| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab |
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A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
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The city of Carcavelos, Portugal
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| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
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A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
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| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site |
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PED relevant case study
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| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab |
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Climate neutrality
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Energy community
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Circularity
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Air quality and urban comfort
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- Air quality and urban comfort
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| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab |
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A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab
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Completed
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| A1P006: Start Date |
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A1P006: Start date
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04/20
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| A1P007: End Date |
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A1P007: End date
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04/20
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| A1P009: Data availability |
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A1P009: Data availability
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- General statistical datasets
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| A1P010: Sources |
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Any publication, link to website, deliverable referring to the PED/PED Lab
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- https://cascaissmartpole.pt/
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| A1P011: Geographic coordinates |
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X Coordinate (longitude):
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-9.323445
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Y Coordinate (latitude):
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38.684036
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| A1P012: Country |
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A1P012: Country
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Portugal
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| A1P013: City |
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A1P013: City
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Carcavelos
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| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) |
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A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).
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Csa
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| A1P015: District boundary |
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A1P015: District boundary
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Geographic
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| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab |
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A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:
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Mixed
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| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure |
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A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:
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Multiple Owners
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| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED |
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A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
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60
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| A1P019: Conditioned space |
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A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]
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80.000
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| A1P020: Total ground area |
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A1P020: Total ground area [m²]
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330.000
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| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area |
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A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
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0
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| A1P022: Financial schemes |
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A1P022c: Financing – PRIVATE – Other
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- Financing – PRIVATE – Other
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| A1P023: Economic Targets |
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A1P023: Economic Targets
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- Positive externalities
- Boosting local businesses
- Boosting local and sustainable production
- Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
- Other
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A1P023: Other
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– Economic savings on water consumption and electricity – Promoting the circular economy and carbon neutrality in waste – Business oportunities resulting from less carbon-intensive practices created by the project – Financial benefits from using renewable energy sources –creation of Energy Communities
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| A1P024: More comments: |
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A1P024: More comments:
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The Cascais Smart Pole by NOVA SBE was implemented in a multifunctional area that integrates housing, commerce, facilities, and public spaces, acquiring a local identity through sociocultural interaction between residents, students, and visitors/tourists , also covering an area of 4.2ha of green spaces. Located in the Municipality of Cascais, a leading municipality in defining a Municipal Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality, the Cascais Smart Pole by NOVA SBE led the generation of change-makers, influencing people and all stakeholders on the path of innovation combined with carbon neutrality.
The Cascais Smart Pole is a living lab pilot project that aims to create a carbon-neutral, sustainable urban environment by integrating innovative technological solutions and community engagement. The concept of the project is based on a physical space and a virtual space, providing testing ground for experimentation in domains of decarbonization, renewable energy, and climate resilience.
Planned continuation of the project is establishing a Renewable Energy Community (REC) to promote local clean energy production and shared consumption. This initiative will support the Cascais 2030 Sustainable Energy Strategy and the Cascais 2050 Carbon Neutrality Roadmap, engaging residents and businesses in sustainable practices to drive collective impact. A Renewable Energy Community (CER) will be created from the Cascais Smart Pole, which will encourage residents, companies and NOVA SBE to jointly invest in the installation of photovoltaic panels, to share the consumption of the clean energy produced. The panels will be installed on the roof of NOVA SBE and surrounding residential buildings, and all interested parties will be able to participate in the CER by investing, purchasing energy or donating their roof or panels to the CER. The aim is for residents to not only save on their electricity bills, but also obtain social and financial returns and contribute to the decarbonization effort in that geographic area.
Main objectives/activities and outcomes of the living lab include:
1. Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality:
The project developed a comprehensive inventory of 2019 greenhouse gas emissions and modeled the path to carbon neutrality by 2050. Strategic options for decarbonization were outlined, with a focus on mobility and energy efficiency. The efforts resulted in a 65-ton CO₂ reduction during the project's duration.
