| A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab |
|
A1P001: Name of the PED case study / PED Lab
|
| |
Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Borlänge, Sweden
|
| A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet |
|
A1P002: Map / aerial view / photos / graphic details / leaflet
|
| |
|
| A1P003: Categorisation of the PED site |
|
PED relevant case study
|
| |
|
| A1P004: Targets of the PED case study / PED Lab |
|
Climate neutrality
|
| |
|
|
Annual energy surplus
|
| |
|
|
Energy community
|
| |
|
|
Electrification
|
| |
|
|
Maximise self-sufficiency
|
| |
- Maximise self-sufficiency
|
| A1P005: Phase of the PED case study / PED Lab |
|
A1P005: Project Phase of your case study/PED Lab
|
| |
Planning Phase
|
| A1P009: Data availability |
|
A1P009: Data availability
|
| |
- Open data city platform – different dashboards
|
| A1P011: Geographic coordinates |
|
X Coordinate (longitude):
|
| |
60.486609
|
|
Y Coordinate (latitude):
|
| |
15.394495
|
| A1P012: Country |
|
A1P012: Country
|
| |
Sweden
|
| A1P013: City |
|
A1P013: City
|
| |
Borlänge
|
| A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification) |
|
A1P014: Climate Zone (Köppen Geiger classification).
|
| |
Dsb
|
| A1P015: District boundary |
|
A1P015: District boundary
|
| |
Geographic
|
| A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab |
|
A1P016: Ownership of the case study/PED Lab:
|
| |
Mixed
|
| A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure |
|
A1P017: Ownership of the land / physical infrastructure:
|
| |
Single Owner
|
| A1P018: Number of buildings in PED |
|
A1P018: Number of buildings in PED
|
| |
10
|
| A1P019: Conditioned space |
|
A1P019: Conditioned space [m²]
|
| |
3,700
|
| A1P020: Total ground area |
|
A1P020: Total ground area [m²]
|
| |
9,945
|
| A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area |
|
A1P021: Floor area ratio: Conditioned space / total ground area
|
| |
0
|
| A1P023: Economic Targets |
|
A1P023: Economic Targets
|
| |
- Positive externalities
- Boosting local businesses
- Boosting consumption of local and sustainable products
|
| Contact person for general enquiries |
|
A1P026: Name
|
| |
Jingchun Shen
|
|
A1P027: Organization
|
| |
Högskolan Dalarna
|
|
A1P028: Affiliation
|
| |
Research Center / University
|
|
A1P029: Email
|
| |
jih@du.se
|
| Contact person for other special topics |
|
A1P030: Name
|
| |
Xingxing Zhang
|
|
A1P031: Email
|
| |
xza@du.se
|
|
Pursuant to the General Data Protection Regulation
|
| |
Yes
|
| A2P001: Fields of application |
|
A2P001: Fields of application
|
| |
- Energy efficiency
- Energy flexibility
- Energy production
- E-mobility
- Construction materials
|
| A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields |
|
A2P002: Tools/strategies/methods applied for each of the above-selected fields
|
| |
Load calculation and system optimisation: City Energy Analyst
Identification of stranded assets for asset owners and investors to understand the carbon risks: CRREM
|
| A2P003: Application of ISO52000 |
|
A2P003: Application of ISO52000
|
| |
No
|
| A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance |
|
A2P004: Appliances included in the calculation of the energy balance
|
| |
Yes
|
| A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance |
|
A2P005: Mobility included in the calculation of the energy balance
|
| |
No
|
| A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand |
|
A2P007: Annual energy demand in buildings / Thermal demand [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.6777
|
| A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand |
|
A2P008: Annual energy demand in buildings / Electric Demand [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.03656
|
| A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility |
|
A2P009: Annual energy demand for e-mobility [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0
|
| A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure |
|
A2P010: Annual energy demand for urban infrastructure [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0
|
| A2P011: Annual renewable electricity production on-site during target year |
|
A2P011: PVT_el
|
| |
|
|
A2P011: PVT_el – specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.01818
|
