightly important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important
        C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P010: Economic crisis1 - Unimportant4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P010: Risk and uncertainty3 - Moderately important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important3 - Moderately important
        C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models3 - Moderately important4 - Important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives2 - Slightly important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER (if any)
        C1P011: Market barriers
        C1P011: Split incentives5 - Very important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P011: Energy price distortion4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant5 - Very important4 - Important
        C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)4 - Important3 - Moderately important1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant3 - Moderately important2 - Slightly important
        C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant1 - Unimportant
        C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER (if any)
        C1P012: Stakeholders involved
        C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        C1P012: Research & Innovation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • None
        • Design/demand aggregation
        C1P012: Financial/Funding
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • None
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: Business process management
        • Planning/leading
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • None
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: Urban Services providers
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • None
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: Real Estate developers
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: Design/Construction companies
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Planning/leading
        C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
        • None
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Construction/implementation
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation
        • Construction/implementation
        C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Planning/leading,
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation,
        • Monitoring/operation/management
        • Design/demand aggregation,
        • Construction/implementation
        • Design/demand aggregation
        C1P012: Other
        C1P012: Other (if any)
        Summary

        Authors (framework concept)

        Beril Alpagut (Demir Energy); Giulia Turci (University of Bologna); Michal Kuzmic (Czech Technical University in Prague); Paolo Civiero (Università Roma Tre); Serena Pagliulia (University of Bologna); Oscar Seco (CIEMAT); Silvia Soutullo (CIEMAT); Daniele Vettorato (EURAC Research, IEA Annex 83); Bailador Ferreras M. Almudena (CIEMAT); Vicky Albert-Seifried (FHG ISE)

        Contributors (to the content)

        Laura Aelenei (LNEG), Nienke Maas (TNO), Savis Gohari (OsloMet), Andras Reith (ABUD), Ghazal Etminan (AIT), Maria-Beatrice Andreucci (Universita Sapienza), Francesco Reda (VTT, IEA Annex 83), Mari Hukkalainen (VTT), Judith-Borsboom (Locality), Gilda Massa (ENEA), Jelena Ziemele (University of Latvia), Nikola Pokorny (CVUT), Sergio Diaz de Garayo Balsategui (CENER, IEA Annex 83), Matthias Haaze (ZHAW, IEA Annex 83), Christoph Gollner (FFG, JPI UE), Silvia Bossi (ENEA, JPI UE), Christian Winzer (Zurich University of Applied Science), George Martinopoulos (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas), Maria Nuria Sánchez (CIEMAT), Angelina Tomova (Energy Agency of Plovdiv)

        Implemented by

        Boutik.pt: Filipe Martins, Jamal Khan
        Marek Suchánek (Czech Technical University in Prague)

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        COST

        COST is an EU funding programme that enables researchers to set up their interdisciplinary research networks in Europe and beyond. We provide funds for organising conferences, meetings, training schools, short scientific exchanges or other networking activities in a wide range of scientific topics. By creating open spaces where people and ideas can grow, we unlock the full potential of science.

        PED-EU-NET

        The COST Action Positive Energy Districts European Network (PED-EU-NET) aims to mobilise researchers and other relevant stakeholders across different domains and sectors to drive the deployment of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in Europe through open sharing of knowledge, exchange of ideas, pooling of resources, experimentation of new methods and co-creation of novel solutions.

        Action Details

        Grant Holder
        Department of Planning, Design, Technology of Architecture, Sapienza University of Rome

        Start of Action: 10 September 2020
        End of Action: 09 September 2024
        CSO approval date: 24/03/2020

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