2. Smart Pole Platform:
A participatory digital platform was created, providing data on project activities and allowing public engagement through submissions of ideas. It also included tools like a carbon footprint calculator. The platform gained over 13,000 visits, fostering collaboration among stakeholders.
3. Smart Pole Community:
Community-focused initiatives included renewable energy workshops and microgreen cultivation activities. Events engaged locals and students, with over 17 activities conducted, such as street fairs and environmental workshops. The Microgreen Community distributed kits to promote urban agriculture.
4. Urban Mobility:
Sustainable transport behaviors were promoted via a mobile app (MobiCascais), tracking CO₂ emissions saved. Due to delays, some planned features were revised, but the app incorporated mobility KPIs and avoided emissions data. A campaign highlighted the importance of shared mobility.
5. Energy Efficiency:
Smart energy management systems optimized HVAC and lighting, integrating occupancy data for predictive efficiency. Indoor air quality monitoring systems were deployed, and smart energy counters were installed in classrooms. The project saved energy while addressing privacy concerns.
6. Circular Economy in Waste:
The initiative collected 19.4 tons of used cooking oil, surpassing the goal by 43%, producing biodiesel for municipal vehicles. A gamified "Pay-As-You-Throw" system incentivized recycling, reducing waste contamination rates. Smart bins monitored waste levels, improving collection efficiency.
7. Green Living:
Urban green spaces were transformed with native plants and smart irrigation systems, reducing water consumption and enhancing biodiversity. Over 7,000 trees and shrubs were planted, and lawns were replaced with water-efficient meadows. Smart systems optimized water use and tracked conservation progress.
8. Smart Pole Market:
Originally intended as a carbon credit marketplace, this activity shifted focus to creating a carbon footprint calculator for businesses. The tool provides actionable insights for companies to reduce their emissions. Workshops introduced the software to local entrepreneurs.
9. Smart Pole World:
Communication efforts included public awareness campaigns, workshops, and art initiatives like "Sustent’Arte." Over 20 events engaged stakeholders, promoting the project's goals. The communication strategy emphasized local impact and scalability to inspire other municipalities.
Main areas/axes of the living lab: Community, Water, Buildings, Energy, Green Spaces, Mobility, Circular Economy
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| Contact person for general enquiries |
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A1P026: Name
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Mariana Sardinha
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A1P027: Organization
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Get2C Climate change, Energy, Carbon markets, Climate finance, Sustainable development
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A1P028: Affiliation
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SME / Industry
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A1P028: Other
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Mariana Sardinha
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A1P029: Email
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mariana.sardinha@get2c.com
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| Contact person for other special topics |
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A1P030: Name
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Mariana SardinhaMariana Sardinha
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A1P031: Email
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mariana.sardinha@get2c.com
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Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation
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Yes
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| A2P001: Fields of application |
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A2P001: Fields of application
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- Energy efficiency
- Energy production
- E-mobility
- Urban comfort (pollution, heat island, noise level etc.)