| A2P012: Annual renewable thermal production on-site during target year |
|
A2P012: PVT_th
|
| |
|
|
A2P012 – PVT_th: Please specify production in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.0825
|
| A2P014: Annual energy use |
|
A2P014: Annual energy use [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.318
|
| A2P015: Annual energy delivered |
|
A2P015: Annual energy delivered [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.2055
|
| A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year |
|
A2P016: Annual non-renewable electricity production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0
|
| A2P017: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year |
|
A2P017: Other
|
| |
|
|
A2P017 – Other: Annual non-renewable thermal production on-site during target year [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0
|
| A2P018: Annual renewable electricity imports from outside the boundary during target year |
|
A2P018: Other
|
| |
|
|
A2P018 – Other: specify production in GWh/annum if available [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0.187
|
| A2P019: Annual renewable thermal imports from outside the boundary during target year |
|
A2P019: Other
|
| |
|
|
A2P019 Other: Please specify imports in GWh/annum [GWh/annum]
|
| |
0
|
| A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary |
|
A2P020: Share of RES on-site / RES outside the boundary
|
| |
0.53839572192513
|
| A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED |
|
A2P021: GHG-balance calculated for the PED [tCO2/annum]
|
| |
6.93
|
| A2P022: KPIs related to the PED case study / PED Lab |
|
A2P022: Safety & Security
|
| |
none
|
|
A2P022: Health
|
| |
thermal comfort diagram
|
|
A2P022: Education
|
| |
none
|
|
A2P022: Mobility
|
| |
none
|
|
A2P022: Energy
|
| |
normalized CO2/GHG & Energy intensity
|
|
A2P022: Economic development
|
| |
cost of excess emissions
|
| A2P023: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Generation |
|
A2P023: Photovoltaics
|
| |
|
|
A2P023: Solar thermal collectors
|
| |
|
|
A2P023: Geothermal energy system
|
| |
|
|
A2P023: Waste heat recovery
|
| |
|
|
A2P023: Heat Pump
|
| |
|
| A2P024: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Flexibility |
|
A2P024: A2P024: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
|
| |
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)
|
|
A2P024: Thermal Storage
|
| |
|
|
A2P024: District Heating and Cooling
|
| |
- District Heating and Cooling
|
| A2P025: Technological Solutions / Innovations – Energy Efficiency |
|
A2P025: Deep Retrofitting
|
| |
|
|
A2P025: Building services (HVAC & Lighting)
|
| |
- Building services (HVAC & Lighting)
|
| A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates |
|
A2P028: Energy efficiency certificates
|
| |
No
|
| A2P029: Any other building / district certificates |
|
A2P029: Any other building / district certificates
|
| |
No
|
| A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy |
|
A3P001: Relevant city /national strategy
|
| |
- Promotion of energy communities (REC/CEC)
- Climate change adaption plan/strategy (e.g. Climate City contract)
|
| A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy |
|
A3P002: Quantitative targets included in the city / national strategy
|
| |
The study aligns closely with the decarbonisation and energy reduction pathways of residential multi family buildings with 1.5°C global warming target in Sweden.
This study will also contribute to the achievement of the carbon neturality of whole Borlänge city by 2030.
|
| A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities |
|
A3P004: Identification of needs and priorities
|
| |
In our project, we carried out a comprehensive exploration of strategies to achieve positive energy districts in a Swedish residential portfolio. The focus on urban energy transitions necessitates a holistic approach that integrates building retrofit, solar technology exploration, and heating supply optimisation.
Exploration of Local Solar Sources: The analysis reveals varying solar irradiance resources throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of strategic placement. Integration of combined photovoltaic and thermal panels into building envelopes demonstrates the potential to cover a significant portion of the energy demand even in Sweden.