- Digital technologies
- Water use
- Waste management
- Indoor air quality
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A2P001: Other
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1. Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality • Tools: GHG emissions inventory tools and carbon modeling methodologies, with support from Get2C. • Methods: Data collection through surveys, energy use assessments, and direct engagement with stakeholders; scenario modeling for emissions reduction up to 2050. • Strategies: Alignment with the Cascais Municipal Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality and development of decarbonization pathways based on predictive modeling. 2. Smart Pole Platform • Tools: An interactive digital platform integrated with real-time data sharing and public participation features. Methods: Benchmarking similar IoT-enabled platforms and creating user-friendly UX/UI designs. • Methods: Benchmarking of similar platforms and custom UX/UI design to track project-specific KPIs like CO₂ emissions and participation rates. • Strategies: Enabling transparency and collaboration by integrating APIs for data collection and feedback loops for community input. 3. Smart Pole Community • Tools: Social media platforms and engagement tools for organizing events and activities. • Methods: Conducting workshops, technical visits, and environmental events to foster collaboration among residents, students, and stakeholders. • Strategies: Promoting sustainable habits through participatory activities such as microgreen cultivation and educational campaigns. 4. Urban Mobility • Tools: The Cascais Smart Pole platform mobility dashboard for monitoring metrics like avoided CO₂ emissions, trips taken, and kilometers traveled. • Methods: Integration of mobility data with platform analytics; promotion of shared transport options like bikes and scooters. • Strategies: Public awareness campaigns and gamification to encourage sustainable mobility behaviors and reduce reliance on private vehicles. 5. Energy Efficiency • Tools: Cisco CMX platform for zonal mapping, IAQ monitoring sensors for CO₂ and temperature tracking, intelligent energy systems, including occupancy-based HVAC and lighting controls managed via the Building Management System (BMS) by Veolia. • Methods: Integration of Wi-Fi-based occupancy data with HVAC and lighting systems for predictive energy adjustments. • Strategies: Real-time energy optimization algorithms and data-driven decision-making to improve efficiency and reduce emissions 6. Circular Economy in Waste • Tools: Smart waste bins with monitoring systems and a gamified "Pay-As-You-Throw" (PAYT) system using Citypoints by PRIO. • Methods: Collection of used cooking oils for biodiesel production, incentivized through gamification. • Strategies: Promoting recycling behaviors via smart monitoring and awareness campaigns while integrating circular economy practices 7. Water Use • Tools: Installation of water refill stations integrated with a digital mapping system for real-time updates on station locations. • Methods: Community campaigns promoting tap water use and workshops highlighting the environmental benefits of refill infrastructure. • Strategies: Educating residents and visitors about sustainable water use practices and providing accessible refill infrastructure. 8. Green Living • Tools: Smart irrigation systems, including various controllers, including Hunter's ACC2-75D-P controller and the MySOLEM app, with geolocation-based control and sensors for soil moisture, leaks, and water usage. Transformation of urban green spaces with native plants, planting trees. • Methods: Conversion of traditional lawns to rainfed meadows; installation of localized irrigation equipment to minimize water consumption. • Strategies: Expansion of smart irrigation systems to additional areas, enhancing biodiversity, and involving the community in sustainable practices 9. Smart Pole Market • Tools: A carbon footprint calculator – a software by Delta Soluções designed to assist businesses in assessing and reducing their emissions. • Methods: Workshops and municipal partnerships to encourage software adoption among local companies. • Strategies: Supporting businesses in carbon reporting and neutrality planning through accessible tools and guidance. 10. Smart Pole World • Tools: Cascais Smart Pole World website, multimedia campaigns, educational programs and Sustent’Arte artistic initiatives. • Methods: Stakeholder engagement through events like GreenFest and knowledge transfer via workshops and summer schools. • Strategies: Leveraging digital communication and interactive events to raise awareness and inspire community-driven sustainability efforts.
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| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 |
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A2P003: Application of ISO52000
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No
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| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance |
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A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
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Yes
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| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance |
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A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
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Yes
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| A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation |
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A2P006: Description of how mobility is included (or not included) in the calculation
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Mobility was an integral part of the CO₂ inventory for the Cascais Smart Pole project, assessed through surveys capturing commuting behaviors among the NOVA SBE community. Emission factors for various transport modes, including private cars, public transport, and active mobility, were calculated to quantify contributions to greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the MobiCascais app tracked avoided CO₂ emissions from shifts to sustainable mobility options like shared bicycles and public transport. This data was integrated into the project’s digital platform, providing key metrics such as trips taken, kilometers traveled, and tons of CO₂ avoided, supporting the roadmap toward carbon neutrality.
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| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year |
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A2P011: PV
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| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year |
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A2P012: Solar Thermal
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| A2P013: Renewable resources on-site – Additional notes |
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A2P013: Renewable resources on-site – Additional notes
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The photovoltaic panels installed as part of the Cascais Smart Pole project are currently set up within a self-consumption production unit (UPAC). While a contract was signed to allow sharing surplus production with nearby facilities, such as a school and a paddle tennis court, this setup remains in preliminary stages and has not yet been fully implemented. This arrangement is intended to eventually support shared energy use as part of the ongoing Renewable Energy Community (REC) initiative. Additionally, the project incorporates the production of biodiesel from collected used cooking oil (UCO), which is processed and utilized in municipal vehicles.
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| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary |
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A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
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0
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| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Generation |
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A2P023: Photovoltaics
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|
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A2P023: Waste to energy
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| |
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| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Flexibility |
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A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
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- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
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A2P024: Energy management system
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|
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A2P024: Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems
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- Smart metering and demand-responsive control systems
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| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Efficiency |
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A2P025: Urban data platforms
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A2P025: Mobile applications for citizens
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- Mobile applications for citizens
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A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)
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- Building services (HVAC & Lighting)
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A2P025: Smart irrigation
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| A2P026: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Mobility |
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A2P026: Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)
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- Measures to reduce traffic volume (e.g. measure to support public transportation, shared mobility, measure to reduce journeys and distances)
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| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates |
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A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
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Yes
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| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates |
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A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
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No
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| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
|
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
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- New development strategies
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| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy |
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A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
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| |
National Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality 2050 (RNC2050):
1. GHG Emissions Reduction:
55% reduction by 2030 (from 2005 levels).
100% reduction by 2050.
2. Renewable Energy:
47% share of renewables in final energy consumption by 2030.
20% renewable energy in transport by 2030.
3. Energy Efficiency:
35% improvement in primary energy consumption by 2030.
Cascais 2050 Municipal Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality:
1. Renewable Energy Production:
Local Energy Communities: Initiated in 2022, Cascais aims to generate 213 GWh annually through photovoltaic installations (23% of town’s electricity consumption).
2. Waste Management:
152% increase in plastic recycling (2014-2022)
3. Electric Mobility:
Adoption of 100% electric waste collection vehicles
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| A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid |
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A3P003: Strategies towards decarbonization of the gas grid
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| |
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| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities |
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A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
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• Reduction of GHG Emissions and Decarbonization Pathways (renewable energy adoption, energy-efficient retrofitting, reducing individual vehicle use)
• Infrastructure and Technological Development (sustainable mobility infrastructure – public transportation, EV charging stations, cycling networks; Green spaces adaptation to climate change – biodiversity planting, smart irrigation systems; Digital tools development – carbon footprint calculators, mobility information hubs to support decision-making and track progress)
• Promotion of Circular Economy and Waste Management (biodiesel production from used cooking oil, community composting, home composting, waste sorting systems)
• Community Engagement and Behavioral Change (renewable energy communities, sustainable/soft mobility practices, waste reduction behaviors, awareness and education, workshops, campaigns, events)
• Stakeholder Collaboration (strengthen partnerships among local businesses, public authorities, educational institutions, and community members; shared ownership of initiatives through participatory planning and implementation)
• Policy Integration and Planning (alignment with Cascais 2050 Roadmap, the National Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality, and European decarbonization strategies; share of best practices; set up of a legal framework for REC (Renewable energy Community in the area)
• Monitoring and Scaling Successful Pilots (Establish robust monitoring systems for energy, water, and waste management; Replicate and expand pilot projects like smart irrigation, carbon footprint tools, and renewable energy communities to other areas)
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| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour |
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A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
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Use of public transport, bicycles, and shared mobility options; using carbon footprint calculators to understand and reduce emissions; recycling and proper waste sorting, including biodiesel production from used cooking oil; adopting smart irrigation systems to conserve water in green spaces; engagement in community composting and home composting to reduce organic waste; preparedness for participation in Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) for shared renewable energy production; switching to energy-efficient technologies like LED lighting and A+ rated appliances; participation in events, workshops, and educational courses on sustainability and climate action.