Heating Supply Optimisation with Solar Technologies: Despite the surplus energy production from on-site solar technology, challenges arise due to temporal energy asymmetry. The introduction of heat pumps emerges as a feasible solution to balance energy gaps, utilising both rejected and free heat. Optimisation scenarios, utilising a combination of geothermal heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and PVT, showcase remarkable reductions in emissions and primary energy consumption.
Urban Form and Energy Infrastructure Design: We realised the importance of returning to urban form and energy infrastructure design to optimise future residential portfolio potential. Building layout design, influenced by zoning regulations and innovative typologies, plays a crucial role in achieving district level energy efficiency. Future challenges, including demographic shifts, e-mobility, and climate change, necessitate a more holistic approach to energy infrastructure design, addressing not only heating and electricity demands but also cooling requirements.
|
| A3P005: Sustainable behaviour |
|
A3P005: Sustainable behaviour
|
| |
While our investigation primarily centres on technical optimisation within Positive Energy District (PED) development, it is essential to acknowledge the broader scope encompassing social and governance dimensions. Specifically, understanding stakeholders' willingness to embrace technical recommendations upon project completion is important. Several potential influencing factors merit exploration, including economic considerations, technical optimisation-associated embodied carbon balance, the general public's technical perceptions, and operational feasibility. Evaluating these aspects holistically not only enhances the efficacy of PED initiatives but also fosters greater acceptance and participation within the communities they serve.
|
| A3P006: Economic strategies |
|
A3P006: Economic strategies
|
| |
- Open data business models
- Life Cycle Cost
- Circular economy models
- Local trading
|
| A3P007: Social models |
|
A3P007: Social models
|
| |
- Strategies towards (local) community-building
- Behavioural Change / End-users engagement
- Social incentives
- Affordability
- Digital Inclusion
|
| A3P008: Integrated urban strategies |
|
A3P008: Integrated urban strategies
|
| |
- Strategic urban planning
- Digital twinning and visual 3D models
- District Energy plans
- Building / district Certification
|
| A3P009: Environmental strategies |
|
A3P009: Environmental strategies
|
| |
- Low Emission Zone
- Net zero carbon footprint
- Life Cycle approach
- Sustainable Urban drainage systems (SUDS)
|
| B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition |
|
B1P001: PED/PED relevant concept definition
|
| |
The Rymdgatan's Residential Portfolio in Sweden presents a compelling case study for its classification as a PED-related research, given its alignment with sustainable behaviours and overarching PED development principles as follows:
Inclusivity and Social Equity: The residential portfolio situated in Rymdgatan caters primarily to a low-income community. By focusing on this demographic, the project addresses critical aspects of social equity within sustainable urban development. Ensuring access to energy-efficient housing and amenities for economically disadvantaged populations not only fosters social cohesion but also mitigates energy poverty, a pressing concern in many urban contexts.
Multifamily Residential Building: The inclusion of multifamily residential buildings within the portfolio underscores a commitment to density and efficient land use, both essential components of sustainable urban design. Such developments promote resource optimisation by consolidating housing units, thereby reducing per capita energy consumption and infrastructure demands. Moreover, multifamily dwellings often facilitate community engagement and shared resource management, fostering a culture of sustainability among residents.
Low Carbon Retrofitting and Transition: The overarching initiative to transition the entire Jakobsgårdarna district. The included Rymdgatan portfolio, towards low carbon retrofitting, represents a significant example of decarbonization and climate resilience. By integrating energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions into existing infrastructure, the project not only reduces carbon emissions but also serves as a blueprint for revitalising old urban environments sustainably. This holistic approach to retrofitting demonstrates a systemic commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term sustainability.
Climate Adaptation and Renewable Energy Integration: Despite Sweden's climatic challenges, including lower solar resources during winter months, the Rymdgatan project leverages its geographical context to optimize renewable energy utilization. Sweden's greater solar resource availability during summer and geothermal potentials complement the design's emphasis on seasonal energy planning, where surplus energy generated during peak periods can be stored or redistributed efficiently. By embracing climate-responsive design strategies, the project demonstrates resilience in the face of climate variability while harnessing renewable energy potential effectively.
|
| B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development |
|
B1P002: Motivation behind PED/PED relevant project development
|
| |
Borlänge city has committed to become the carbon-neutral city by 2030.
|
| B1P003: Environment of the case study area |
|
B2P003: Environment of the case study area
|
| |
Urban area
|
| B1P004: Type of district |
|
B2P004: Type of district
|
| |
|
| B1P005: Case Study Context |
|
B1P005: Case Study Context
|
| |
- Re-use / Transformation Area
- Retrofitting Area
|
| B1P006: Year of construction |
|
B1P006: Year of construction
|
| |
1,990
|
| B1P007: District population before intervention – Residential |
|
B1P007: District population before intervention – Residential
|
| |
100
|
| B1P008: District population after intervention – Residential |
|
B1P008: District population after intervention – Residential
|
| |
100
|
| B1P009: District population before intervention – Non-residential |
|
B1P009: District population before intervention – Non-residential
|
| |
6
|
| B1P010: District population after intervention – Non-residential |
|
B1P010: District population after intervention – Non-residential
|
| |
6
|
| B1P011: Population density before intervention |
|
B1P011: Population density before intervention
|
| |
0
|
| B1P012: Population density after intervention |
|
B1P012: Population density after intervention
|
| |
0.010658622423328
|
| B1P013: Building and Land Use before intervention |
|
B1P013: Residential
|
| |
|
|
B1P013 – Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
|
| |
4360
|
|
B1P013: Other
|
| |
|
|
B1P013 – Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
|
| |
706
|
| B1P014: Building and Land Use after intervention |
|
B1P014: Residential
|
| |
|
|
B1P014 – Residential: Specify the sqm [m²]
|
| |
4,360
|
|
B1P014: Other
|
| |
|
|
B1P014 – Other: Specify the sqm [m²]
|
| |
706
|
| C1P001: Unlocking Factors |
|
C1P001: Recent technological improvements for on-site RES production
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Innovative, integrated, prefabricated packages for buildings envelope / Energy efficiency of building stock
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Energy Communities, P2P, Prosumers concepts
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P001: Storage systems and E-mobility market penetration
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P001: Decreasing costs of innovative materials
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Financial mechanisms to reduce costs and maximize benefits
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: The ability to predict Multiple Benefits
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: The ability to predict the distribution of benefits and impacts
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Citizens improved awareness and engagement on sustainable energy issues (bottom-up)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Social acceptance (top-down)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Improved local and national policy frameworks (i.e. incentives, laws etc.)
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Presence of integrated urban strategies and plans
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Multidisciplinary approaches available for systemic integration
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Availability of grants (from EC or other donors) to finance the PED Lab projects
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P001: Availability of RES on site (Local RES)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P001: Ongoing or established collaboration on Public Private Partnership among key stakeholders
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P001: Any other UNLOCKING FACTORS
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P002: Driving Factors |
|
C1P002: Climate Change adaptation need
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P002: Climate Change mitigation need (local RES production and efficiency)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P002: Rapid urbanization trend and need of urban expansions
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P002: Urban re-development of existing built environment
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Economic growth need
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P002: Improved local environmental quality (air, noise, aesthetics, etc.)