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| A3P006: Economic strategies |
|
A3P006: Economic strategies
|
| |
- Innovative business models
- Circular economy models
- Demand management Living Lab
- Existing incentives
- Other
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A3P006: Other
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| |
Collaborative energy models: Renewable Energy Communities (RECs)
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| A3P007: Social models |
|
A3P007: Social models
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| |
- Strategies towards (local) community-building
- Co-creation / Citizen engagement strategies
- Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
- Social incentives
- Quality of Life
- Digital Inclusion
- Citizen/owner involvement in planning and maintenance
- Educational activities and trainings (including capacity building towards technology literacy, energy efficient behaviour)
|
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
|
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
|
| |
- Strategic urban planning
- District Energy plans
- City Vision 2050
- SECAP Updates
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| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
|
A3P009: Environmental strategies
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| |
- Net zero carbon footprint
- Pollutants Reduction
- Greening strategies
- Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
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| A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects |
|
A3P010: Legal / Regulatory aspects
|
| |
compliance with Renewable Energy Communities (REC) regulations for energy sharing; •adherence to General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) for data privacy in smart systems;
•following EEA Grants public procurement rules for tendering and service hiring;
•meeting urban mobility and transportation regulations for low-emission zones and EV infrastructure;
•fulfilling waste management regulations for biodiesel production and organic waste processing
|
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition |
|
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
|
| |
The Cascais Smart Pole (CSP) is a relevant PED case study as it is a district-level project with high level of aspiration in terms of energy efficiency, energy flexibility and energy production.
It employs core PED principles—energy production, efficiency, and sustainability—by integrating renewable energy, efficiency measures, community engagement, smart technologies, and scalable and replicable practices. Its outcomes align with the PED vision by fostering renewable energy, establishing Renewable Energy Communities, aiming for energy surplus, enhancing quality of life, and reducing environmental impacts.
|
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development |
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B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
|
| |
CSP aims to serve as a living lab that demonstrates innovative solutions for achieving carbon neutrality and addressing climate change. Living Lab not only reduces carbon emissions but also creates a blueprint for replicable and scalable solutions, addressing the urgent need for climate action while improving quality of life, enabling energy efficiency, renewable energy production, energy sharing through REC (to be established), and aligning with global decarbonization goals.
|
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area |
|
B2P003: Environment of the case study area
|
| |
Urban area
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| B1P004: Type of district |
|
B2P004: Type of district
|
| |
|
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
|
B1P005: Case Study Context
|
| |
- New Development
- Retrofitting Area
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| B1P006: Year of construction |
|
B1P006: Year of construction
|
| |
2,020
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| B1P007: District population before intervention – Residential |
|
B1P007: District population before intervention – Residential
|
| |
1,662
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| B1P008: District population after intervention – Residential |
|
B1P008: District population after intervention – Residential
|
| |
1,878
|
| B1P009: District population before intervention – Non-residential |
|
B1P009: District population before intervention – Non-residential
|
| |
4,925
|
| B1P010: District population after intervention – Non-residential |
|
B1P010: District population after intervention – Non-residential
|
| |
6,126
|
| B1P011: Population density before intervention |
|
B1P011: Population density before intervention
|
| |
20
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| B1P012: Population density after intervention |
|
B1P012: Population density after intervention
|
| |
24.254545454545
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| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention |
|
B1P013: Residential
|
| |
|
|
B1P013: Office
|
| |
|
|
B1P013: Commercial
|
| |
|
|
B1P013: Institutional
|
| |
|
|
B1P013: Natural areas
|
| |
|
|
B1P013: Recreational
|
| |
|
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention |
|
B1P014: Residential
|
| |
|
|
B1P014: Office
|
| |
|
|
B1P014: Commercial
|
| |
|
|
B1P014: Institutional
|
| |
|
|
B1P014: Natural areas
|
| |
|
|
B1P014: Recreational
|
| |
|
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors |
|
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P002: Driving Factors |
|
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Economic growth need
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P003: Administrative barriers |
|
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of public participation
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P004: Policy barriers |
|
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers |
|
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P005: Regulatory instability
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Non-effective regulations
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P007: Technical barriers |
|
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Deficient planning
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers |
|
C1P008: Inertia
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Rebound effect
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers |
|
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P010: Financial barriers |
|
C1P010: Hidden costs
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P010: Economic crisis
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P011: Market barriers |
|
C1P011: Split incentives
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P011: Energy price distortion
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