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P002: Territorial and market attractiveness
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P002: Energy autonomy/independence
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P002: Any other DRIVING FACTOR
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P003: Administrative barriers |
|
C1P003: Difficulty in the coordination of high number of partners and authorities
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of good cooperation and acceptance among partners
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of public participation
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of institutions/mechanisms to disseminate information
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003:Long and complex procedures for authorization of project activities
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P003: Time consuming requirements by EC or other donors concerning reporting and accountancy
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: Complicated and non-comprehensive public procurement
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P003: Fragmented and or complex ownership structure
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P003: City administration & cross-sectoral attitude/approaches (silos)
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P003: Lack of internal capacities to support energy transition
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P003: Any other Administrative BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P004: Policy barriers |
|
C1P004: Lack of long-term and consistent energy plans and policies
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P004: Lacking or fragmented local political commitment and support on the long term
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P004: Lack of Cooperation & support between national-regional-local entities
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P004: Any other Political BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P005: Legal and Regulatory barriers |
|
C1P005: Inadequate regulations for new technologies
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P005: Regulatory instability
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P005: Non-effective regulations
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P005: Unfavorable local regulations for innovative technologies
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P005: Building code and land-use planning hindering innovative technologies
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P005: Insufficient or insecure financial incentives
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P005: Unresolved privacy concerns and limiting nature of privacy protection regulation
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P005: Shortage of proven and tested solutions and examples
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P005: Any other Legal and Regulatory BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P006: Environmental barriers |
|
C1P006: Environmental barriers
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
| C1P007: Technical barriers |
|
C1P007: Lack of skilled and trained personnel
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P007: Deficient planning
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P007: Retrofitting work in dwellings in occupied state
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P007: Lack of well-defined process
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P007: Inaccuracy in energy modelling and simulation
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P007: Lack/cost of computational scalability
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P007: Grid congestion, grid instability
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P007: Negative effects of project intervention on the natural environment
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P007: Energy retrofitting work in dense and/or historical urban environment
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P007: Difficult definition of system boundaries
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
|
C1P007: Any other Thecnical BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P008: Social and Cultural barriers |
|
C1P008: Inertia
|
| |
2 – Slightly important
|
|
C1P008: Lack of values and interest in energy optimization measurements
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P008: Low acceptance of new projects and technologies
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P008: Difficulty of finding and engaging relevant actors
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Lack of trust beyond social network
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P008: Rebound effect
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards environmentalism
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Exclusion of socially disadvantaged groups
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Non-energy issues are more important and urgent for actors
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Hostile or passive attitude towards energy collaboration
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P008: Any other Social BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P009: Information and Awareness barriers |
|
C1P009: Insufficient information on the part of potential users and consumers
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P009: Perception of interventions as complicated and expensive, with negative socio-economic or environmental impacts
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P009: Lack of awareness among authorities
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P009: Information asymmetry causing power asymmetry of established actors
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P009: High costs of design, material, construction, and installation
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P009: Any other Information and Awareness BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P010: Financial barriers |
|
C1P010: Hidden costs
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Insufficient external financial support and funding for project activities
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Economic crisis
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Risk and uncertainty
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Lack of consolidated and tested business models
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Limited access to capital and cost disincentives
|
| |
5 – Very important
|
|
C1P010: Any other Financial BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P011: Market barriers |
|
C1P011: Split incentives
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P011: Energy price distortion
|
| |
4 – Important
|
|
C1P011: Energy market concentration, gatekeeper actors (DSOs)
|
| |
3 – Moderately important
|
|
C1P011: Any other Market BARRIER
|
| |
1 – Unimportant
|
| C1P012: Stakeholders involved |
|
C1P012: Government/Public Authorities
|
| |
- Monitoring/operation/management
|
|
C1P012: Research & Innovation
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: Financial/Funding
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: Analyst, ICT and Big Data
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: Business process management
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: Urban Services providers
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: Real Estate developers
|
| |
- Design/demand aggregation
|
|
C1P012: Design/Construction companies
|
| |
|
|
C1P012: End‐users/Occupants/Energy Citizens
|
| |
- Monitoring/operation/management
|
|
C1P012: Social/Civil Society/NGOs
|
| |
- Monitoring/operation/management
|
|
C1P012: Industry/SME/eCommerce
|
| |
|
